Therapeutic effects of blood transfusion and cyclophosphamide (CY) on the bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in rats with lethal ?-irradiation were studied. The results of 60-day after irradiation in each experimental group were as follows: The survival rates in the group only treated with BMT were 55%. In the groups with blood transfusion five days before and one day after BMT, the survival rates were 0% and 30% respectively. The survival rates of the group with blood transfusion one day before BMT increased to 90%, but when administration of CY was added the therapeutic effect decreased markedly. The cells of the donor type in the rats survived more than 10 and 100 days. The results showed that the therapeutic effect of BMT in the lethal irradiation was strongly related to the time of blood transfusion, and the additional administration of CY decreased the therapeutic effect.

The effect of blood transfusion on engraftment of bone marrow cells in the rats which are exposed to systemic irradiation by 10Gy of ?-ray of Co-60 was studied.All of the rats exposed to single irradiation did not show the recovery of white blood cell (WBC)counts and died after 4-8 days of irradiation.In the group with single bone marrow transplantation BMT),the incidence of WBC count recovery was 82%,which is consistent with the presence of the donor-type bone marrow cells.In both groups transfused with fresh whole blood and irradiated blood one day before BMT,the rate of bone marrow cell (BMC)engraftment was 100%,but the rate of BMC engraftment was only 30%,if the blood was transfused 5 days before BMT.In three groups transfused with stored blood,irradia- ted blood and fresh whole blood after BMT,the rates of BMC en- graftment were 100%,91% and 50% respectively.The results show that the effect of blood transfusion on BMC engraftment is associatad with the time of blood transfusion and the kind of transfused blood.

The effect of post-injury transfusion with stored blood on the immune reactionof allo-skin grafted rats was treated,using models of the allo-skin grafted ratswith simple burn injury (15% TBSA) and with combined radiation-burn injury(exposed to 5 Gy systemic irradiation,15% TBSA) respectively.After burninjury and allo-skin graftment,the early cell immune function of the rats signifi-cantly enhanced,the survival time of all the allo-skin grafts was within 7 days.After the rats transfused with stored blood,the degree of their cell immunefunction enhancement was decreased,but there was no significant effect on thesurvival time of allo-skin grafts.However,in the case of allo-skin graftmentsubsequent to combined radiation-burn injury,and then transfusion with storedblood,the multiplying ability of thymocytes and the antibody-producing abilityof splenocytes were depressed significantly and for a long time;the number ofthymocytes,splenocytes,spleen B-cells,T-cells,T_H-cells and Ts-eells were decr-eased rapidly and recovered slowly.And the surviral rate of allo-skin grafts for15 days was 100.0% which was remarkably higher than that of the group subject-ed to simple allo-skin graftment (28.6%,P

Seventy dogs were irradiated -with 300. 325, or 350 rad of gamma rays from a 60Co sourse. Half of them were used as controls and the other 35 animals were divided randomly into four groups and were experimentally treated with different regimes.In the first group there were 9 treated, animals and an equal number of control animals 5 all the animals were irradiated with 300 rad. The treatment consisted of a blood transfusion on the 16th day after radiation exposure as well as several antibiotics and other medications. 8 out of the treated animals and one of the controls survived the gamma irradiation.In the second group, ten animals were exposed to 350 rad and 8 to 325 radand they were divided equally into treated and control groups. In spite of early use of blood transfusion and antibiotics, all the treated animals as well as those of the control group died of severe mycotic infections.In the third group, 325 rad was given to the dogs. All 7 dogs of the controls died and two out of the 7 treated dogs survived. The treatment was the same as that of the first group but no blood transfusion was used.In the fourth grou'p?ten animals were irradiated with 350 rad and another ten with 325 rad. They were divided equally into control and treated groups. All the ten controls died. The treated group was given the same treatment as the first group. In addition, tetracycline was given in case there was fever in 'the critical phase of the sickness, and the dosage of tetracycline was doubled whenever fever persisted or recurred. All the treated animals survived.Early blood transfusion was found to be better in its therapeutic effect than late transfusion.

OBJECTIVETo investigate therapeutics for and the pathological basis of combined radiation and burn injuries.

METHODSCombined radiation and burn injuries on mice and rats were inflicted by gamma ray irradiation from a (60)Co source and thermal radiation from a 5 kW bromotungsten lamp.

RESULTSThe dysfunction of myocardium played an important role in the development of early stage shock. Transfusion of irradiated (in vitro, 20 Gy) or stored (4 degrees C, 7 days) blood after irradiation was done to promote the success of allo-transplantation of bone marrow. Decrease of IL-4 mRNA expression was the molecular basis of depression of intestinal mucosa immune and intervention of IL-4 showed an antagonistic effect on enterogenic infection. A new lipid component extracted from burn eschar was documented for the first time and its toxic effects were elucidated. The survival rate of alloskin grafts after removal of burn eschar from the recipient animals was obviously increased in combined injury due to reduction of immune rejection activity by the radiation effect. In contrast, in animal models with simple burn, the alloskin grafts were all rejected within ten days after the procedure. A successful therapeutic result (survival rate: 92% for 30 days and 67% for 100 days) was obtained by comprehensive management of treated animals, while the untreated control animals all died within 3 - 7 days after injury.

CONCLUSIONThe pathogenesis of injury caused by simultaneous radiation and burn is extremely complicated and the treatment is very difficult. A comprehensive management program consisting of several therapeutic measures aimed at key links of the pathogenesis may achieve significantly improved results.

Animals ; Burns ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Hematopoiesis ; Mice ; Radiation Injuries ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar