BACKGROUND:With the deepen understanding on the biological function of Rho/ROCK pathway, new ROCK inhibitors continue to be discovered, and ROCK inhibitors show good promoting effects on the survival, proliferation and migration of keratocytes. Research on ROCK inhibitors wil provide more donor materials or seed cels for regenerative medicine and clinical cel transplantation. OBJECTIVE:To summarize and explore the progress in the treatment and application of corneal disease using the ROCK inhibitors Y-27632 and Y-39983. METHODS:The PubMed database and CNKI database were retrieved by computer to search the relevant literature published between 2008 to 2015 using the key words of “corneal endothelial cel, corneal epithelial cel, ROCK inhibitor, Y-39983, Y-27632” in English and Chinese, respectively. Relevant articles in line with the theme were screened and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Totaly 264 papers were initialy searched. At last, 45 papers were selected. Currently there are two main ROCK inhibitors: Y-27632 and Y-39983, but both of which are stil in basic research stage and clinical testing stage. Y-27632 promotes the proliferation and activity of corneal epithelial stem cel after resuscitation; Y-39983 as a novel ROCK inhibitor can be better to inhibit Rho kinases activity than Y-27632, thereby more effectively promoting the healing of the corneal endothelium. There are many studies on the application of ROCK inhibitors in corneal treatment, but not a stable method established to obtain seed cels. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and how to overcome these disadvantages and to find fast and stable access to seed cels is the future direction of development.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors and prognostic effects of intolerance of early enteral nutrition after surgery for gastric cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 75 patients with gastric cancer who were admitted in the Shoukang hospital and received early enteral nutrition after surgery were retrospectively retrived and analyzed.Patients were divided into the tolerance group and the non-tolerance group according to whether the patients developed the symtoms of nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain,distention and diarrhea after early enteral nutrition.Results:51 patients (68％) showed enteral nutrition intolerance after early enteral nutrition postoperatively,whereas 24 (32％) were in the tolerance group.The activity time out of bed on the first postoperative day,the time of initiation of enteral nutrition,and nutrition pump were significantly different between two groups.Logistic analysis revealed that the activitity time and nutrition pump were independent favourable factors.Besides,patients with intolerance had longer time to exhaust and defecation,and postoperative hospital stay.Conclusion:Insufficient postoperative activity time and nonuse of nutrition pump are risk factors of intolerance of early enteral nutrition,which may slow the recovery of patients.

OBJECTIVE:To study the relative bioavailability,pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of domestic nisoldipine tablets in healthy volunteers.METHODS:A single oral dose of 10 mg test and reference nisoldipine tablets were given to 24 male healthy volunteers in an open randomized 2?2 latin square design.The plasma concentrations of nisoldipine at different time points were determined by LC-MS and the pharmacokinetic parameters of the two kinds of tablets were computed and their bioequiavailability was evaluated.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the test vs.reference formulations of nisoldipine in 24 healthy volunteers were as follows:Cmax(2.94?2.78)ng?mL-1 vs.(3.22?2.16)ng?mL-1,tmax(1.70?1.00)h vs.(1.40?1.00)h,t1/2(6.81?4.11)h vs.(5.55?2.35)h,AUC0～24(10.60?7.70)ng?h?mL-1 vs.(9.90?6.76)ng?h?mL-1,AUC0～∞(11.30?7.90)ng?h?mL-1 vs.(10.20?7.00)ng?h?mL-1.The relative bioavailability of domestic nisoldipine tablets was(110.3?30.8)%.CONCLUSION:The reference preparation and the test preparation of nisoldipine tablets were proved to be bioequivalent.

OBJECTIVESTo compare the stability of an enhanced load sharing dynamic pedicle screw fixation device with its equivalent rigid device and to evaluate biomechanical roles of the dynamic fixation.

METHODSA model of L(1) body fracture was produced on seven specimens of fresh adult cadaver spine from T(10) to L(4). Both dynamic and rigid devices were applied in the specimens to strength the injured level. Ranges of three dimensional movements and stiffness under flexion-compression were measured in intact, injured and stabilized specimens.

