Objective To study the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the frizzled 6(FZD6) gene with neural tube defects(NTDs) in a northern Han Chinese population.Methods Three nonsynonymous SNPs in the FZD6 gene (rs827528,rs3808553,rs12549394) were examined.The SNPs were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing in 135 NTD patients and matched normal controls.The allele,genotype and haplotype frequencies were calculated and analyzed to examine the association between FZD6 SNPs and NTDs.Results Both T allele and TT genotype frequencies of the rs3808553 polymorphism in the NTDs group were significantly higher than those in the controls,and children with T allele and TT genotype were associated with increased risk of NTDs (OR =1.575,95％ CI 1.112-2.230,P =0.010 and OR =2.811,95％ CI 1.325-5.967,P =0.023 respectively).There were no significant differences among different genotypes or alleles in both rs827528 and rs12549394.Haplotypes AG-C and A-T-C were found associated with NTDs in the case-control study (OR =0.560,95％ CI 0.378-0.830,P=0.004 and OR=1.670,95％CI 1.126-2.475,P =0.011 respectively).Conclusions The rs3808553 polymorphism of FZD6 is obviously associated with NTDs in children of northern Han Chinese population.The TT genotype may increase the risk for NTDs.The rs827528 and rs12549394 polymorphisms of FZD6 may have no association with NTDs.

With the development of molecular imaging technology, incorporate multiple modes of medical imaging imaging techniques of SPECT/CT and PET/CT technology with a certain degree of development. But compared to SPECT/CT and PET/CT technologies, SPECT/CT far earlier than PET/CT technology to clinical applications, due to a variety of factors influence SPECT/CT far PET/CT clinical applications to grow faster. This article highlights the progress and problems of SPECT/CT technology.
Diagnostic Imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of IL-9, IL-17 and Foxp3 in nasal polyps,so that to explore the role of Th9, Th17/Treg cells imbalance in pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. METHOD: Forty cases of nasal polyps and 20 cases of normal middle turbinate mucosa (controls) were involved in this study. The expression patterns of IL-9, IL-17 and Foxp3 were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULT: The positive rates of IL-9 and IL-17 in nasal polyps tissues were respectively 75.0% and 80.0%, which were both significantly higher than those in the controls (positive rates were 35.0% and 50.0%, respectively), but the Foxp3 expression was downregulated in nasal polyps tissues (37.5%) compared to the controls (80.0%), P < 0.05 respectively. CONCLUSION The cytokines IL-9 and IL-17 are obviously involved in the occurrence and development of nasal polyposis, suggesting remarkable infiltration of Th9 and Th17/Treg imbalance exist in nasal polyps, both of which may play important roles in pathogenesis of nasal polyposis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-9 ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; cytology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression levels of Th9, Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and explore the role of Th9, Th17 and Treg cells in the progression of CRSwNP. METHOD: Forty-six cases with CRSwNP served as an experimental group, while 22 cases with simple nasal bleeding or nasal septum deviation served as a control group. The peripheral blood of patients in both groups was collected and analyzed. (1) Using flow cytometry (FCM) to detect the expression rates of Th9, Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood. (2) Using qRT-PCR to detect the expression of relevant transcription factor of Th9, Th17 and Treg cells (IL-9mRNA, PU. 1, IRF-4, RoRc, and Foxp3). (3) Using SPSS16.0 to analyse the differentiations and the revelance among these three cells. RESULT: (1) The expression rates of Th9 and Th17 cells in patients with CRSwNP (1.29% ± 0.18%, 4.03% ± 0.69%) was higher than the control group (0.45% ± 0.14%, 1.35% ± 0.26%). But the expression rates of Treg cells in the experimental group (2.98% ± 0.13%) was significantly lower than the control group (5.44% ± 0.57%). The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) The expression of revelant transcription factor (IL-9mRNA, PU.1, IRF-4, RoRc) in NP group was also higher than the control group. The expression of Foxp3 in the control group was higher than NP, the differences both were statistically significant (P < 0.05). (3) The difference between Th9 and Th17 in patients with NP was not significant (P > 0.05), and the negative correlation was found between Th17 and Treg (r = -0.549, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The high expression level of Th9 and Th17 cells might promote the development of NP, whereas the low expression level of Treg cells might further aggravate the occurrence of NP. The main function of the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells may be immune regulation in the pathogenesis of nasal polys.
Case-Control Studies ; Cell Differentiation ; Disease Progression ; Epistaxis ; Flow Cytometry ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; immunology ; pathology ; Nasal Septum ; abnormalities ; Rhinitis ; immunology ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; cytology ; Th17 Cells ; cytology ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism

Objective To produce the experimental pig model of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) through raising pigs in the lower pressure container in order to study the effect of low pressure on morphology of upper respiratory soft tissue in pig.Methods The pigs were living in a container of low pressure for 6 months to make up the pig models of OSAHS.When the symptoms like OSAHS appearing and the pharyngeal respiratory pressure changing like the characteristics of OSAHS,the pigs were scanned by CT and compared with controls.Results The pharyngeal rear wall and soft palate in model pigs were thickened(0.94 cm?0.16 cm and 1.06 cm?0.23 cm respectively),while in control groups were(0.60 cm?0.11 cm and 0.59 cm?0.13 cm respectively).The cross-sectional area of upper airway in anterior,middle and rear parts were(1.49?0.12) cm2,(1.37?0.32) cm2 and(1.00?0.21) cm2 respectively,the narrowest part was in rear area,and in control groups were(1.30?0.14) cm2,(1.57?0.32) cm2 and(2.48?0.42) cm2 respectively.Conclusion The lower pressure condition can be used to produce animal experimental model of OSAHS,the low pressure is the important factor to cause OSAHS.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Qianyang Mixture for the treatment of perimenopause hypertension. Methods Eighty cases of perimenopause hypertension patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 40 cases in each group. The two groups were given Amlodipine Besylate Tablets for oral taking, one tablet each time, once a day. The treatment group was treated with Qianyang Mixture, 35 mL for each time, twice a day, 1 h after meal. Course of treatment was 12 weeks. The changes of blood pressure, heart rate and sex hormone level of patients in both groups were observed, and efficacy of TCM syndrome were evaluated. Results After treatment, the heart rate, average daily blood pressure and morning blood pressure of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05);After the treatment, the levels of estradiol in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 92.5% (37/40) in the treatment group and 80.0% (32/40) in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Qianyang Mixture can obviously reduce blood pressure and heart rate of patients with perimenopause hypertension, and can regulate hormone levels, improve TCM symptoms.

Objective To examine whether the marginal division of the striatum(MrD)is involved in the associative learning and memory function of human brain with the help of functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)technique.Methods Sixteen right-handed normal volunteers participated in a test of paired-word associative learning and memory,while the fMRI data were recorded.Control tasks were performed for the block-design.Statistcs parameter mapping 99 was used to analyze the data and to obtain the activated brain regions.Results When the threshold was set as P＜0.005.using a one-sample T-test,the left occipital lobe and the superior and middle gyrus of the left frontal lobe were activated remarkably during the encoding process of the paired-word associative learning and memory task,with the maximum intensity T value being 13.87 and 9.36.respectively.The left MrD was also obviously activated during this stage(T value was 5.46).But during the retrieval process,the left parietal lobe was prominently activated(T value was 8.73).Conclusion The resuhs of this study reveal that the subcortical structures such as MrD as well as the cerebral cortex are involved in the associative learning and memory of paired-word in human brain.

Objective To establish a zebrafish model of thrombosis induced by three kinds of inducers and observe the anti?thrombotic effect of a Chinese traditional medicine, Guanxinning tablet ( GXN) . Methods The zebrafish models of thrombosis was induced by using 1?5μmol/L phenyl hydrazine, 80μmol/L arachidonic acid and 5 mg/L ponatinib, re?spectively, and were treated with various concentration of GXN, clopidogrel or asprin. The thrombus in the tail vein was observed under microscope, Erythrocytes in the zebrafish heart were stained with o?dianisidine and the erythrocyte staining intensity was assessed with a NIS?Elements DTM image analyzer, and the anti?thrombolic effect of GXN was calculated. Results Venous thrombus was significantly increased and the staining intensities of erythrocytes in the heart were signifi?cantly decreased after induction by phenyl hydrazine, arachidonic acid or Ponatinib ( P <0?001 ) , respectively. At the same time, GXN showed an incresing anti?thrombolic effect in the zebrafish models (P<0?001) in a dose?effect manner, with a IC50 of GXN of 44?32 mg/L,138?5 mg/L and 459?5 mg/L, respectively. Conclusions The zebrafish models of thrombosis are successfully established by phenyl hydrazine, arachidonic acid or Ponatinib, respectively, by different for?mation mechanisms. GXN has been shown to have an anti?thrombosis effect, probably, by multiple target effects.

Objective:To investigate the effect of decoction of Fructus Mume (DFM) on the myoelectric activity of uterine smooth muscle of unpregnancy and early pregnancy rats and study its action mechanism.Methods: A pair of bipolar electrode was implanted on the serous surface of rat uterus. The DFM was injected into abdominal and the changes of uterine myoelectrical activity were observed.Results: The higher dose of DFM could enlarge the average amplitude of slow wave of uterine smooth muscle myoelectricity as well as increase the incidence and the maximal amplitude of the outbreak plexiform myoelectric wave. On the other hand, rats during early pregnancy were more sensitive to the DFM. Conclusions: The DFM enhances the myoelectricity activity of uterine smooth muscle of unpregnancy and early pregnancy rats which may result from enhacing the start cells electric activity and speeding up the action potential depolarization. Thus the DFM can serve as an effective clinical drug for anti early pregnancy.

Objective To explore the clinical factors on the functional recovery of spinal cord cavernous hemangioma operation. Methods Fifty cases patients with complete spinal cord cavernous hemangioma were retrospectively analyzed their clinical data and its influence on prognosis of 2 years. Single factor and multiple factors analysis were performed. Results Compared with the preoperative stage,the grade of Aminoff-Logue score of 28 cases(50. 9%)had improved at least one grade,14 cases(25. 5%)patients with no significant changes and 13 cases(23. 6%)with decreased one grade at least. Logistic regression model showed that patients with clinical types(OR=3. 27,95%CI 2. 34-15. 83,P=0. 006),the time of the attacks to the surgery(OR=2. 93,95%CI 1. 41-10. 61,P=0. 012),and the attacks to the operation time( OR=4. 31,95%CI 2. 46 -12. 32,P = 0. 019 ) were related to neurological function recovery of spinal cord cavernous hemangiomas. Conclusion For patients with SCH dysfunction,regardless of what kind of clinical types of neurological dysfunction extent,should receive surgical treatment to improve neurological function recovery rate as soon as possible.