Objective To discuss the etiological factor,diagnosis and treatment of gastroduodenal perforation.Methods The clinical datas of 198 cases in our hospital were submitted to a retrospective study.Results There were 44 cases of gastric ulcer,146 cases of gastric ulcer and 8 cases of gastric cancer,while 192 were cured,6 died.196 cases accepted operation(188 with gastroduodenal neoplasty and 8 with subtotal gastrectomy),while 2 were treated by conservative therapy.Conclusion Peptic ulcer is the principal etiological factor of gastroduodenal perforation,and inject air into gastroinotestinal tract with a gastric tube can increase the diagnostic rate.The neoplasty still remain to be a modus operandi of gastroduodenal perforation.

Objective To compare the puncturing hit rate,positive rate of pathological diagnosis and the incidence of complications between color Doppler ultrasound-guided and CT-guided percutaneous biopsy for the qualitative diagnosis of ultrasonic-visual chest lesions.Methods A total of 112 patients,who were encountered from January 2015 to June 2016 in authors' hospital and whose imaging materials suggested the presence of ultrasonic-visual chest lesions,were enrolled in this study.There were no bones or lung air between the thoracic skin and chest lesion to hinder imaging observation.Ultrasound-guided puncturing was employed in 52 patients (ultrasound-guided group) and CT-guided puncturing was adopted in 60 patients (CT-guided group).The puncturing hit rate,positive rate of pathological diagnosis and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results The puncturing hit rate in ultrasound-guided group was 100％ (52/52),which was higher than 91.7％ (55/60) in CT-guided group.The positive rate of pathological diagnosis in ultrasound-guided group was 96.2％ (50/52),which was higher than 80.0％ (48/60)in CT-guided group.The incidence of complications in ultrasound-guided group was 3.8％ (2/52),which was lower than 18.3％(11/60) in CT-guided group.Conclusion For the qualitative diagnosis of ultrasonic-visual chest lesions,ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy is more reliable than CT-guided percutaneous biopsy.

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice (KAP) status quo of the primary caregivers on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the patients with high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).Methods The convenience sampling method was used to extract 139 primary caregivers of the inpatients with high risk of SCD in the cardiology department of our hospital from January to June 2015.The self-designed questionnaire was adopted to perform the KAP status quo investigation on CPR and the influence factors were analyzed.Results The scoring rate of knowledge,attitude and practice about CPR in the primary caregivers were 36.85%,64.26% and 29.24%,respectively;the cultural level,residence place,health status,training experience,first-aid experience and sick time of the patients were the influence factors of KAP on CPR (P<0.05).Conclusion The KAP status quo of CPR among primary caregivers are poor.It is necessary to strengthen CPR training in primary caregivers and improve their KAP level.

Objective: To investigate the expression of survivin in nasal-NK/T cell lymphoma,and to analyze the relationship of the expression with caspase-3 and cell proliferation.Methods: We detected the expressions of survivin,caspase-3 and ki-67 by immunohistochemical EnVision System in 50 cases of nasal-NK/T cell lymphoma and 12 normal lymph nodes,and analyzed the correlation of the survivin gene in the tumor tissues with the caspase-3 gene and ki-67 proliferation.Results: The positive expression rate of survivin was 60%(30/50) in the tumor tissues and 16.7%(2/12) in the normal lymph nodes,with significant differences between the 2 groups(P0.05).The ki-67 proliferation index was significantly higher in the survivin-positive lymphomas(38.23?16.54)% than in the survivin-negative ones.The high expression of the survivin gene was closely correlated with the down-regulation of the caspase-3 gene.Conclusion: survivin may prevent cell apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of caspase-3 play an important role in the carcinogenesis of NK/T cell lymphomas by promoting cell proliferating.

50%) of the stent at 2 weeks follow-up,so did 3 cases at 12 weeks follow-up,and the total stenosis rate was 37.5% and 5 cases manifested full endothelialization(3 different locations of the sample all manifested full endothelialization) ,3 cased manifested partial endothelialization(at least 1 location of the sample didn't show full endothelialization) ,and the two terminal parts were easier to get endothelialization than the central part.Before and after the stent implantation,hepatic function of all cases didn't demonstrate any obvious changes.Conclusions Balloon-expandable covered stent can be implanted in canine hepatic artery successfully,with good apposition ability,full endothelialization,and no influence on hepatic function.

The application of covered stent in vascular malformation such as aneurysm,pseudoneurysm(PSA) ,arteriovenous fistula(AVF) has outcome to an encouraging result.Recently,it has also been effectively used for PTA,TIPS,traumatic lesions of peripheral vessels,and pseudoneurysm of dialysis grafts,etc.But there still remain some issues on the restenosis and endothelialization after the performance with covered stent.This review will pay attention to them.

Objective To study a technology for separating water from gas under microgravity in long-term manned space flight.Methods Several kinds of mixture of water and oxygen were separated by a new water/gas separating matrix and the action of gravity on the process was studied.Results The water/gas separator worked well in the range of gas flow below 2 500 mL/min and water flow below 4～6 L/h.A mixture of gas and water was separated into gas containing no water containing less than 1% gas.The phenomenon of a little oxygen existing in the water flow was explained.It was also found that gravity has nothing to do with the separation.Conclusion Hydrophilic porous membrane can be used to separate water from gas,and further works were continue needed to study the process and to resolve a few problems about water/gas separation under microgravity.

