ObjectiveTo observe the effects of high mobility group box-1 protein ( HMGB1 ) on function of murine spleen IL-10-producing dendritic cells (DCs) subset CD11clowCD45RBhighDCs.MethodsSplenic CD11clowCD45RBhighDCs and CD4 +T cells in Balb/c mice were purified by magnetic beads sorting.CD11clowCD45RBhighDCs were treated with various doses of HMGB1 (0,20,100,500ng/ml).Flow cytometry was used to determine expressions of CD11clowCD45RBhighDC surface molecules including CD40,CD80,CD86,Ⅰ-a/e and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4.IL-10 level in CD11clow CD45RBhighDC culture supernatants was determined by ELISA method.The CD4+ T cells were divided into four groups: control group (without only treatment),untreated group (HMGB1-untreated CD11clow CD45RBhigh DCs plus CD4+T cells),high-dose HMGB1-treated group (500 ng/ml HMGB1-treated CD11clowCD45RBhigh DCs plus CD4 +T cells),high-dose HMGB1-treated + antibody 1 group (500 ng/ml HMGB1-treated CD11clowCD45RBhigh DCs plus IL-10 antibody and CD4+T cells),high-dose HMGB1-treated + antibody 2 group (500 ng/ml HMGB1-treated CD11clow CD45RBhigh DCs plus homotype IL-10 antibody and CD4 +T cells).IL-4 as well as interferon( IFN-γ) contents in CD4 + T cell culture supernatants were determined by flow cytometry.ResultsHMGB1 could markedly enhance the expressions of CD40,CD86 and TLR4 on CD11clowCD45RBhigh DC surface as well as level of IL-10 secreted by CD11clow CD45RBhigh DCs as compared with the non-HMGB1 treatment.Meantime,the secretion of IL-10 was HMGB1 concentration dependent.IFN-γ level in high-dose HMGB1-treated group was (279 ± 17) pg/ml,which was markedly lower than that in the untreated group [ (963 ± 11 ) pg/ml,P ＜ 0.05 \ ].IL-4 level in high-dose HMGB1-treated group was (372 ± 14) pg/ml,which was significantly higher than that in the untreated group [ (213 ± 10) pg/ml,P ＜0.05) \].ConclusionsHMGB1 promotes IL-10 production in CD11clowCD45RBhighDCs,induces the differentiation of CD4 +T cells to Th2 cells and downregulates the immune response via activating CD11clowCD45RBhigh DCs.

Objective To develop a set of Immediate communication system of remote medical monitoring based on Internet,which is mainly used on the patient's condition for remote on-line monitoring.Methods The developing platform was Visual C++ 6.0 and the programming language was C++.The development of class libraries MFC(Microsoft Foundation Class) applied by Microsoft was also used.The real-time ECG images could be transmitted unhindered in the system.Results Medical care person could see the real-time ECG in system monitoring terminal from the client so that diagnostic results could be fed back timely to the client.Conclusion The development of community health care system is a positive solution to achieve the goal of universal health care for everybody.Its ultimate goal is to change high-tech medical care into conventional technology.On this basis,the function of hospital can be extended in to family care,thus really enhancing the quality of life

Janus kinase-signal transduction and transcription activator (JAK-STAT), mitogen- activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B) are three important cellular signalling pathways, which play pivotal roles in regulation of cellular physiologic as well as pathophysiologic functions. Based on the elucidation of the research progress of three signalling cascades, respectively, the current review focuses on the cross-talk of these signalling transduction, and the up-to-date details are also presented on their regulation in inflammatory response.

Objective To explore visible properties of T lymphocyte activation in human umbilical cord blood.Methods T lymphocytes of human umbilical cord blood were cultured in RPMI 1640 complete medium and divided into two groups: the experimental group activated with CD3 McAb(10mg/L)plus PHA and the control group cultured without these reagents. Afcer the cell viability being measured, T cell activation was observed with inverted microscope. And then ultrathin section of the cells sample was prepared tobe observed with transmission electron microscope(TEM).Results Morphologically, activated T cells were obviously bigger, their nuclei clear, and most of divided cells had irregular outline;there were cell colonies to be seen in growing regions. Under TEM, there were more vacuoles (visible property of structure) in typically activated T lymphocytes , chromatic agglutination and nucleoli to be observed.Conclusion Main properties of T cell activation of human umbilical cord blood were chromatic agglutination, more vacuoles in cytoplasm and cell colonies formation.

