Objective To investigate the correlation between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) gene R92H polymorphism and ischemic stroke and its subtype in a Chinese Han population of Shandong province. Methods A total of 386 patients w ith first-ever ischemic stroke and 368 healthy controls in China Shandong region w ere enrol ed. According to the TOAST criteria, the patients w ere further divided into large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and smal artery occlusion (SAO). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay w as used to detect the serum Lp-PLA2 level. Polymerase chain reaction and directly sequencing w ere used to detect R92H gene polymorphism. Results The serum Lp-PLA2 levels in the ischemic stroke group, LAA group and SAO group w ere higher than that in the control group, and there w ere significant differences (al P<0.01). The distribution frequencies of GA (P=0.006), AA (P=0.020), AA+AG (P=0.009), and A al ele (P=0.001) in the ischemic stroke group w ere significant higher than those in the control group. There w ere also significant differences in distribution frequencies of GA+AA genotype (P=0.007) and A al ele (P<0.001) betw een the LAA group and the control group, w hile the SAO group w as not the case. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that GA+ AA genotype (odds ratio [OR] 1.43, 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.02-2.00; P=0.029), GA genotype (OR 1.42, 95%CI 1.01-2.00; P=0.037), and A alele (OR 1.44, 95%CI 1.11-2.18; P=0.028) were the independent risk factors for ischemic stroke. GA+AA genotype (OR 1.73, 95%CI 1.18-2.55; P<0.001) and GA genotype (OR 1.67, 95%CI 1.13-2.48; P<0.001) w ere the independent risk factors for LAA, and they w ere not significantly independent correlated w ith SAO. Conclusions The serum Lp-PLA2 levels increased in patients w ith ischemic stroke, and they increased most significantly in the LAA group. The R92H gene polymorphism might be associated w ith the susceptibility of ischemic stroke in a Chinese Han population of Shandong province.

[ Abstract] Vitamin D is a steroid derivative. It has the effect of regulating calcium -phosphorus metabolism. With the development of medicine, the effects of vitamin D in other respects, such as regulation of blood pressure, blood glucose, nerve protection, and immunity have received more and more attention. A lot of research show s that the level of vitamin D is closely associated w ith the onset and outcome of ischemic stroke. In addition, some researchers explored the relationship betw een vitamin D and stroke from the genetic perspective. How ever, the existing research results are not consistent. The link betw een vitamin D and ischemic stroke is not clear. This article review s the correlation studies of the relationship among vitamin D and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism, the onset of ischemic stroke, outcomes and risk factors in recent years.

Objective To study the telomerase activity in the tissue adjacent to bladder cancer and to investigate its clinical significance. Methods Telomerase activity was detected with telomeric repeat amplification PCR (TRAP) assay. The telomerase activity in the tissue adjacent to bladder cancer was evaluated. Results Telomerase activity was positive in the tissue samples adjacent to bladder cancer in 10 of the 24 cases(42%). Telomerase activity in the adjacent tissue has been related with the tumour grades and stages. The tumour recurrence was also related with the telomerase activity in the adjacent tissue. Conclusions The detection of telomerase activity in the tissue adjacent to bladder cancer could be a prognostic marker for bladder tumor recurrence.

Objective To evaluate the manifestations of glenohumeral instability on CT arthrography.Methods 16 cases of glenohumeral instability were examined both by CT arthrography and arthroscopy and to analyze the manifestations on CT arthrography.Results Intraarticular injury included labral tear, capsular stripping or laxity, anterior glenoid fracture and lateral posterior humeral head impacted fracture.Conclusion Shoulder arthrography has good contrast, and because the imaging no overlaps, can clearly show the intraarticular injures. It is a good examine method of glenohumeral instability.

Objective To observe the effects of PTD-hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) induced murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) maturation on T lymphocyte proliferation in vitro.Methods Bone marrow derived DCs isolated from BALB/c mice were cultured with recombinant granu|ocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) and recombinant interleutin-4 (rIL-4)for 5 days.Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a,HBcAg and PTD-HBcAg were added to induce DCs maturation.The distribution and localization of intracellular immunofluorescence were observed by confocal microscopy,and DCs phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry.The level of IL-12 p70 in the supernatant was detected by enzyme linked immunosorhent assay (ELISA).The proliferation of T lymphocytes was performed by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8).All data were analyzed using t test.Results DCs were cultured and identified successfully.Recombinant PTD-HBcAg could penetrate into DCs cytoplasm while recombinant HBcAg was detected on the surface of cells.DCs surface molecules,such as CD80,CD86 and major histocompability complex (MHC) II were upregulated by PTDHBcAg;IL-12 p70 levels induced by 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L recombinant PTD-HBcAg were (142.50±18.31) ng/L and (124.30±15.12) ng/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those induced by recombinant HBcAg [(42.31±4.21 ) ng/L,t = 9.234 and 9.045,respectively,P＜0.05].The proliferation of T lymphocytes induced by PTD-HBcAg was much higher than that in HBcAg group or positive control TNF-a group.Conclusions PTD-HBcAg could penetrate membrane of DCs and promote the differentiation and maturation of DCs.PTD-HBcAg could up-regulate the expressions of costimulatory molecules on cell surface of DCs,and enhance the ability of DCs on stimulating T lymphocytes proliferation and IL-12 p70 production.