BACKGROUND: Single scattered neurons are needed in most studies on ion channels. However, artificial primary cultured neurons, for the influence from the environment, have a lot of changes in their characteristics. Comparatively, acutely isolated neurons can keep intact physiological characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To establish an ideal method for acute isolation of caudate nucleus neurons and to study their ion channels and signal transduction mechanism with patch clamp technique for the benefit of deeply understanding functions of caudate nucleus. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An observational experiment on cells was performed at the Central Laboratory, Medicine Science College of China Three Gorges University from February to December in 2008. MATERIALS: Twelve 7- to 10-day-old neonatal Wistar rats, of either gender, were selected for this study. METHODS: Scattered single caudate nucleus neuron was obtained from 7- to 10-day-old neonatal Wistar rats with a combination of enzymatic and mechanical separation method. Voltage-dependent calcium currents were determined with whole-cell patch clamp technique MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Observation of morphology and electrophysiological characteristics of acutely isolated caudate nucleus neurons with whole-cell patch clamp. RESULTS: The caudate nucleus neuron acutely isolated with protease digestion and mechanical isolation method was found to have regular configuration, intact cell membrane, long neuraxons, excellent morphology and physiological nature. Their L-calcium ion channel current observation showed electrical parameters within normal physiological range, and activity of voltage-dependent calcium ion channel was well preserved. CONCLUSION: As neurons isolated in this way have normal morphology and long neuraxons, and activities of primary iron channels are well preserved, we conclude that an acute isolation method of caudate nucleus neurons from neonate rats with patch clamp technique is successfully established.

Objective To observe the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated infection during pregnancy on the expression of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and density of dendritic spines in CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus of rat offspring,so as to explore the mechanisms for learning and memory injury of rat offspring which were infected during prenatal period,then to provide scientific experimental evidence for the prevention of prenatal infection-induced delayed neuropsychiatric sequelae which contributed to learning and memory dysfunction.Methods Ten-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats (n =30) were matched with male rats (1 ∶ 1).Pregnant rats were randomly divided into a control group (n =10) and an experimental group (n =20).The pregnant rats in experimental group were treated with LPS (66 μg/kg,intraperitoneally),and the pregnant rats in control group were intraperitoneally injected with same volume of saline on gestational day 10.On postnatal day 48,Morris water maze was used to estimate the ability of learning and memory;the brain tissues of offspring were taken and paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin eosin (HE) for histological observation of CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus;frozen sections were treated with indirect immunofluorescence to observe the expression of MR in CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus;Golgi-Cox method was used to observe the density of dendritic spines of CA1 region.Results In Morris water maze test,from the third day the time of escape latency in experimental group [the 3rd day:(42.603 ± 9.837) s;the 4th day:(30.222 ± 9.789) s;the 5th day:(28.808 ± 12.526) s] was significantly higher than that of the control group [the 3rd day:(28.078±14.088) s;the 4th day:(20.692±13.099) s;the 5th day:(14.632 ±11.624) s] (the 3rd day:t =-3.274,P＜0.01;the 4th day:t =-2.257,P ＜0.05;the 5th day:t =-3.213,P＜0.01);the swimming time in the target quadrant [(14.660 ± 7.337) times] and the number of crossing platform [(0.933 ± 0.704) times] in experi mental group were significantly decreased compared with those of the control group [time:(23.820 ± 6.321) s;num bers:(2.000 ± 0.756) times] (t =3.663,4.000,all P ＜ 0.01).Hematoxylin eosin staining showed that the nerve cells of the hippocampus in the control group distributed in order,nucleuses were round or oval,nucleoli were obvious,and chromatins were homogeneous;but the cells in the experimental group distributed in disorder and pathological changes were detected,such as cellular swelling,necrosis and obvious nuclear pyknosis.By immunofluorescence staining,the average optical density (AOD) of MR in CA1 region decreased significantly in the experimental group (0.067 ± 0.017) compared with that of the control group (0.083 ± 0.009) (t =2.644,P ＜ 0.05).In Golgi-Cox method,the density of dendritic spines in experimental group [(7.705 ± 0.791)/10 μm] was below that of the control group [(9.655 ± 1.391)/10 μm] (t =3.852,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions LPS-mediated infection during pregnancy might lead to hippocampus-dependent learning and memory dysfunction which might be associated with the reduced expression of MR and the low density of dendritic spines in CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the expression of tissue factor and explore its clinical significances in pulmonary artery after acute pulmonary thromboembolism.Methods Thirty-four Japanese white rabbits (Level Ⅱ animals) were randomly (random number) assigned into four groups:group A (specimen of pulmonary artery was taken 3 hours after pulmonary embolism,n =8),group B (specimen of pulmonary artery was taken 8 hours after pulmonary embolism,n =8),group C (specimen of pulmonary artery was taken 24 hours after pulmonary embolism,n =8) and control group (pseudo-operations were carried out without injecting autologous blood clots,n =10).The animal model of pulmonary thromboembolism was established by injecting autologous blood clots into jugular vein through a 5F catheter and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography.The mRNA expression of TF in different parts of pulmonary artery was assayed by RT-PCR.The q test was utilized if there was a significant difference in a given continuous variable among three groups analyzed by ANOVA.Results The TF expression in the specimen adjacentto emboli was stable at 3 h,8 h or 24 hours after embolism.The mRNA expression of TF at 3 h and 8 h after embolism was lower in specimen taken from distal-end of morbid pulmonary artery than those adjacent to emboli.While at 24 hours after embolism,there were similar mRNA expressions in specimen either adjacent or distal to emboli.Conclusions The high expression of tissue factor in pulmonary artery tissue adjacent to emboli could lead to locally increased coagulation activity,indicating the necessity of initiating anti-coagulation treatment as soon as possible after acute pulmonary embolism.