Professor ZHENG Kuishan has been engaged in the education and clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion for over 60 years. Professor ZHENG is strict in scholarly research and exquisite in medical techniques and he is good at treatment of bi syndrome induced by invasion of wind, cold and damp with warming and, promoting therapy. He emphasizes on syndrome differentiation and acupoint combination and selects the accurate manipulations. Not only are the symptoms relieved apparently, but also the body state is improved. As a result, the primary and secondary are treated simultaneously. In the paper, professor ZHENG's experience is introduced in the treatment of bi syndrome in the aspects of theory, method, formula, acupoint and technique. And his clinical therapeutic approaches have been deeply analyzed.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion ; history ; methods

Objective To investigate the effect of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) on immune function of peritoneal macrophages in mice. Methods The peritoneal macrophages were isolated from female BALBc mice in vitro. The macrophages were stimulated with different doses of HMGB1 (1, 10, 100, 1 000ng/ml) for 6 hours, or with 100ng/ml HMGB1 for different duration (0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours). The phagocytosis ability of macrophages was determined by the neutral red dye uptake assay and optical densities of samples were read at 540nm. The cytotoxicity to L1210 cells was measured with MTT assay and was expressed by absorbance at 570nm. The chemotaxis was assayed by using the Costar Transwell cell culture chamber inserts and the cells on the lower surface of the transwell membrane were fixed and counted. The cells were harvested at the indicated time points, fixed, and stained for indirect immunofluorescence, then the expressions of I-Ak MHC class Ⅱ alloantigen on macrophages were determined with flow cytometry. Results The effects of HMGB1 on phagocytic activities, cytotoxicity, chemotaxis and I-Ak antigen expression of macrophages were enhanced in a dose-dependent manner, starting at doses as low as 1ng/ml and with a maximal response at 100ng/ml (P

Evidence-based medicine is also currently promoted and extolled as the best way to evaluate its various treatment and to draft clinical guidelines for the management of severe sepsis with aim to result in a reduction in mortality. There are several obvious factors in the design and conduct of clinical trials in sepsis to be observed, including case selection, end points, and sub-population evaluation, etc. In the past years, several scientific reports of evidence-based strategies for the treatment of sepsis were published, including recombinant human activated protein C, control of hyperglycemia in sepsis, and administration of low dose of corticosteroid in severe sepsis management.

Objective To study the TCM syndrome distribution and the laws of blood pressure variability in patients with primary hypertension.Methods Totally 443 patients with primary hypertension were selected; four diagnostic data were collected to conduct syndrome differentiation (main syndrome was chosen for compound syndrome); 24 h ambulatory blood pressure was monitored and blood pressure variability of each syndrome was compared.Results Among 443 cases of patients, liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome (157 cases) > qi yin deficiency syndrome (83 cases) > yang deficiency syndrome (76 cases) > phlegm dampness syndrome (65 cases) > liver yang hyperactivity syndrome (62 cases). There was statistical significance in ages of different syndromes, but there was no statistical significance in gender, family history and course of disease (P>0.05). Compared with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome, 24 h systolic blood pressure and 24 h mean blood pressure of phlegm dampness syndrome were significantly different (P<0.05); circadian rhythm abnormality rates of liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome, liver yang hyperactivity syndrome, qi yin deficiency syndrome, phlegm dampness syndrome and yang deficiency syndrome were 80.85% (38/47), 66.67% (14/21) ,81.48% (22/27), 86.96% (20/23), and 78.79% (26/33), respectively, without statistical significance in different syndromes (χ2=3.031,P=0.553).Conclusion Among the 443 hypertensive patients, patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome were the most, and patients with liveryang hyperactivity syndrome were the least. Phlegm dampness syndrome has the highest blood pressure, while liveryang hyperactivity syndrome has the lowest blood pressure. Patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome are with the highest blood pressure variability, while patients with qi yin deficiency syndrome are with the lowest blood pressure variability.

Readiness for hospital discharge is an important measure to ensure the safety of patient discharge. Evaluating the readiness for hospital discharge can help medical staff to avoid premature discharge of patients and to reduce the incidence of complications and readmission rate. This paper reviews the concept, content and tools of assessment, and the research interests and fields of discharge readiness, so as to provide help and support for further research.

Objective To investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on stimulating high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) mRNA expression in peritoneal macrophages in rats and its potential signaling mechanism. Methods Abdominal macrophages obtained from male Wistar rats were seeded on 24-well (1?10 6 cells/well) tissue culture plates. The cells were incubated for 3 days before they were stimulated with LPS, fludarabine (specific inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, STAT1), or rapamycin (specific inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, STAT3). After being stimulated, macrophages were denatured directly in tissue culture plates to determine HMGB1 mRNA expression. The time-dependent and dose-dependent responses between LPS stimulation and HMGB1 mRNA expression were analyzed, and the effect of treatment with fludarabine and rapamycin on HMGB1 mRNA expression was also observed. Results After being stimulated with 75-100ng/ml LPS, the HMGB1 mRNA expressions in macrophages were up-regulated markedly, peaking at 24-36 hours, and remained elevated up to 48 hours. It was found that the HMGB1 mRNA expression was significantly inhibited by treatment with either fludarabine (100?mol/L) or rapamycin (25ng/ml). Conclusions These data suggest that LPS stimulation can result in up-regulation of HMGB1 mRNA expression in peritoneal macrophages in rats. Janus kinase/STAT pathway may be involved in modulating HMGB1 mRNA expression in LPS-activated macrophages.