Objective To study the protective effects of ?-asarone on PC12 cells damage induced by Glutamate. Method The effects of ?-asarone on PC12 cells after Glutamate intoxication on morphology, extent of damage, livability, intracellular calcium concentration and apoptosis ratio were observed. Result Morphological changes, LDH leakage and intracellular calcium concentration increasing, and cell survival decreasing were observed in PC12 cells exposured to Glutamate. 7.5, 15, 30 ?g/mL?-asarone can increase cell survival, decrease LDH leakage. 15, 30 ?g/mL ?-asarone can reduce intracellular calcium concentration and apoptosis ratio. Conclusion ?-asarone prevents the toxicity of Glutamate, and it maybe attribute to its effect of anticalcium.

Objective To observe the protective effect of?-asarone,the active components from Rhizoma Acori Tarinowii,on human umbilical venous endothelial cell strain ECV304 injury induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)and to investigate its influence on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC). Methods The well-grown ECV304 cells were randomized into 5 groups:normal group,control group,high-, middle-and low-dose?-asarone groups.Except the normal group,ECV in the other groups were co-cultured with ox-LDL 25?g/mL,and the?-asarone groups were additionally with?-asarone 30,15 and 7.5?g/mL added respectively.Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptotic rate and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)of ECV304 as well as the proliferation index and the DNA content in different cell phases of VSMC. Results In the model group,the apoptotic rate of ECV was increased,MMP was decreased,and VSMC proliferation was promoted(P

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Guiqiyiyuan Ointment (GO) for preventing and treating 12C6+ beam radiation induced lung and kidney bystander effect to provide a new strategy for prevention and treatment of clinical radiation injury. Methods Sixty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups: NC group, SR group (simple radiation 2ml/kg), GO group(GO 2ml/kg intragastric administration for 7 days). The right side of the lung was modeled by 12C6+beam radiation. After modeling, the rats were killed at 48h. The left lung, left and right kidney tissues were taken from the rats. The DNA methylation rate was detected by ELISA assay, pathological changes were observed by HE staining, and the expressions of Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the NC group, the level of DNA methylation was decreased significantly (P<0.01), the left lung showed inflammation, no abnormal finding was seen in the left and right kidneys, and the expressions of Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b were significantly increased in the SR group (P<0.01). Compared with the SR group, the level of DNA methylation was increased significantly (P<0.01), the left lung inflammation became better, and the expressions of Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b were significantly decreased in the GO group (P<0.01). Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b proteins were expressed in the cytoplasms of bronchial and renal tubular epithelial cells in all the groups. The NC group presented as light brown-brown staining, showing a weak positive expression, the SR group as brown-brown staining, showing astrong positive expression, and the GO group as light brown-brown staining, showing a moderate positive expression. Conclusion The GO can reduce the bystander effect caused by 12C6+ beam radiation, and its mechanism is related to improving the level of DNA methylation.

Atherosclerosis is a common pathological change in cardiovascular disease. Vascular smooth muscle cell is the main source of plaque cell and extracellular matrix, and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor regulating the function of vascular smooth muscle cell. In the process of atherosclerosis, Nrf2 signaling pathway has the following regulatory effects on vascular smooth muscle cell: regulating the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cell to change to the direction conducive to the alleviation of disease progression; inhibiting the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cell; mitigating the level of blood lipid; alleviating vascular smooth muscle cell calcification, aging and apoptosis process. This article reviews the specific mechanisms of Nrf2 regulating atherosclerosis, such as phenotypic transformation, proliferation and migration, lipid metabolism, calcification, aging and apoptosis in atherosclerosis, in order to provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of atherosclerosis development and finding therapeutic targets.
Atherosclerosis ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction

Objective To improve the preparation method of rat model of acute myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury(MI/RI), to make a comprehensive evaluation and to lay a good model foundation for following MI/RI research. Methods Thirty-six clean grade Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal group without intervention of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), sham operation group with only wearing thread but no ligation of the coronary artery, and ischemia reperfusion group, with ligation of the LAD for 30 min and reperfusion for 120 min. Rats after anesthesia had continuous ECG recording, and tracheostomy for mechanical auxiliary ventilation. Thoracotomy and LAD intervention were carried out on the rats, and then the rat models were comprehensively evaluated by electrocardiography, detection of myocardial enzyme content, determination of the infarct size, and pathological examination of the myocardium. Results The electrocardiogram of the MI/RI group showed obvious ST-T dynamic changes. The level of CK-MB in the MI/RI group was significantly increased at 2 h after surgery. Compared with the sham group, the infarct size of the MI/RI group was significantly increased, with evident degeneration and necrosis of cardiomyocytes and extensive inflammatory cell infiltration in the myocardium. Conclusions The improved modeling method not only reduced the difficulties of operation, but has also successfully established the rat model of MI/RI, providing a good foundation for further MI/RI research.

The long-term efficacy and complications of implantable diaphragm pacer (IDP) in a child with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) in the Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center in September 2022 were retrospective analyzed.A male child had quadriplegia without an obvious cause at the age of 12 years, and he was then lived completely with the assistance of mechanical ventilation.At the age of 14 years, he could wean off the ventilator in unilateral diaphragmatic pacing mode.However, mechanical ventilation was re-given for months after 5 years due to pneumonia, and then the IDP was re-given with the self-felt decreased pacing effect.After hospitalization, the patient was examined with mild diaphragmatic atrophy, secondary flat chest, and mild scoliosis.After optimization of the transdiaphragmatic pacing threshold and rehabilitation, his respiratory function improved.IDP can be used in CSCI for long time, while flat chest and scoliosis that limited the expansion of the lungs should be considered.At the meantime, the increased abdominal spasm affected the abdominal compliance, leading to the decrease in the efficiency of the diaphragm.

Objective:To investigate the effect of automated nested multiplex PCR system in the detection of children with severe community-acquired pneumonia(CAP), and identify the pathogenic infection of the children with severe CAP in Foshan.Methods:Children with severe CAP, who were admitted to the PICU at Foshan First People′s Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018, were enrolled in the analysis.Nasopharyngeal secretions were collected.And automated nested multiplex PCR was used to detect adenovirus, coronavirus (HKUl type, NL63 type, 229E type, 0C43 type), human metapneumovirus, influenza A virus (H1 subtype, H1-2009 subtype, H3 subtype), influenza B virus, parainfluenza virus (type 1, type 2, type 3, type 4), respiratory syncytial virus, Bacillus pertussis, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumonia.Results:Among the 290 specimens detected by the automated nested multiplex PCR, 246(84.83%) were positive.There were 166 positive samples for a single pathogen, 60 positive samples for two pathogens, 17 positive samples for three pathogens, and three positive samples for four pathogens.Among the virus-positive cases, respiratory syncytial virus was the most common pathogen in children younger than 6 months(62.39%, 73/117). The most common pathogen was human rhinovirus/enterovirus(43.48%, 20/46) from seven months to one year old.Adenovirus(37.50%, 18/48) was the most common pathogen among children aged one to three years old.Rhinovirus/enterovirus(35.00%, 7/20) was the most common pathogen among children aged three to six years old.The most common pathogen in children over six years old was influenza virus(46.67%, 7/15). The adenovirus detection rate was highest in May, the syncytial virus detection rate was highest in August, and the influenza virus detection rate was highest in July.Mycoplasma pneumoniae and pertussis were distributed throughout the year.Conclusion:The automated nested multiplex PCR system can detect multiple pathogens efficiently, quickly and accurately; the common pathogens of severe CAP are diverse in different age groups; the epidemic season of common pathogens is unique in different regions due to different climates.

ObjectiveTo investigate the neurological outcome of children with dance-associated spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) and explore its related factors and predictive model. MethodsFrom July, 2012 to January, 2022, 75 children with dance-associated SCIWORA hospitalized in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were divided into improved group (n = 14) and non-improved group (n = 61) according to the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade a year later, and the related factors were analyzed. ResultsAll patients were girls aged four to ten years. Most of them were complete spinal cord injuries (52/75, 69%). The time of injury to rehabilitation (OR = 0.926, P = 0.046, 95%CI 0.858 to 0.999), the existing tendon reflex (OR = 46.915，P = 0.012, 95%CI 2.333 to 943.616) and muscle tension (OR = 8.932，P = 0.044，95%CI 1.063~75.067) were correlated with the AIS grade improvement. The combination of time of injury to rehabilitation, tendon reflex and muscle tone existing may predict the improvement of AIS (AUC = 0.953, P < 0.001，95%CI 0.878 to 0.989), the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 83.61%, respectively. ConclusionThe neurological outcome of children with dance-associated SCIWORA is poor. Rehabilitation training as soon as possible is beneficial to the neurological recovery. Tendon reflexe and muscle tone existing at admission are closely related to improvement of neurological outcome, which could be used as potential indicators.

Drug repurposing or repositioning has been well-known to refer to the therapeutic applications of a drug for another indication other than it was originally approved for. Repurposing non-oncology small-molecule drugs has been increasingly becoming an attractive approach to improve cancer therapy, with potentially lower overall costs and shorter timelines. Several non-oncology drugs approved by FDA have been recently reported to treat different types of human cancers, with the aid of some new emerging technologies, such as omics sequencing and artificial intelligence to overcome the bottleneck of drug repurposing. Therefore, in this review, we focus on summarizing the therapeutic potential of non-oncology drugs, including cardiovascular drugs, microbiological drugs, small-molecule antibiotics, anti-viral drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-neurodegenerative drugs, antipsychotic drugs, antidepressants, and other drugs in human cancers. We also discuss their novel potential targets and relevant signaling pathways of these old non-oncology drugs in cancer therapies. Taken together, these inspiring findings will shed new light on repurposing more non-oncology small-molecule drugs with their intricate molecular mechanisms for future cancer drug discovery.