Objective To investigate the effects of inducible hypothermia on expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) and small heterodimer partner (SHP) in rat model of hemorrhagic shock.Methods SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into three groups:control (C),normothermia (N) and hypothermia (H).Exsanguination was carried out in rats by continuously drawing out venous blood (25 mL/kg) over 15 minutes to establish hemorrhagic shock model.Then,rectal temperatures of rats were maintained by body surface cooling to 32℃ in H group and by body surface warming to 38℃ in N group,respectively.After a shock period of 60 minutes,rats received the infusion of whole blood of their own and lactated Ringer's solution (1 ∶ 2) treatment for 60 min.Rats were warmed to 38℃ by body surface warming and monitored for 3 h after resuscitation.Hematocrit (Hct),base excess (BE),lactate (Lac),and glucose (Glu) were recorded before modeling and after different lengths of hemorrhagic shock period (HSP).The expressions of PGC-1 mRNA and SHP mRNA and the levels of their protein in liver were tested by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting,respectively.Results The H group had lower lactate levels and higher BElevels than the N group [(6.3±2.1) vs.(10.4±1.5) and (-4.7±2.5) vs.(-9.0±3.2)] (P＜ 0.05).At 72 hours after modeling,there were four survivors in the N group and seven survivors in the H group (P ＜ 0.05,Log Rank).The expressions of PGC-1 mRNA and SHP mRNA increased in N group.Hypothermia resuscitation down-regulated PGC-1 mRNA expression,meanwhile,increased expression of SHP mRNA.Both Hypothermia and Normothermia resuscitation increased SHP protein levels,but decreased PGC-1 protein levels.Conclusions Inducible hypothermia ameliorated acidosis and energy metabolism imbalance through adaptive regulation in PGC-1 and SHP.

Objective To discuss the effects of Radix Hedysari flavonoids on microvessel density (MVD) of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis model rats, and provide evidence for its development. Methods SPF Wistar rats were divided into blank group, model group, prednisone group, and Radix Hedysari flavonoids high-, medium- and low-dosage group. Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis model was established by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. From the second day after model established, each drug treatment group was administered with corresponding drugs intragastrically at different points in time for 14 and 28 days. MVD was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Neomicrovessel was increased significantly in pulmonary tissue of model rats of 14 days treatment, but slightly decreased in 28 days. MVD in 14, 28 days model group was significantly more than blank group (P<0.01). MVD in 14, 28 days Radix Hedysari flavonoids high dosage group was significantly less than model group (P<0.01). MVD in Radix Hedysari flavonoids medium-dosage group was between high-and low-dosage group, and MVD in medium-dosage group was similar with that in model group. Conclusion Radix Hedysari flavonoids could inhibit the formation of neomicrovessel in a dose dependent manner.

AIM: To study the therapeutic effects and the related mechanism of Pingchuanling(PCL) on bronchial asthma in rats. METHODS: The rats asthma model was established by ovalbumin(OVA) sensitization.The SD rats were divided into the normal control group,asthma model group,dexamethasone group,low and higher dose of PCL group.Eos in serum and BALF were taken count of and tissue slice dyed with HE were observed.In addition Fas,Bcl-2 expression in lung tissue were examined by immunotisssuchemical technology. RESULTS: Eos count in serum and BALF of asthma model group were increased significantly as compared with that in normal animals.Asthma induced delitescence also were shorten obviously,the differences between the groups were all significant(P

Objective To explore the network structure of anxiety,depression and sleep among individuals under long-term high-altitude exposure.Methods A total of 303 subjects who had resided at high altitudes for more than 6 months on end were selected.The insomnia severity index(ISI),patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9),and generalized anxiety disorder scale(GAD-7)were employed to assess insomnia,depression and anxiety before network analysis was conducted to identify the central and bridge nodes in the symptom network.Results The incidence of moderate or severe depression,anxiety and insomnia were 38.9％[95％confidence interval(CI):33.4％-44.5％],23.1％(95％CI:18.3％-27.9％),and 18.5％(95％CI:14.1％-22.9％),respectively."Noticeability of sleep problems by others"had the highest expected influence centrality,followed by"sleep maintenance""uncontrollable worry""restlessness"and"sleep problems".Five bridge symptoms were identified:"sad mood""sleep problems""restlessness""feeling afraid"and"trouble relaxing".Conclusion Sleep-related symptoms play a crucial role in the overall network structure,serving as both central and bridge nodes.Additionally,the"feeling down or depressed"acts as a bridge node and holds importance in the comorbidity network of anxiety and depression.Targeting these key symptoms through intervention and prevention strategies may improve the psychological well-being of individuals with long-term residence in high-altitude regions.

