Sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) is an important index in diagnosing sleep disorders and related diseases. Manual sleep staging is time-consuming and often influenced by subjective factors. Existing automatic sleep staging methods have high complexity and a low accuracy rate. A sleep staging method based on support vector machines (SVM) and feature selection using single channel EEG single is proposed in this paper. Thirty-eight features were extracted from the single channel EEG signal. Then based on the feature selection method F-Score's definition, it was extended to multiclass with an added eliminate factor in order to find proper features, which were used as SVM classifier inputs. The eliminate factor was adopted to reduce the negative interaction of features to the result. Research on the F-Score with an added eliminate factor was further accomplished with the data from a standard open source database and the results were compared with none feature selection and standard F-Score feature selection. The results showed that the present method could effectively improve the sleep staging accuracy and reduce the computation time.
Databases, Factual ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Sleep Stages ; Support Vector Machine

Objective To study the effect of parenteral nutrition combined with chemotherapy on immune function in patients with digestive tract malignant tumor. Methods One hundred patients with digestive tract malignant tumor were selected, and they were divided into the observation group and the control group by random digits table method with 50 cases each. The patients in control group during chemotherapy did not receive special treatment, and the patients in observation group were given parenteral nutrition support according to the gastrointestinal function during chemotherapy. The nutrition index, immune function index and T lymphocyte subsets after treatment were observed. Results The transferrin, prealbumin, IgA, CD4+and CD4+/CD8+levels after treatment in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group: (2.41±0.53) g/L vs. (2.15±0.57) g/L, (0.28±0.07) g/L vs. (0.20±0.08) g/L, (3.25±1.19) g/L vs. (2.85±1.01) g/L, 0.403±0.065 vs. 0.323±0.083 and 2.15±1.02 vs. 1.35±0.73, while the IgM in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group: (1.02 ± 0.35) g/L vs. (1.48±0.78) g/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in body weight, albumin, IgG, and CD8+between 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Parenteral nutrition combined with chemotherapy can improve the immune function in patients with digestive tract malignant tumor, and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of parenteral nutrition combination with chemotherapy.

Objective To study the effect of parenteral nutrition combined with chemotherapy on nutritional status and immunity function of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods 100 gastrointestinal cancer patients were treated as research subjects,and they were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group.The control group was not given special treatment during chemotherapy,while the observation group patients were given nutritional support according to the gastrointestinal function after admission.The nutrition indicators of ALB,TF,PA, immune function parameters IgA,IgG,IgM,T lymphocyte subsets and T cell immune function indicators(CD +4 ,CD +8 and CD +4 /CD +8 )were counted after the four courses.Results There was no significant difference between the preop-erative and after fourth courses of treatment(t =0.093,P >0.05)between the two groups in nutrition.Within group comparisons,data of Tf and PA levels in the observation group were significant different compared with the control group after fourth courses of treatment (t =3.302,P <0.05).After the first 4 postoperative course,IgM index was statistically significant(t =4.135,P <0.05)different between the two groups,three indicators within the observation group were higher than the preoperative level indicators,the difference was statistically significant(t =3.426,P <0.05).After the first 4 postoperative course,the CD +4 level was significantly higher in the observation group,the difference was statistically significant(t =0.087,P <0.05).Comparison between the two groups after the first four courses,the CD +4 /CD +8 level was higher than that of preoperative patients with a significant difference(t =3.359,P <0.05).Intra -group comparison of the control group,four courses of CD +8 was significantly lower than that of the pre-operative patients(t =3.265,P <0.05).Conclusion Parenteral nutrition combined with chemotherapy can improve the nutritional status of patients with malignant tumors of alimentary tract and improve the body's immune function, give parenteral nutrition support treatment and provide a theoretical basis for the digestive tract malignant tumor during chemotherapy.It is worthy of clinical popularization.

By organizing literature, summarizing and analyzing the relevant experimental and clinical studies, this article analyzed the study status of the analgesic action of electroacupuncture with different frequencies from the chemical mechanism, neuro- physical mechanism, molecular mechanism, and action mechanism. It brought up that electroacupuncture of different frequencies can activate different regions in the central system and generate different central opioid peptides, excite different receptors and afferent neurons, and different acupuncture manipulations can induce different neural electrical information encoding sequences. This article has provided theoretical evidences for future researches on the mechanism of acupuncture analgesia.

