ObjectiveTo investigate the effective method of preventing blood return when using nitroglycerin for patients with heart failure. Methods Using physiological saline solution or 5% glucose with nitroglycerin pumped into the same vein for patients at the same time, and then observed the condition of blood returning, recorded the critical drop-speed which can effective prevented blood return. Observed the influence of added solution on heart function of patients with heart failure. Results Pumped physiological saline solution or 5% glucose with nitroglycerin in the same time with the speed of 5ml/h can effective prevent the blood return, and the added solution can not influence the heart function for patients with heart failure significantly. Conclusion Pumped physiological saline solution or 5% glucose with nitroglycerin into the same vein at the same time can effective preventing the blood return, and the added solution can not influence the heart function for patients with heart failure significantly.

Objective To establish the reference ranges of preductal oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) for healthy neonates in 10 minutes after birth. Methods SpO2 and HR recordings of 203 term neonates (vaginal group:n=97 and ce-sarean group:n=106) with regular respiratory pattern were evaluated. 10th-95th percentile charts of SpO2 and HR from 1 minute to 10 minutes after birth were drawn. Results The SpO2 of P10, P50 and P95 at 1 minute after birth was 62%, 71%and 85%respec-tively. The heart rate of P10, P50 and P95 at 1 minute after birth was 66 bpm, 98 bpm and 126 bpm respectively. The median time for SpO2 to reach 90%was 5 minutes. The rising trend of HR was evident during 1-5 minutes after birth, and then the HR leveled off. Conclusions The status of newborn can be assessed using the charts of SpO2 and HR combined with clinical manifestations. The oxygen intervention should be used with care to avoid damage caused by hyperoxemia and hypoxemia.

Objective To study the effects of Schwann cell-derived neurotrophic factor(SDNF) on myoblast stem cells(called satellite cells,SCs) in vitro. Methods After setting up SCs culture system in vitro, SCs which treated with various SDNF concentrations culture medium were dynamically evaluated by cell morphology,MTT growth curve and fusion rate. Results The ability of SCs preceding their participation in muscle repair include proliferation and differentiation, 200 ng/ml SDNF stimulated cell proliferation more than the other medium,but 50 ng/ml,100 ng/ml,200 ng/ml,400 ng/ml SDNF made SCs differentiation significantly for their high myotube fusion rate. Conclusion SDNF can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of rat skeletal satellite cellsin vitro,but in differentiation significantly.SDNF might play a role in slowing down denervated muscle atrophy.

Abstract Vaccination is the most effective prevenative measure against infectious diseases. As guardians of minor children, parental attitudes have a decisive influence on children s vaccination. Therefore, it is very important to understand parental attitudes and preference towards the vaccination of minor children in COVID-19 for the successful implementation of vaccination. In this study, the current situation and associated factors of parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for children. It was found that parental vaccine hesitation was mainly influenced by factors related to parents, children, vaccination and information process. Parents should be guided to obtain information through authoritative channels and treat vaccination correctly. At the same time, medical staff should play an important role in health education, submit correct immunisation information, reduce vaccine hesitancy, and promote herd immunity.

Sarcopenia,also known as"oligomyositis""hypomyositis"and"muscle wasting",is an age-related geriatric syndrome characterized by decreased muscle mass,muscle strength and function decline.It can increase the risk of adverse out-comes such as physical disability,poor quality of life,and death.The pathogenic factors of sarcopenia mainly include older age,diseases,lack of exercise,malnutrition,etc.As one of the key factors affecting sarcopenia,the nutritional status of the body play an important role in the development of sarcopenia.Therefore,this paper reviews the role of nutrition in sarcopenia and nutritional interventions for patients with common chronic diseases combined with sarcopenia,aiming to provide a basis for the developing more scientific and rationalized nutritional intervention program for elderly patients with sarcopenia.

Objective:To explore combined detection of mad2 with anti-nuclear mitotic spindle apparatus antibody(MSA)and anti-centromere antibody(ACA)and their clinical value for the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer(SCLC).Methods:One hundred and twen-ty SCLC patients,110 non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients,and 115 pulmonary nodule(PN)patients were enrolled in this study. The expression of mad2 was analyzed by qt-PCR.MSA and ACA were detected by indirect immunofluorescence(IIF)staining.Results:mad2 was overexpressed in SCLC and NSCLC samples(P<0.05).There were significant differences between the results obtained for SCLC and NSCLC samples by qt-PCR(P<0.05).AUC in ROC curve for mad2 expression was 0.799 with an intermediate diagnostic value. In the correlative analysis,the odds ratio of MSA and ACA was 6.94 and 5.60,respectively.In the correlation analysis,Kappa value of mad2 with MSA was 0.49,and Kappa value of mad2 with ACA was 0.42.In the parallel analysis,the sensitivity and specificity was 83.31% and 79.34%,respectively,while the Youden Index was 0.62.Moreover,in the serial analysis,the sensitivity and specificity was 65.32% and 93.35%,respectively,and the Youden Index was 0.59.Conclusions:In comparison with the NSCLC and PN samples,mad2 was overexpressed in SCLC samples.Therefore,mad2 ought to play a critical role in the pathology of SCLC.The combined expression of mad2 with MSA and ACA may contribute to enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of detection;this expression may allow early diag-nosis and clinical diagnosis of SLCC and may be a promising treatment for SCLC.

Objective To explore the principal component analysis (PCA)-Logistic regression model in predicting hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in patients with craniocerebral injury, and find the influencing factors of mortality and HAP occurrence in patients with craniocerebral injury. Methods One hundred and eight patients with craniocerebral injury, admitted to our hospital from December 2011 to November 2017, were chosen in our hospital. Clinical diagnoses, 36 treatment indicators and laboratory results were constituted the original data set; 12 principal components with cumulative contribution>2/3 were extracted as independent variables, and mortality and HAP occurrence were as dependent variables to establish PCA-Logistic regression model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to forecast performance of PCA-R model. Results PCA-Logistic regression showed that 4 principal components had significant influence in mortality, and 5 principal components had significant influence in HAP outcomes. Open craniocerebral injury and coagulation changes were the clinical indexes with the highest coefficient when mortality was the outcome index. Gender and parenteral nutrition were the clinical indexes with the highest coefficient when HAP was outcome index. PCA-R model was able to identify the risk factors and forecast the clinical outcomes (HAP, sensitivity:83.9％, specificity: 94.8％, area under the curve [AUC]: 0.949; mortality, sensitivity: 92.3％, specificity:93.7％, AUC: 0.983). Conclusion PCA-Logistic regression model can effectively mine the clinical variables of patients with craniocerebral injury; insufficiency of blood perfusion after severe craniocerebral injury is an important factor affecting the survival of patients, and abnormal nutritional support may be an important clinical factor affecting the occurrence of HAP in patients.