RESULTSBoth dynamic and rigid devices were found to provide significant stability for injured segment in flexion-extension and lateral bending. In axial rotation, the devices could restore the stability to levels similar to those in an intact spine. Results indicated 40% increase in range of motion in flexion-extension and 24.1 Nmm reduction in stiffness of flexion-compression for dynamic device, compared with the rigid device.

CONCLUSIONThe dynamic device offers a design that may enhance load sharing without sacrificing the stability and will decrease stress-shielding and stress concentration.

Objective To analyze the etiology and therapeutic measures of acute pancreatitis (AP) within 5 years in Huangshan region by single center analysis.Methods The clinical data of patients with acute pancreatitis from January 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 394 cases were enrolled,including 170 cases of male and 224 cases of female.Causes of acute pancreatitis included 112 cases of gallstones,21 cases of common bile duct stones,12 cases of gallstones combined with common bile duct stones,8 cases of hyperlipidemia,and 237 cases of other reasons.For the types of treatment,266 cases had conservative treatment,93 cases had laparoscopy,15 cases had EST,16 cases had laparoscopy combined with EST,and 5 cases had open surgery.The average hospital stay was 15.9 days.Conclusion Biliary disease is the main reason for acute pancreatitis,and conservative and surgical treatments are the important therapeutic measures.

Objective To analyze the etiology and therapeutic measures of acute pancreatitis (AP) within 5 years in Huangshan region by single center analysis.Methods The clinical data of patients with acute pancreatitis from January 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 394 cases were enrolled,including 170 cases of male and 224 cases of female.Causes of acute pancreatitis included 112 cases of gallstones,21 cases of common bile duct stones,12 cases of gallstones combined with common bile duct stones,8 cases of hyperlipidemia,and 237 cases of other reasons.For the types of treatment,266 cases had conservative treatment,93 cases had laparoscopy,15 cases had EST,16 cases had laparoscopy combined with EST,and 5 cases had open surgery.The average hospital stay was 15.9 days.Conclusion Biliary disease is the main reason for acute pancreatitis,and conservative and surgical treatments are the important therapeutic measures.

Objective To assess the efficacy of mecobalamin and glutathione in preventing the neurotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin (L-OHP).Methods A randomized,placebo and control study was made ,in which 9 6 patients with colorectal cancer received L-OHP and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)was randomly divided into control group treated with normal saline,mecobalamin group with mecobalamin and glutathione group with glutathione,respectively,32 cases for each.Rate of neurotoxicity and severity was observed by L-OHP-specific neurotoxicity grading and neurological symptom score (NSS).Results Rates of neurotoxicity in control group,mecobalamin group and glutathione group were 90.3%(28 /32),46.7%(14 /32)and 59.4%(19 /32)respectively.After 3-cycle and 6-cycle chemotherapy,the rate of neurotoxicity in degree Ⅱ~Ⅲ was lower in mecobal-amin group than in other groups,but the differences were not significant (P >0.05),whereas NSS score was obviously lower in mecobalamin group than in other groups (P <0.05,P <0.01),but the difference between control group and glutathione group was not significant (P >0.05).Conclu-sion Mecobalamin can prevent the rate and severity of oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity.