Objective To investigate the relationship between osteoprotegerin ( OPG ) gene polymorphisms and ischemic stroke etiological subtypes, as well as the extent and distribution of cerebral atherosclerosis ( AS) lesions.Methods Patients with ischemic stroke included 285 cases of large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA), 91 cases of small-artery occlusion (SAO) and 42 cases of purely AS, and 165 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.The LAA group was respectively divided into 3 subgroups according to the number and the distribution of stenostic vessels.Genotyping of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs;rs2073617, rs3134069, and rs3102735) in the promoter region of the OPG gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results Regarding the three SNPs of OPG gene, the frequence of genotype CC/CT and the prevalence of allele C of rs3102735 were higher in the LAA group contrasting with the control group ( 24.04% vs 14.85%, 44.21% vs 27.88%,χ2 =10.758, 11.804, P =0.001,0.024).However, comparisons of other frequences of genotypes or alleles did not reveal any significant differences among the LAA group, the SAO group, the AS group and the control group, as well as among different subgroups of LAA group.Haplotype analysis revealed that the frequencies of haplotype C-C-T in LAA group and SAO group were significantly lower ( 0.023, 0.017 vs 0.068,χ2 =10.399, 5.841,P=0.001, 0.016), while that of haplotype T-A-C was significantly higher in SAO group(0.043 vs 0.016,χ2 =4.708, P=0.030) compared with controls.Conclusions Our findings indicate that OPG gene polymorphisms might be associated with increased susceptibility to LAA ischemic stroke.But we fail to show association of OPG gene with the extent and distribution of AS.

OBJECTIVE:To explore clinical pharmacists participating in anti-infection therapy in intensive care unit(ICU).METHODS:The typical cases of clinical pharmacists participating in anti-infection treatment in ICU were analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists developed pharmaceutical care for anti-infection treatment in ICU and helped physicians to design individualized dosage regimen.It can improve the safety and effectiveness of antimcrobials in ICU patients and reflect the role of clinical pharmacists in rational use of drug.

OBJECTIVE To study the drug-resistance of commonly encountered pathogens and the manifestations of irrational use of antibiotics,in order to provide the gist for clinical therapy.METHODS The retrospective analysis on the drug-resistance of commonly encountered pathogens that isolated from clinical samples and records of(irrational) use of antibiotics from Jan 2004 to Jon 2005 were carried out.RESULTS Among 870 isolates,the first five kinds of pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(17.47%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(9.66%),Acinetobacter baumannii(8.85%),Escherichia coli(7.36%)and Candida albicans(11.95%).They had resistance to the commonly used(antibiotics) in various degrees.In 4 462 records,there were 659 records of irrational use of (antibiotics),occupied 14.77%.CONCLUSIONS It is important that to strengthen the management of antibiotics(usage) and institutions in hospitals,to inform doctor the drug-resistance trend,based on the result of drug(sensitivity) test,in order to use antibiotics more rationally and reduce the appearance of drug-resistant bacteria.

0bjective To observe the cell membrane penetration of protein transduction domain (PTD)-HBeAg fusion protein in vitro.Methods The sequence of trans-activator of transcription (Tat)-PTD was synthesized and the whole HBcAg gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Overlap extension PCR was employed to fuse Tat-PTD and whole HBcAg gene.Then the fusion gene was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pMAL-c2X.The correct vector was transformed into E.coli Rosetta-gamiTM 2(DE3),and the protein was induced by isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside(IPTG).Western blot was used tO identify the protein. Furthermore,the fusion protein PTD-HBcAg was purified by affinity chromatography.HBcAg protein expressed using the same methods was employed as eontr0l.The purified protein was added tO HuH-7 cell culture,then the transduction of PTD-HBcAg and HBcAg in cells were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA).Results The fusion protein was effectively expressed in E. Coli and purified by affinity chromatography.Both purified PTD-HBcAg and HBcAg could be recognized by HBeAg monoclonal antibody in Western blot analysis.IFA visualization showed that PTD-HBeAg could be introduced into HUH-7 ceils while HBcAg only could not be detected in cells.Conclusions PTD-HBcAg fusion protein can be expressed effectively and purified in prokaryotic expression system.PTD could mediate HBcAg penetrating eell membrane into the cells.

Objective To explore the effect and safety of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) m combination with nimotuzumab and chemotherapy in treatment patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods 60 patients with stages Ⅲ-ⅣA nasopharyngeal carcinoma were enrolled.All patients were treated with 3D-CRT and concurrent and sequential chemotherapy by paclitaxel and eisplatin and given nimotuzumab 100mg i.v.weekly for 6 ～ 7 weeks before radiotherapy.Results After two months,the complete response rates(CR) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and cervix lymph nodes were 98.3％,96.7％ respectively,l-year locoregional control and distant metastasis-free survival rates were 100％,96.7％ in 38 patients.2-year,3-year locoregional control and distant metastasis-free survival rates were 100％ in 16 patients and 8 patients.The major side effects included oral mucositis,actinodermatitis,neutropenia,nausea,vomiting,and fatigue.Grade 3 acute oral mucositis often occured.No skin rash or allergic toxicities appeared.All the effects were tolerable.Conclusion 3D-CRT combined with nimotuzumab and peclitaxel and cisplatin chemotherapy may improve the complete response rate and locoregional control and distant metastasis-free survival rate on locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma,with mild to moderate side effects.