Objective To explore the characteristics and applied value of diffusion-weighted MR imaging of kidney in healthy people.Methods Using Philips Gyroscan Intera 1.5T MR System,DWI of kidney was performed in 40 healthy adult volunteers,the ADCs of renal cortex and medulla were measured.Results The cortex and medulla of the normal kidney could be clearly showed by DWI.The ADCs of the cortex medulla and average were 3.08?0.52,2.74?0.68 and 2.91?0.58;2.79?0.51,2.53?0.65 and 2.63?0.62;2.64?0.43,2.32?0.47 and 2.48?0.44 when the b values were 300,500 and 800 s/mm2,respectively.The ADC was higher in the cortex than that in the medulla.Conclusion DWI can be used in kidney,it may be helpful for the diagnosis of renal diseases.

Patellar instability is a common cause of knee pain and a common disease of patellofemoral joint.It is one of the important etiological factors of chondromalacia patella or patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis.This paper investigates the pathological mechanism,sympton,physical examination and photographic of patellar instability.And the results showed that correct diagnosis lead to reasonable treatment.The emphasis of therapy is to restore the balance of soft tissue around palella.Combined orthopedic treatment is commonly used according to different age,different instability degrees,and pathological factors of different patients.

The impeller profile, which is one of the most important factors, determines the creation of shear stress which leads to blood hemolysis in the internal flow of centrifugal blood pump. The investigation of the internal flow field in centrifugal blood pump and the estimation of the hemolysis within different impeller profiles will provide information to improve the performance of centrifugal blood pump. The SST kappa-omega with low Reynolds correction was used in our laboratory to study the internal flow fields for four kinds of impellers of centrifugal blood pump. The flow fields included distributions of pressure field, velocity field and shear stress field. In addition, a fast numerical hemolysis approximation was adopted to calculate the normalized index of hemolysis (NIH). The results indicated that the pressure field distribution in all kinds of blood pump were reasonable, but for the log spiral impeller pump, the vortex and backflow were much lower than those of the other pumps, and the high shear stress zone was just about 0.004%, and the NIH was 0.0089.
Assisted Circulation ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Stress, Mechanical

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of combined single-access minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) and lithotripsy through flexible ureteroscope in the treatment of staghorn calculi.Methods Fifty-seven cases of renal staghom calculi underwent combined MPCNL and lithotripsy through flexible ureteroscope.The size of calculi was (2.7 cm×3.3 cm-3.8 cm × 5.2 cm),3.7 cm×4.1 cmon average.Results The success rate of stone fragmentation was 80.7% (46/57) after the first stage of operation,duration of which was 128 min on average.The average loss of blood was 80 mL (20 - 150 mL).Eleven patients with residual calculi in the middle and lower calyx were also underwent the second stage of operation after 5 - 7 days.The average operation duration of the second stage was 57 min and the total clearance rate was 93% (53/57).Four cases had a few of residual calculi with size of 0.4 - 0.8 cm and went on with the treatment of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL).Two cases were stone-free in the follow-up for 3 months.Conclusion MPCNL combined with with lithotripsy through flexible ureteroscope on the treatment of staghom calculi can decrease the therapeutic risk and complication,increase the rate of stone-free and safety.

To investigate the protective effects of Zuogui Pill (ZGP), a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on retina ganglion cells (RGCs) in rats after optical nerve clipping injury.

Objective To explore the immunophenotype features and folate receptor expression of blasts in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS).Methods Four-color flow cytometry using conventional and secondary gating strategies was used into analysis the immunophenotype features and folate receptor(FR) expression of blasts and CD+34 cells in bone marrow nucleated cells with MDS.The patients with acute myeloid leukemia-M2(AML-M2) were as positive control.Results with progression of MDS from RA/RAS,RAEB to RAEB-T,using conventional gating strategy,the proportion of CD+34 cells were gradually increased(P＜0.05).Moreover,the expression of HLA-DR,CDll7,CD13,CD33 were also gradually increased and the expression of CDl5 was gradually decreased(P＜0.05).Using secondary gating strategy,the expression of HLA-DR,CD117,CD13,CD33 on blasts were higher than those by conventional gating(P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference(P＞0.05) in the expression of above mentioned antigens on CD+34 cells among different MDS subtypes.On the other hand,there were no expression of FR on blasts and cD+34 cells with different MDS subtypes.Conclusion With progression of MDS,the antigens of blasts surface change into more immature immunophenotype of medullary system.But these antigens abnormal expression only illustrates the increase of ascendant malignant clone quantity,it can not reflect the nature of the disease.Using flow cytometry technique can not detect whether or not FR expression on the blasts with MDS.