Objective: To study the regulation of selenium on gene expression of phospholipase D (PLD) gene in relation to liver metabolism of diabetic (DM) rats. Method: Differential display cDNA fragments were isolated from former research project in diabetic rats which were supplemented orally with 50 g/kg bw d selenium for 60d, and were cloned, sequenced, and the homology was analyzed. RT-PCR was made using the primers designed according to the sequences of cDNA fragments. Results: In differential display cDNA fragment, Se-4 and PLD were homologous with sequence identities of 100%.The expression levels of PLD mRNA in DM group and DM+Se group was higher obviously than that of NC group(P

Objective: To clone novel gene fragments differentially expressed from diabetic rats supplemented with selenium and detect their expression distribution in various tissues. Method: cDNA fragments from former research project were cloned, sequenced and BLASTn analysed. The RT-PCR of the five novel genes were made using the primers designed according to the sequence of cDNA to observe the expression changes in liver of various groups and their expression distributions in various tissues. Results: Se-2, Se-6, Se-10, Se-14 and Se-18 cDNA were shown to be the novel gene fragments for no matched gene with them in GenBank. The expression levels of four cDNAs, including Se-2, Se-10, Se-14, Se-18, in DM group and DM+Se group were obviously lower than those in NC group. The expression level of DM+Se group was higher than those in DM group (P

Objective:To explore the relationship between DNA ploidy heterogeneity and clinical biological behavior on patients with malignant tumor.Methods:The DNA ploidy heterogeneity of tumor tissue was measured in 163 patients with malignant tumors by flow cytometry.The relations were analyzed between DNA ploidy heterogeneity and clinical stage,pathological grade,metastasis rate of patients with malignant tumors.Results:The rates of DNA ploidy heterogeneity were significantly different in different tumors.The rates of heterogeneity raised with increase of clinical stage and pathological grade(P

Objective:To investigate a large Chinese family in which 9 patients over 4 generations were diagnosed with a form of autosomal dominant spondyloepimphyseal dysplasia(SEMD).Mothods:X-Ray radiograph of proand at 18-month showed absence of secondary ossification centra of femoral heads.His father at 24-year presented severe spondyloepiphyseal changes that principally involved the vertebral bodies,the femoral necks and femoral heads and characterized by generalized platyspondyly with thoracolumbar scoliosis,irregular femoral necks,absent ossification of femoral heads,flat acetabular roofs and coxa vara.The other patients had similar clinical and radiological features.Haplotyping was performed with leukocyte DNA for 5 micosatellite repeat markers from chromosome 12 and the result showed COL2A1 gene as a candidate gene.A total of 54 exons and promoter of COL2A1 gene were amplified and sequenced from all patients and available normal relatives.In addition,exon 23 of COL2A1 gene was amplified and sequenced from 10 controls simultaneously.Results:All patients were identified a 1510(G→A) transition in exon 23 of COL2A1 gene that caused a change from a COL2A1 coding region in available glycine to serine at amino acid position 504.No mutation was found in the normal relatives and 10 controls. Conclusion:The mutation of COL2A1 gene is responsible for this form of SEDC of the family.This is the first familial report of SEDC relating to 1510G→A mutation of COL2A1 gene.The detailed clinical radiogram data will be useful for extending the phenotypic spectrum of type Ⅱcollagenopathies.

BACKGROUND:To reduce the amount of bleeding and the amount of hemoglobin after total knee replacement has been a key project in the clinical research in the division of bone and joint. Currently, ice therapy has been widely used in the clinic for tissue sweling and pain due to various physical and chemical factors. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the risk factors of postoperative hemoglobin after total knee replacement and discuss the effects of ice intervention. METHODS: 240 patients with osteoarthritis based on the random draw principles were equaly divided into the treatment group and the control group. The general information, disease status, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis of the two groups were investigated. Al patients were actively subjected to artificial total knee replacement. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the treatment group received ice intervention at 2 hours after replacement for 7 consecutive days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The postoperative hemoglobin decrease occurred in 34 patients, with the incidence of 14.2% among 240 patients at 7 days after replacement. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that age, no ice treatment, body mass index were the main risk factors for hemoglobin decrease after total knee replacement (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the postoperative hemoglobin values of the treatment group were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Hemoglobin decrease values, total blood loss, blood transfusion rate, blood transfusion amount, and pain score at 3 and 7 days after replacement were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The knee function excelent and good rate was 96.7% in the treatment group, and 95.8% in the control group, which showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Results verify that clinical application of total knee replacement facilitated the knee recovery in patients with osteoarthritis, but hemoglobin decrease and bleeding existed. Active ice intervention can reduce the risk and relieve postoperative pain.

