【Objective】 Virtual reality (VR) technology is closely related to eye vision. With the development and progress of hardware and software equipment, VR has been applied widely in the field of ophthalmology. This article describes the application of VR technology in the clinical research and ophthalmology education, reviews the current research results and advantages of this new technology, including the new curative effect in amblyopia/strabismus, myopia and glaucoma, as well as research on the technology’s application in cataract surgery training and ophthalmology education. The article also discusses the dangers and difficulties of VR application and predicts its future application trend. In view of the shortcomings of VR in current research applications, the paper discusses and looks forward to provide powerful strategies for amblyopia, myopia and other ophthalmic diseases and clinical research.