Objective To study the methods of repairing the sole defects and reconstruction of the sensory function. Methods Twenty- nine cases of sole defect were repaired with flaps and full- thickness grafting according to the weight- bearing area and non- weight- bearing area. Sixteen cases had reconstruction of the sensory nerves. Results Twenty- nine cases were followed up for 1－ 9 years. One case failed. One case required thinning the flap. Twenty- eight cases have gained normal weight bearing ambulation. Ulcer occurred in one case, giving an ulcer rate of 3.4％ . The sensation have recovered to S2－ S3 in 16 cases repaired with reconstruction of cutaneous sensory nerves. Thirteen cases repaired with non- innervated flaps and full- thickness grafting showed deep pain sensation, and over the 1－ 2 cm area coverage around the flaps there was light touch sensation. No significant difference was found in the ulcer rate between reinnervated and non- innervated flaps. Conclusion Defects of the weight- bearing area in sole must be repaired with flaps. The medial foot island flap, medial pedal island flap, toe arterial flap and anterolateral thigh flap are the appropriate options. Defects of the non- weight- bearing area could be repaired with full- thickness grafting. The transplantation of non- sensory skin flaps can re- establish the sensory function, so the reconstruction of sensory nerve is of minor importance.

Objective: To prepare human cementum extract and to assess its protein content. Methods: Human permanent teeth were collected from the oral surgery clinic. Cementum was obtained from freshly extracted healthy teeth without inflammation.Connective tissue adhereing to the root surfaces was removed, and cementum was harvested with a curette. Then the cementum was treated by CH 3COOH and guanidine respectively to obtain two extracts. Protein content was assessed by sodium dodecyl sulphate ( SDS) polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Results: Extract obtained from CH 3COOH treatment consisted of two kind of proteins ( M r 55 000 and M r 68 000); that of guanidine consisted of four kind of proteins ( M r 62 000, M r 60 000 , M r 5 5000 and M r 41 000).Conclusion: The methods used is an applicable way to prepare cememtum extracts.

Objective: To study the bioactivity of human cementum extract . Methods: Cementum was harvested from freshly extracted heatlhy teeth and cementum extract was prepared by guanidine. Human gingival fibroblast and MC3T3 E1 osteoblast were cultured. The cells were incubated in DMEM with cementum extract concentration 0, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 ?g/ml for an hour respectively, the cell attachment rate was measured by cell counting. The attachment rate of the cells in different incubation time(30 min,60 min, 90 min, 120 min) in DMEM containing 10 ?g/ml cementum extract was also assayed.Results: The extract increased the cell attachment rate in a concentration and time dependent effect. The extract at the concentration of 10 ?g/ml and with exposuse time of 90 min gave the most effective increase of cell attachment. Conclusion: Human cementum extract prepared by guanidine contains some bioactive proteins that promote the attachment of gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts.