There are various methods for anatomy learning. Recently, there is infographics as a way to effectively transmit large amounts of data and complex information. In this way, medical students made anatomical data as ‘anatographic’. A total of 205 participants including 60 pre-medical students, 111 medical students, and 34 doctors participated in the study. We have shown an example of anatographic, and we surveyed its applicability and the satisfaction of each method. They use textbooks, Google, other searching sites, and applications for anatomy learning. The usefulness according to the 5-point scale was 3.75 for textbooks and 3.60 for Google, 2.53 for applications and 2.08 for searching sites, respectively. The utility of anatographic was 3.59, which was significantly higher than that of the application or other searching sites (p < 0.05). Anatographic is useful because of easy search for tags and questions, information share and learning from anywhere using your smartphone. On the other hand, there was the hassle of online access and the reliability of the data could be reduced for doctors to use. There was a problem that students used the smartphone outside of learning. Anatographic is the most beneficial system for the head, neck, and nerves, and it is easier to understand complex structures. Anatographic have shown potential as an educational source that can effectively transmit vast amounts of anatomical knowledge, and they will be useful for future anatomy education.
Education* ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Learning ; Methods ; Neck ; Smartphone ; Students, Medical

PURPOSE: Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare primary soft tissue sarcoma. Few reports have detailed the tumor features, treatment strategies, and long-term outcomes in IVC LMS patients. The present report describes the treatment and long-term outcomes of six patients with IVC LMS. METHODS: We reviewed six consecutive cases of IVC LMS treated at the University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center from August 1998 to June 2010. RESULTS: The patients comprised five females and one male, and had a median age of 44 years (range, 25 to 64 years). All tumors were suprarenal. The tumors were located between the hepatic and renal veins (i.e., middle segment; n = 5 [83%]), or above the hepatic veins (i.e., upper segment; n = 1 [17%]). Prosthetic IVC replacement using polytetrafluoroethylene grafts was performed in five patients, and the remaining patient underwent only tumor resection and IVC ligation. There were no intraoperative or postoperative deaths. The mean tumor size was 9.3 cm (range, 5 to 20 cm), and five of the six tumors were high grade. The mean follow-up period was 80 months (range, 6 to 118 months). The median survival period was 94 months. Recurrence occurred in all patients. Distant recurrence resulted in three patients undergoing lung resection and three patients undergoing thigh muscle resection. CONCLUSION: IVC LMS is a rare but serious disease. Although surgical resection combined with chemoradiotherapy was not completely curative, it resulted in long-term patient survival, even in patients with advanced tumors.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatic Veins ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Ligation ; Lung ; Male ; Muscles ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Recurrence ; Renal Veins ; Sarcoma ; Thigh ; Transplants ; Vena Cava, Inferior

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to investigate family caregivers' opinions about out-of-pocket payment for long-term care (LTC) facilities, and find the differences in the opinions for family caregivers of all different levels of income. METHODS: We used the data of the study on out-of-pocket payment in national long-term care insurance, including 1,552 family caregivers with the elderly in long-term care facilities. RESULTS: The average out-of-pocket payment per month was 511,635 Korean won and distributed from 230,750 to 1,365,570 Korean won. The amount of out-of-pocket payment might be affected by not co-payment but the cost of non-covered service. There were differences in them for family caregivers of all different levels of income. Opinions were surveyed about 5 issues. By levels of income, there were differences in their opinions about 3 issues, the financial burden on LTC, the necessity of reducing out-of-pocket payments, and to be willing to pay more for a high quality service. But there were not different opinions about the interruption of LTC service and staying with LTC facilities. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the range of out-of-pocket payment for LTC facility is wide and it can be a burden to lower income group. It should be to prepare the policies to ease the financial burden and support the appropriate LTC use.
Aged ; Caregivers ; Health Expenditures* ; Humans ; Insurance, Long-Term Care ; Long-Term Care*