Objective To assess the efficacy of mecobalamin and glutathione in preventing the neurotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin (L-OHP).Methods A randomized,placebo and control study was made ,in which 9 6 patients with colorectal cancer received L-OHP and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)was randomly divided into control group treated with normal saline,mecobalamin group with mecobalamin and glutathione group with glutathione,respectively,32 cases for each.Rate of neurotoxicity and severity was observed by L-OHP-specific neurotoxicity grading and neurological symptom score (NSS).Results Rates of neurotoxicity in control group,mecobalamin group and glutathione group were 90.3%(28 /32),46.7%(14 /32)and 59.4%(19 /32)respectively.After 3-cycle and 6-cycle chemotherapy,the rate of neurotoxicity in degree Ⅱ~Ⅲ was lower in mecobal-amin group than in other groups,but the differences were not significant (P >0.05),whereas NSS score was obviously lower in mecobalamin group than in other groups (P <0.05,P <0.01),but the difference between control group and glutathione group was not significant (P >0.05).Conclu-sion Mecobalamin can prevent the rate and severity of oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Marsdenia tenacissima in the treatment of breast cancer through network pharmacology and experimental verification.Methods Literature retrieval was conducted to obtain the active components of Marsdenia tenacissima.The SwissTargetPrediction database was used to predict the potential targets of these active components.Targets of breast cancer were obtained from GeneCards,GEPIA2,OMIM,PharmGKB and TTD databases.The intersection targets were obtained,and a Marsdenia tenacissima-breast cancer-targets network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.0 software.The core targets were identified through protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis,followed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to screen relevant signaling pathways.Molecular docking validation was performed for the top 10 key targets and major active components.The human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was treated with Marsdenia tenacissima injection in vitro.Cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay.Cell apoptosis was detected by Calcein-AM/PI staining and flow cytometry.Cell migration ability was detected by Transwell assay.Western blot experiment was used to validate the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.Results Totally 37 active components and 276 potential targets against breast cancer were screened from Marsdenia tenacissima,including 11alpha-O-Benzoyl-12beta-O-acetyl tenacigenin B,Caffeic acid,Drevogenin A and Kaempferol.25 core targets were screened by PPI network such as AKT1,EGFR,TNF,CTNNB1 and IL-6,which mainly affected the estrogen signaling pathway,ErbB signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,etc.The molecular docking results showed that the main active components of Marsdenia tenacissima exhibited good binding activities with the core targets AKT1,ALB,CASP3,ESR1 and TNF.The results of in vitro experiments showed that Marsdenia tenacissima injection could inhibit the proliferation and migration ability of MDA-MB-231 cells(P<0.01,P<0.001)and induce apoptosis(P<0.001),as well as inhibit the activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Marsdenia tenacissima may exert its anti-breast cancer effects through multiple targets and pathways,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:To compare the biomechanical properties of triangular supporting fixation and Gamma nail fixation for intertrochanteric fractures of the femur.Methods:The femoral CT imaging data provided by a healthy adult male volunteer aged 40 years, height 172 cm, and weight 75 kg were used to reconstruct the femur model using Mimics 21.0 software and Geomagics 2013 software. Evans type I intertrochanteric fracture models were established using UG12.0 software, and Gamma nail and triangular supporting intramedullary nail models were reconstructed to simulate intertrochanteric fracture internal fixation, respectively. In Abaqus software, two internal fixation models of Gamma nail and triangular supporting intramedullary nail in standing state are simulated, and the stress peaks of the main nail, fixation screw and bone substance were collected, also the stress peak of supporting screw of the triangular supporting intramedullary nail is obtained. Additionally, the maximum displacement of the fracture model fixed by Gamma nail and triangular supporting intramedullary nail is measured.Results:Under the load of 1 200 N, the peak stress of the two fracture internal fixation models was located in the main nail, in which the peak stress of the triangular supporting intramedullary nail was 233.73 MPa, which was 11.9% lower than that of the Gamma nail (265.21 MPa); the peak stress of the fixation screw was located in the contact area between the pressure screw and the main nail, which was 23.2% lower in triangular supporting intramedullary nail than that of the Gamma nail (138.86 MPa vs. 180.75 MPa); the peak stress of the bone model was located in the medial cortex of the femur, which was 61.67 MPa and 32.38 MPa, respectively, 47.5% lower in the triangular supporting intramedullary nail than that of the Gamma nail; the peak stress of the supporting screw in the triangular supporting intramedullary nail was 92.04 MPa. The maximum displacement of the fracture model fixed with triangular supporting intramedullary nail was 17.34 mm, which was 10.5% less than the maximum displacement of the fracture model fixed with Gamma nail (19.37 mm). Conclusion:Compared with Gamma nail, triangular supporting intramedullary nail fixation can significantly improve the stability of intertrochanteric fractures and stress distribution as well as reduce stress peak and stress concentration area, which is helpful to improve the efficacy of intertrochanteric fractures.