Objective: Angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare and heterogeneous entity and its overall incidence is reported as 0.04% of primary breast cancer and as 8% of breast sarcoma approximately. To retrospectively analyze the clinical features and prognosis of breast angiosarcoma, 13 patients were identified by mammary pathologists in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from October 1975 to June 2009. Methods:Kaplan-Meier method was carried out to analyze different tumor size, tumor margins and histological grade. Prognosis was tested with univariate analysis by Log-rank test. Results: Median and mean age at diagnosis were 48 years and 44 years, respectively. The duration of follow-up ranged from 7 to 98 months (median, 50 months). All patients underwent surgical excision. Two patients received chemotherapy. Eight patients succumbed to recurrence and distant metastasis. Conclusion:Angiosarcoma of the breast has an exceedingly poor prognosis. The median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 28 months and 45 months, respectively. Both tumor size and surgical margins were associated with prognosis (P<0.05). Patients with high histological grade had a tendency of short OS (P>0.05) and a high risk of recurrence and metastasis (P<0.05).

Objective To evaluate the quality of Semen Cassiae from different habitats objectively. Methods To determine the content of chryso-phanic according to ChP and establish HPLC fingerprints with the gradient elution solvent composed of acetonitrile and 1% HAC. A C18 column (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) was used, flow rate: 1 mL/min, detecting wavelength: 254 nm, and the column temperature: room temperature. The clustering analysis was carried out by SAS software according to the content of chrysophanic and similarity of HPLC fingerprints obtained by the software of similarity analysis. Results The established HPLC fingerprint has desirable precision, reproducibility, and stability. The content of chrysophanic and HPLC fingerprints of Semen Cassiae from various habitats are different, which differs from the habitats. The content range of chrysophanic in Semen Cassiae is 0.037%-0.170% and the similarity is 0.864-0.962. Conclusion The method indicates the difference of the chemical component in Semen Cassiae from various habitats and can be used as a quality control method for Semen Cassiae.

Objective:To explore the genetic susceptibility of MIF and MMPs family gene polymorphisms to ankylosing spon-dylitis(AS),as well as the correlation of gene-gene,gene-environment interactions in the pathogenesis of AS,and to find high risk factors of AS and screening of high-risk groups of AS.Methods:A total of 180 AS patients and 345 controls were included in this case-control study.Selected the tag SNPs of MIF and MMPs family genes(MIF rs2070767,MIF rs1007888,MMP1 rs498186,MMP2 rs243866,MMP3 rs591058,MMP8 rs11225395),then DNA was extracted and genotyped,and the relationship between genotype,allele distribution frequency,genetic model and the incidence of AS and the risk factors were further analyzed.Generalized multi-fac-tor dimensionality reduction method was used to analyze the correlation of the interaction between target genes and between genes and the environment and AS.The functional enrichment analysis and immune correlation analysis of MIF and MMPs were carried out.Re-sults:The genotype distribution frequency of the smallest alleles of MIF rs1007888,MMP1 rs498186,MMP8 rs11225395 were higher risks in AS group than in control group(P<0.05).GG genotype of MIFrs1007888,GG genotype of MMP1 rs498186,CT/TT genotype of MMP3 rs591058,and TT genotype of MMP8 rs11225395 were related to the risk of AS.Gene-gene interaction analysis found that MMP3 rs591058 and MMP8 rs11225395 interaction models were the best models.Gene-environment interaction analysis found that MIF rs2070767,MIF rs1007888,MMP1 rs498186,MMP2 rs243866,MMP3 rs591058,MMP8 rs11225395,smoking,drinking,and obesity interaction models were the best models.MIF and MMPs related genes were enriched in matrix metalloproteinases,macro-phage migration pathway and immune system regulation.Expression levels of MMPs were positively correlated with immune infiltra-tion.Conclusion:The single nucleotide polymorphisms of MIF and MMPs are related to the susceptibility to AS,and there is an inter-action between MIF and MMPs genes and the environment,which causes as through multiple biological processes,and may affect the process of as through immune infiltration.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) with metaphyseal expansion or non-expansion in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 349 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture, comprising 168 males and 181 females, aged 60-84 years [(73.5±8.6)years]. According to AO fracture classification, 108 patients were classified as type A1, 164 type A2, and 77 type A3. Of them, 168 patients received PFNA with metaphyseal expansion (expansion group), while 181 received PFNA with metaphyseal non-expansion (non-expansion group). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, recessive blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, total blood loss, intraoperative blood transfusion rate and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores preoperatively, at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively of the two groups were detected. The neck-shaft angle and tip-apex distance were measured preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and at 6 months postoperatively. Harris hip score was evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Additionally, time to weight-bearing ambulation, fracture healing time, and postoperative complication rate were compared between the two groups.Results:All the patients were followed up for 6-10 months [(7.8±1.2)months]. The operation time for the expansion group was (69.6±12.4)minutes, significantly longer than (65.3±11.5)minutes of the non-expansion group ( P<0.01). Intraoperative blood loss, recessive blood loss, postoperative drainage volume and total blood loss were (124.8±16.9)ml, (684.1±95.3)ml, (123.9±25.1)ml and (932.8±125.4)ml respectively, which were more than those of the non-expansion group [(96.3±12.6)ml, (623.4±87.4)ml, (110.6±29.7)ml, and (830.3±112.6)ml] ( P<0.01). The intraoperative blood transfusion rate was 50.0% (84/168), higher than 38.1% (69/181) of the non-expansion group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups before surgery, at 2 and 6 weeks after surgery ( P>0.05). The VAS scores of the two groups at 2 and 6 weeks after surgery were lower than those before surgery, and there were significantly lower scores at 6 weeks after surgery when compared with those at 2 weeks after surgery ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in neck-shaft angle and tip-apex distance of the two groups before surgery, immediately after surgery and at 6 months after surgery ( P>0.05). In both groups, the neck-shaft angle immediately after surgery and at 6 months after surgery decreased while the apex distance increased when compared with those before surgery ( P<0.05). Furthermore, significantly lower neck-shaft angle and larger apex distance were observed at 6 months after surgery when compared with those immediately after surgery ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in Harris hip scores at 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery between the two groups ( P>0.05). In both groups, the Harris hip scores at 3 and 6 months after surgery were higher than those at 1 month after surgery ( P<0.05) and the Harris hip scores at 6 months after surgery were higher than that those at 3 months after surgery ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in time to weight-bearing ambulation, fracture healing time and total postoperative complication rate between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:For the elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures, PFNA with proximal metaphyseal expansion or non-expansion is equally effective in shortening hospital stay, relieving pain, improving reduction quality, promoting hip function recovery and reducing complication rate. However, PFNA with non-expansion treatment can shorten the operation time, reduce intraoperative blood loss, recessive blood loss, postoperative drainage volume and total blood loss, and lower intraoperative blood transfusion rate.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation of polymorphisms of AF4/FMR2 family genes and IL-10 gene with genetic susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and identify the high-risk factors of AS. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted among 207 AS patients and 321 healthy individuals. The tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs340630, rs241084, rs10865035, rs1698105, and rs1800896 of the AF4/FMR2 family gene and IL-10 gene of the AS patients were genotyped, and the distribution frequencies of the genotypes and alleles were analyzed to explore the relationship between different genetic models and AS and the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. RESULTS: Gender ratio, smoking history, drinking history, hypertension, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein differed significantly between the case group and the control group (P < 0.05). The dominant model and recessive model of AFF1 rs340630, the recessive model of AFF3 rs10865035, and the recessive model of IL-10 rs1800896 were significantly different between the two groups (P=0.031, 0.010, 0.031, and 0.019, respectively). Gene-environment interaction analysis suggested that the interaction model incorporating AFF1 rs340630, AFF2 rs241084, AFF3 rs10865035, AFF4 rs1698105, IL-10 rs1800896, smoking history and drinking history was the best model. The genes related with AF4/FMR2 and IL-10 were enriched in the biological processes of AF4 super extension complex, interleukin family signal transduction, cytokine stimulation and apoptosis. The expression levels of AF4/FMR2 and IL-10 were positively correlated with immune infiltration (r > 0). CONCLUSION The SNPs of AF4/FMR2 and IL-10 genes are associated with the susceptibility to AS, and the interactions of AF4/FMR2 and IL-10 genes with the environmental factors contributes causes AS through immune infiltration.
Humans ; Case-Control Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Interleukin-10/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing/genetics* ; Transcriptional Elongation Factors/genetics* ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics*