Objective To study the different effects of hypertensive putamen hemorrhage with two different treatments of decompressive craniotomy and small bone window(keyhole) surgery. Methods Retrospective analysis of 120 cases of hypertensive putamen hemorrhage in patients with operation data was carried out. They were randomly divided into two groups according to the different surgical procedure, and then compared the incidence of postoperative complications, close and long-term effects and so on. Results There was no significant difference in early complication rate and postoperative GOS score after a week between two groups(P＞0.05). The difference was significant between two groups in close and long-term effects (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Small bone window (keyhole)surgery had characteristics such as surgical time-saving ,less damage and more rapid recovery with removal of hematoma, and made played a significant role in promoting the recovery of close and long-term effects with patients.

Objective To evaluate retrospectively the efficacy of cistema magna plastic repair in the treatment of Chiari malformation complicated with syringomyelia Methods Fifty-one patients suffered from Chiari malformation complicated with syringomyelia were treated in our department from May 2004 to October 2009. Seventeen patients received cistema magna plastic repairment (the decompression of posterior cranial fossa, duraplastic repair,resection of hernia below cerebellar tonsil and separation of adherence of arachnoid membrane). Results Clinical symptoms disappeared or improved in 15 cases (effective rate of 90%). MRI showed tonsillar herniation disappeared,syringomyelia narrow. MRI showed cistema magna plastic repair, syringomyelia disappeared or significantly thinned and spinal cord subarachnoid space widened. Effective treatment obtained in 12 cases (effective rate 70%). Conclusions The efficiency of Cistern magna plastic repair treating Chiari malformation with syringomyelia is satisfied.

Objective To summarize efficacy of surgical treatment of acute extradural hematoma. Methods The clinical data of 67 acute extradural hematoma(combined skull fracture) surgery cases were retrospectively analyzed from January 2006 to December 2009. Results Cerebral hernia and the time from the formation of cerebral hernia to operation affacted the prognosis of acute extradural hematoma severely. It was controversial that removal of skull bone or not after cerebral hernia. Conclusions The timely diagnosis and operation of acute extradural hematoma was positive correlation to the prognosis. The simple removal of skull bone impacted limitedly on the prognosis of patients with GCS 3.

Chronic inflammation has been demonstrated closely related to the tumor progression.Tumorassociated macrophage,as the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment,is a key element that links inflammation and cancer.Recently,studies found that the phenomenon and function of tumor-associated macrophage almost tend to M2 type macrophage.As an important indicator,tumor-associated macrophage usually predicts the poor progress with the cancer development.In China,Most of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are associated with chronic viral infection.A large number of macrophages in the liver infiltrated in chronic inflammation,which are differentiated by variety of mechanisms under the chronic inflammatory stimulation,promote the development of liver cancer.In this paper,we will review the tumor-associated macrophages and the development of liver cancer.

The lymphonodus cervicothoracious and lumbaris of 19 Pekin ducks were studied using the histological methods. The lymph nodes are consisted of the capsule, loose areas, and dense areas. There are lymphatic tissue cords, connective tissue cords and intercord lymph sinus and lymphatic nodules also in the loose areas. The dense area are consisted of lymphatic nodules and mass of lymphoid cells. The lymphatic nodules are irregularly distributed and no germinal centers. The lymph sinuses may be classified into the central sinus and peripheral sinus. The latter may be subdivided into subcapsule sinus, paralymphonodular sinus and the intercord lymph sinus. There are reticular cells in the intercord lymph sinus. No true trabeculae are present but there are many blood vessels and nerves in the lymph nodules.

objective: To evaluate the effect of Quad Helix appliance in expanding narrow dental arch. Methods: 12 cases were treated by Quad Helix appliance. The effect was evaluated by measurement of the dental arch. Results: The dental arch of all the patients was expanded in half a year.The width between the maxillary first molars increased by 8.95 mm, and the width between maxillary first premolars increased by 5.7 mm. The average time of expanding was 20.75 weeks, the expanding efficiency was 0.43 mm per week. Conclusion: Quad Helix is an effective orthodontic appliance for correction of narrow dental arch.

To study the clinical application of molecular diagnosis in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL),the polymerase chain reaction Was used to detect the rearrangements of T-cell receptor (TCR)gene in 60 patients with cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrates.The result showed that dominant clonal TCR-? or ? gene rearrangements were detected in 36/40 CTCL,4/6 suspected mycosis fun- goldes/S?zary syndrome,1/1 lymphomatoid papulosis.No dominant clonal TCR-? or ? gene rearrange- ments were detected in 2 patients with CBCL,1 patient with lymphocytoma cutis,8 patient with benign lymphocytic infiltrates of skin and 2 normal controls.This study demonstrates that the method is help- ful for the lineage determination,clonality and early diagnosis of CTCL.

Objective To discuss the safety and feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy ( SILA ) . Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of patients diagnosed as having appendicitis by clinical manifestations , ultrasound or computer tomography at our department from June 2009 to December 2014.There were 189 cases of transumbilical SILA ( transumbilical group ) and 123 cases of traditional three-port laparoscopic appendectomy ( three-port group ) .Patients with incomplete records, combination with other surgery , pregnancy appendicitis , acute appendicitis over 72 hours were excluded .Intraoperative and postoperative data of two groups were compared . Results No conversion to open surgery was required in both groups .The operation time, postoperative exhaust time , and postoperative hospital stay had no significant differences between the transumbilical group and the three-port group [(45.5 ±12.7) min vs.(46.3 ±17.8) min, t=-0.461, P=0.650; (1.4 ±0.5) d vs.(1.5 ±0.6) d, t=-1.588, P=0.112;(3.8 ±1.6) d vs.(4.1 ±1.9) d, t=-1.554, P=0.121].The cosmetic scores at 3 months after surgery was higher in the transumbilical group than that in the three-port group [(4.5 ±0.6) points vs.(4.2 ±0.5) points, t=4.585, P=0.000].No significant differences were identified in the incidence of complications and pathological types between the two groups . Conclusion SILA is technically feasible and safe with better cosmetic effects .

[ Abstract] Vitamin D is a steroid derivative. It has the effect of regulating calcium -phosphorus metabolism. With the development of medicine, the effects of vitamin D in other respects, such as regulation of blood pressure, blood glucose, nerve protection, and immunity have received more and more attention. A lot of research show s that the level of vitamin D is closely associated w ith the onset and outcome of ischemic stroke. In addition, some researchers explored the relationship betw een vitamin D and stroke from the genetic perspective. How ever, the existing research results are not consistent. The link betw een vitamin D and ischemic stroke is not clear. This article review s the correlation studies of the relationship among vitamin D and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism, the onset of ischemic stroke, outcomes and risk factors in recent years.

Objective To study the effects of recombinant adenovirus vector containing vp3 gene (AdAFPvp3) on c57BL/6 murine hepatocellular carcinoma model. Methods The titers of adenovirus vectors AdAFPvp3 and AdCMV-eGFP were detected. c57BL/6 murine hepatocellular carcinoma models were reproduced by subcutaneous inoculation of murine Hepa1-6 cells, and tumors were monitored for their generation rates. Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into adenovirus vector AdAFPvp3 group, adenovirus vector AdCMV-eGFP control group and PBS control group (8 each) when the tumors grew into 5mm in diameter. AdAFPvp3 (5?108pfu/100?l), AdCMV-eGFP (5?108pfu/100?l) and PBS (100?l) was intratumorally injected, respectively, in the three groups every other day for 2 times. The volume of tumor and the presence of adverse effects were observed. Seven days after treatment, all mice were sacrificed for evaluation of antitumor effect. Tumors, livers and spleens were all harvested for routine pathological examination. At the same time, the way of tumor cell death induced by vp3 in vivo was identified by TUNEL. Results The titers of both adenovirus AdAFPvp3 and adenovirus AdCMV-eGFP were 5?109pfu/ml. The carcinogenesis rate of hepatocellular carcinoma was 100%. Compared with adenovirus AdCMV-eGFP control group and PBS control group, the volume of tumor was diminished evidently in AdAFPvp3 group after intratumoral injection (P