Objective To investigate the imaging manifestations, clinical features and treatment of primary aggressive osteoblastoma (PAO)of the calcaneus.Methods The clinical data,imaging findings and treatment of PAO of the calcaneus in a young man retrospectively analyzed with literature review.The lesion was confirmed by pathology one and half years ago,and recurred after operation 10 months follow-up.Results X-ray and CT revealed expansive destruction of right calcaneus with little calcification or ossification,the bone destruction in the medial part of the calcaneus was obvious,the bone cortex was thin and incontinuous,there was no soft tissue mass or periosteal reaction.The talocalcaneal joint was not involved by the tumor.Neither other bones nor the root of Achilles' tendon showed direct tumor invasion or metastasis but neighboring swelling existed.Conclusion There are no significant differences about imaging manifestations, clinical features and laboratory analyses between primary aggressive and benign osteoblastoma of the calcaneus.The accurate diagnosis of PAO is only depending on pathology.The therapeutic effect with pure curettage and bone grafting for the lesion is not fine and tends to recur and malignant change.

Objective To analyze CT morphologic features and pathologic changes of pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) and to improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy of PSP.Methods The clinical and CT data of 12 cases with PSP (with total 13 lesions)confirmed by surgery and pathology were collected and analyzed retrospectively.All cases performed CT plain scan,9 cases had contrast CT scan.Results 1 1 cases had isolated lesions,and 1 case multiple lesions.The long-axis diameter ranged from 1.10 cm to 8.03 cm, with an average of (3.53±0.78)cm.Of 13 lesions,3 located in left lung (23.1%,1 in the upper lobes,2 in lower lobe),and 10 in right lung (76.9%,2 in upper lobe,2 in the middle lobe and 6 in lower lobe);8 lesions located in the lower lobe (61.5%),and 5 in upper and middle lobe (38.5%).There were center type of 4 lesions (30.8%),and peripheral type of 9 lesions (69.2%);The shapes of 8 lesions wereovoid or similar round (61.5%),irregular type of 1 case (7.7%),shallow lobe of 4 cases (30.8%);Smooth edge of 10 cases (76.9%), burr edge in 3 cases (23.1%).With contrast CT scan,7 cases (53.8%)had vascular welt sign,6 cases (46.2%)had air crescent sign,6 cases (46.2%)had halo sign,and 6 cases (46.2%)had tail sign.3 lesions (23.1%)had scattered spot calcification,and the other lesions had uniform density.The CT value ranged from 28 HU to 47 HU,with the average of 35 HU;Of 9 cases (with 10 lesions)with contrast CT scan,2 lesions had mild enhancement,5 cases had obvious enhancement,and 3 case had non-uniform enhancement.Enhanced CT value was 60-1 10 HU,with the average of 77.2 HU,and with the maximum of 75 HU.Conclusion If the pulmonary nodules or masses in middle-aged females had single round or ovoid shape,with about 3 cm diameters,soft-tissue density,smooth edge,and with obvious enhancement after contrast CT scan,and accompanied by vascular welt sign,air crescent sign,halo sign,or tail sign, the diagnosis of PSP should be considered.

Objective To explore CT and MR manifestations and its diagnostic value of liver cystic lesions.Methods The clinical and imaging data of 78 cases with liver cystic lesions were collected,including 21 cases of inflammatory cystic lesions,30 cases of tumor cystic degeneration and 27 cass of congenital growth cysts.Results The detected rate of liver cystic lesions with CT and MRI was all 100%.For inflammatory cystic lesions,tumor cystic degeneration and growth cyst,CT diagnostic accurate rate was 76%,90% and 93%,respectively,and MR was 83%,93% and 100% respectively.CT and MR manifestations:Of all inflammatory cystic lesions,hepatic abscess and liver echinococcosis cyst appeared as cystic occupying lesion,the cysts were of tension,low-density band on CT or water-like signal intensity on MR around the lesions in hepatic abscesses.Liver echinococcosis cysts were of big cyst with small cyst sign and enhanced moderately in cystic wall post contrast-enhanced scan.The metastasis cystic tumors showed single or multiple cystic lesions and mild or moderate circular enhancement.The primary liver tumor's cystc degenerative lesions showed cyst-solid lesions on CT and MR,and were of enhanced manifestations of the primary tumors.Growth cysts were single or multiple low-density or water-like signal intensity,generally there was not enhanced.Conclusion CT and MR have great diagnostic value for the location and nature of cystic lesions.

Objective To improve recognition and diagnosis of primary non-obstructive megaureter.Methods The authors analyzed the X-ray findings of intravenous urography and B-ultrasonographic manifestations of 28 cases with primary non-obstructive megaureter proved by varied examinations and operations.Results The X-ray and B-ultrasonographic manifestations as follows:in the terminal ureter,there was a short segment,less than 3 cm in length,with normal caliber but adynamic to micturition and the ureter proximal to the adynamic segment was secondarily dilated remarkably.The terminal end of the dilated ureter appeared as drumstick shaped,spindle-shaped,snakehead shaped or rattail shaped.On right time fluoroscopy and B-ultrasonographic observation,a decrease of peristalsis frequency,increase of peristalsis range,interrupted downward convey of peristalsis wave could be noted.Conclusion The contrast urography is the main method,B-ultrasonography and cyctocopy are helpful for the diagnosis of primary non-obstructive megaureter.