Objective? To explore the effects of perioperative meticulous nursing in patients with video-assisted thoracoscope surgery. Methods? From January to December 2017, we selected 196 patients with video-assisted thoracoscope surgery at Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the patients were divided into observation group and control group with the method of random number table, 98 cases in each group. Control group received perioperative routine nursing. On the bases of routine nursing, observation group carried out perioperative meticulous nursing. We counted the related indexes of postoperative recovery and incidence of complications, evaluate the Visual Analogy Score (VAS) as well as quality of life among patients between two groups at different time points after surgery. Results? The times of out-of-bed activity, extubation of catheter, indwell time of chest tube, time of anal exhaust and hospital stay of observation group were shorter than those of control group with statistical differences (t=25.492, 10.205, 7.132, 23.087, 11.063; P＜ 0.01). The incidence of postoperative complications of observation group was 8.16% lower than that of control group with a statistical difference (χ2=10.531, P＜0.01). The scores of VAS at 2 and 48 hours after surgery of observation group were statistically lower than those of control group (t=15.717, 21.229; P＜0.01). The scores of physical functioning, role-physical, mental health and social functioning of observation group one week after surgery were higher than those of control group (t=8.321, 8.232, 9.761, 9.507;P＜0.01). Conclusions? Perioperative meticulous nursing can effectively reduce the postoperative complications of patients with video-assisted thoracoscope surgery and relieve patients' postoperative pain which makes for patients' postoperative recovery and improving quality of life.