Objective:To analyze the effect of different vascular access on the outcome in peripheral blood stem cells collection by a network Meta-analysis, and to provide a reference for clinical medical staff to select the best vascular access.Methods:A systematic search was carried out in Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, from inception until April 15, 2023. Two researchers independently screened literature and extracted data. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed using R4.2.2 and Addis-1.16.6 softwares.Results:A total 7 pieces of research were included, 5 vascular access methods were peripheral artery, peripheral vein, artery-vein, femoral vein-central venous catheter (FV-CVC), and internal jugular vein-CVC (IJV-CVC). The results showed that compared with the peripheral veins, there was no significant difference on CD34 cells between other vascular accesses in the primary outcome measure when collected peripheral blood stem cell collection. On the single blood volume treatment time, peripheral vein and IJV-CVC were statistically significant ( MD = 14.80, 95% CI 2.70-22.38, P<0.05) . The SUCRA ranking probability chart showed that on CD34 cells, FV- CVC>IJV-CVC>artery-vein>peripheral artery>peripheral vein access; for a single blood volume treatment time and monocyte number, peripheral artery was superior and the next was peripheral vein. Conclusions:Current evidence suggested that Peripheral artery may be the best vascular access in peripheral blood stem cells collection, which opens a new way to establish the vascular access for peripheral blood stem cells collection, but it needs to be confirmed by large clinic trials.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of the combination of total saponin of Astragali Radix-total alkaloids of Nelumbinis Folium on reversal cholesterol transport （RCT） in hyperlipidemia rats， and to discuss its mechanism. MethodSixty SD rats were randomly divided into control group， high-fat diet group， total saponin of Astragali Radix-total alkaloids of Nelumbinis Folium low （17 mg·kg^-1+40 mg·kg^-1）， middle （34 mg·kg^-1+80 mg·kg^-1）， high dose （68 mg·kg^-1+160 mg·kg^-1） groups and simvastatin （2.1 mg·kg^-1） group， with 10 mice in each group. The Hyperlipidemia model was duplicated by feeding rats with a high-fat diet for 6 weeks. From the 3rd week， except for the control group and the high-fat diet group given distilled water， other groups were given corresponding drugs intragastric treatment for 4 weeks. The changes in blood lipid and liver function of rats were detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and oil red O staining were used to observe the pathological morphological changes and steatosis of rat liver tissue. The contents of total cholesterol （TC） and total bile acid （TBA） in rat liver tissue and feces were determined by a semi-automatic biochemical analyzer. The mRNA and protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors γ （PPARγ）， liver X receptors α （LXRα）， ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 （ABCG1） and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase （CYP7A1） in rat liver tissue were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot. ResultCompared with the control group， the contents or activities of TC， triglyceride （TG）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， TBA， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT） in serum were significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the contents of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） in the high-fat diet group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The hepatocyte was clearly swollen like ballooning degeneration， with a lot of fat vacuoles and red fat droplets. The contents of TC and TBA in liver tissue and feces were significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARγ， LXRα， ABCG1， and CYP7A1 in liver tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with the high-fat diet group， the contents or activities of TC， TG， LDL-C， TBA， AST， and ALT in the serum of rats in administered groups were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while the content of HDL-C was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Hepatocyte swelling was significantly reduced， and the ballooning degeneration， fat vacuoles， and red lipid droplets in liver tissue were significantly decreased. The contents of TC and TBA in liver tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the contents of TC and TBA in feces were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARγ， LXRα， ABCG1， and CYP7A1 in liver tissue were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionTotal saponin of Astragali Radix-total alkaloids of Nelumbinis Folium has a positive effect on the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia rats， and its mechanism may be related to the activation of PPARγ/LXRα/ABCG1 signaling pathway and regulation of RCT.

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis is a rare disease characterized by the abnormal proliferation of pulmonary lymphatic smooth muscle cells. It is common in women and often accompanied by recurrent pneumothorax, chylothorax and progressive dyspnea, imaging characterized by diffuse cystic lesions in both lungs. Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis progresses aggressively and has a very poor prognosis, with a lack of effective medical treatment options in the advanced stages. Lung transplantation is a safe and effective method for the treatment of advanced pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis, which may significantly improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients. The median survival period after surgery can reach 12 years. This article reviews the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis, and the current status and existing problems of lung transplantation in pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical treatment and subsequent research of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the finite element model of varus-type ankle arthritis and to implement the finite element mechanical analysis of different correction models for tibial anterior surface angle (TAS) in supramalleolar osteotomy. METHODS: A female patient with left varus-type ankle arthritis (Takakura stage Ⅱ, TAS 78°) was taken as the study object. Based on the CT data, the three-dimensional model of varus-type ankle arthritis (TAS 78°) and different TAS correction models [normal (TAS 89°), 5° valgus (TAS 94°), and 10° valgus (TAS 99°)] were created by software Mimics 21.0, Geomagic Wrap 2021, Solidworks 2017, and Workbench 17.0. The 290 N vertical downward force was applied to the upper surface of the tibia and 60 N vertical downward force to the upper surface of the fibula. Von Mises stress distribution and stress peak were calculated. RESULTS: The finite element model of normal TAS was basically consistent with biomechanics of the foot. According to biomechanical analysis, the maximum stress of the varus model appeared in the medial tibiotalar joint surface and the medial part of the top tibiotalar joint surface. The stress distribution of talofibular joint surface and the lateral part of the top tibiotalar joint surface were uniform. In the normal model, the stress distributions of the talofibular joint surface and the tibiotalar joint surface were uniform, and no obvious stress concentration was observed. The maximum stress in the 5° valgus model appeared at the posterior part of the talofibular joint surface and the lateral part of the top tibiotalar joint surface. The stress distribution of medial tibiotalar joint surface was uniform. The maximum stress of the 10° valgus model appeared at the posterior part of the talofibular joint surface and the lateral part of the top tibiotalar joint surface. The stress on the medial tibiotalar joint surface increased. CONCLUSION With the increase of valgus, the stress of ankle joint gradually shift outwards, and the stress concentration tends to appear. There was no obvious obstruction of fibula with 10° TAS correction. However, when TAS correction exceeds 10° and continues to increase, the obstruction effect of fibula becomes increasingly significant.
Humans ; Female ; Tibia/surgery* ; Finite Element Analysis ; Ankle ; Arthritis ; Fibula/surgery* ; Ankle Joint/surgery*