Objective To investigate the imaging characteristics of nontraumatic spontaneous intramural hematoma of small bowel secondary to warfarin therapy.Methods The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted.The clinical data of 12 patients with nontraumatic spontaneous intramural hematoma of small bowel secondary to warfarin therapy who were admitted to the First People's Hospital of Wenling (11 patients) and Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province (1 patient) between January 2010 and December 2016 were collected.Patients received plain and enhanced scans of computed tomography (CT).Patients stopped warfarin therapy,received intramuscular injection of vitamin K1 and fresh-frozen plasma transfusion.Observation indicators:(1) primary signs of CT:① small bowel wall thickening;② increased density of small bowel wall;(2) secondary signs of CT:intestine lumen stenosis,intestinal pneumatosis,perienteric changes and other concomitant signs;(3) treatment situations.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).Results Twelve patients received total abdomen plain scans of CT,and 7 received total abdomen enhanced scans of CT.(1) Primary signs of CT:① Small bowel wall thickening.CT of 12 patients showed solitary,homogeneously symmetric,consecutive and diffuse thickening of small bowel wall,including ileal involvement in 7 patients and jejunum involvement in 5 patients.Ascending part of duodenum of 3 patients involved the 2nd and 3rd groups small bowel.The average length of involved small bowel was 30.7 cm (range,11.0-58.0 cm).There was no multifocal thickening or colonic involvement.Of 12 patients,10 and 2 showed moderate thickening (thickness was 1.0-2.0 cm) and severe thickening (thickness ＞ 2.0 cm),and the thickest small bowel wall was 2.5 cm.② Increased density of small bowel wall.Twelve patients showed varying degrees of increased density of small bowel wall,with an average value of 49.7 HU (range,36.0-63.4 HU).Of 12 patients,homogeneously increased whole layer density of small bowel wall were detected in 4 patients,higher submucous layer density of small bowel compared with serosal layer density in 4 patients,and all of the above characteristics in 4 patients.Enhanced scans of CT in 7 patients showed enhancement in small bowel mucosal layer and serosal layer,no obvious enhancement in the submucous layer of small bowel wall,clear layers,and a target sign when small bowel lumen was perpendicular to scan slice,including 5 patients with obvious enhancement in small bowel mucosal layer,spring-like change,and clear imaging in portal vein phase.(2) Secondary signs of CT:① Intestine lumen stenosis:12 patients had varying degrees of intestine lumen stenosis.Five patients were complicated with small bowel obstruction,showing a gas-liquid level.② Intestinal pneumatosis:2 of 12 patients showed patchy and mottled gas shadow.③ Perienteric changes and other concomitant signs:12 patients showed obviously increased fat density in surrounding area of involved small bowel and corresponding mesenteric area,and indistinct outside small bowel,including 8 with lots of lath-like high density shadow in surrounding area of small bowel and mesenteric area.The varying degrees of hemoperitoneum were seen in 12 patients.(3) Treatment situations:of 12 patients,9 underwent correct treatments,8 of them were improved,and 1 of them with persistently severe abdominal pain underwent urgent explorative laparotomy,showing hemorrhage and necrosis,and then underwent surgery;3 didn't undergo correct treatment,without improved or severe symptoms.Conclusion Patients undergoing anticoagulant therapy show acute abdominal pain with abnormal coagulation function,small bowel wall thickening and increased density by CT scans,hemoperitoneum complicated with intestine lumen stenosis,small bowel obstruction and hematocele in surrounding area of small bowel and mesenteric area,these are highly indicative of nontraumatic spontaneous intramural hematoma of small bowel secondary to warfarin therapy.