Objective To research the forming technology of Chuansu Jiuxin dropping pills.Methods The pills were prepared by dropping method.The forming technology of the pills was optimized by single factor test and orthogonal experiment by using the amount of PEG4000 to PEG6000, ratio of drug-matrix ,dropping temperature and speed as factors and with pill weight RSD,the time limit of collapse and appearance quality of the pills as evaluation indexes.Results Using PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 as matrix with the ratio of 4:1 and dimethyl silicone oil(100 mPa· s)as refrigerant at 5~15℃,the optimized parameters for the forming technology were as follows:the ratio of herbal extract to matrix was 1:3,the dropping temperature was at 90 ℃ and the dropping speed was 35 drops per minute,dropping from 4 cm.Conclusion The optimized technology is sample and feasible,and can provide a reference for industrial production of Chuansu Jiuxin dropping pills.

AIM: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) has been acknowledged as a simple and feasible study method of evaluating cardiorespiratory function, motor ability and quality of life in all testees. This study was designed to evaluate the value of 6MWT in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: ①Fifty patients diagnosed with COPD were enrolled from Department of Respiratory Medicine in the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University from January 2001 to December 2006, including 34 males and 16 females, with a mean age of (70.1?8.9) years; and 62 patients with other diseases admitted in Department of Respiratory Medicine were taken as controls, including 30 males and 32 females, with a mean age of (66.5?10.1) years. Informed consents were obtained from all testees.②All patients were tested with 6MWT, lung function and MRC dyspnea scale, and the results were conducted for t test, ROC curve analysis, linear correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Pearson correlation coefficient was also calculated. RESULTS: All the testees were involved in the result analysis.①6MWT results: Compared with control group, the degression fraction of blood oxygen saturation was significantly higher and 6-minute walk distance was significantly shorter in the COPD patients (P

Objective To discuss the feasibility and the effects of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in the treatment of the osteoporotic compression fracture in theupper and middle thoracic vertebrae.Methods The study included 101 patients.55 cases were treated with PVP (observation group) and 46 cases were treated with conservative treatment (control group).The clinical efficacy of those two different treatment methods was evaluated by the changes of VAS score,ODI score,vertebral height and Cobb angle before versus after treatment.Results VAS and ODI scores at 48 hours and 6 weeks after treatment was significantly lower in observation group than in the control group (all P＜0.05).Although there was no significant difference in VAS and ODI scores between the two groups after 6 months of treatment (both P＞0.05),the anterior and middle vertebral height was decreased and Cobb angle of spine was increased in control group as compared with observation group (both P＜ 0.05).Conclusions PVP is an effective and safe method in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in upper and middle thoracic vertebrae.The short-and long-term evaluation indexes are better in PVP than in conservative treatment.But the surgery should be proceeded under highly clear perspective equipment by the surgeons with highly level professional technology.Because the surgery is highly risky,surgery should be proceeded with cautions.

Objective To observe the fusion rate by using cage filled with osteophyte in anterior cervical disectomy and fusion.Methods From January 2010 to July 2012,81 patients receiving anterior cervical disectomy and spine fusion underwent treatment with cages containing exclusively autologous osteophyte collected from both anterior and posterior vertebral edges adjacent to the intervertebral space.There were 52 males and 29 females,aged from 55 to 78 years,average 64.1 years in this study.46 patients received one-level fusion,and 35 patients received two-level fusion respectively.Patients were followed up at 3 months,6 months and 1 year after operation.The fusion was evaluated by X-ray film and reconstructive CT.Results The total fusion rate after 3 months of operation was 76.5％ (62/81),the one-level and two-level fusion rate were 78.3％ (36/46) and 74.3％ (26/35),respectively.The total fusion rate after 6 months of operation was 93.8％ (76/81),the one-level and two-level fusion rate were 95.7％ (44/46) and 91.4％ (32/35),respectively.The total fusion rate was 100％ (81/81) after 1 year of operation.No statistically significant difference in fusion rate was found between the two groups.Conclusions The method of using cage filled with osteophyte can acquire ideal fusion rate in one-and two-level anterior cervical disectomy,fusion and plate fixation.

Objective To investigate the association between gene polymorphism of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) in Qinghai Han population.Methods Ninety cases of Graves disease were selected from June 2011 to February 2014 in The People's Hospital of Qinghai Province,and the 90 patients were divided into two subgroups according to GO (49 cases) and GD without GO(41 cases).Then the genotype and allele of CTLA-4 exon 1 (+ 49A/G) were detected in surum by the method of polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results The distribution of CTLA-4 exon 1 (+ 49 A/G) genotype frequencies (AA,AG,GG) was not different between GO and GD without GO subgroups [4.1％ (2/49) to 7.3％ (3/41),44.9％ (22/49) to 61.0％ (25/41),51.0％ (25/49) to 31.7％ (13/41),Fisher exact probability,P =0.180 ＞ 0.05]; the distribution of CTLA-4 exon 1 (+ 49A/G) allele frequencies (A,G) was not different between GO and GD without GO subgroups [26.5％ (26/98) to 37.8％ (31/82),73.5％ (72/98) to 62.2％ (51/ 82),x2 =2.622,P＞ 0.05].Conclusion CTLA-4 gene exon 1 (+ 49A/G) may not be a candidate susceptibility gene for Qinghai Han GO.

Objective To investigate the influence of Hui medicine flatiron moxibustion therapy and nursing intervention on pain and serum IL-2,TNF-α in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients before and after treatment and care interventions.Methods 89 cases RA hospitalized patients from Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology department of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were collected and were randomly divided into the control group (43 cases) and the treatment group (46 cases) from May 2011 to September 2013.Two groups used a combination method of overall and portion acupoints.The control group used warm acupuncture,30 min every time,1 time per day,routine care was given.The treatment group was given with Hui medicine flatiron moxibustion instrument by the professional Chinese medicine nurses,direct moxibustion acupoints site to portion skin slight degree redness,30 min every time,1 time per day,and with routine care,focused on the reasons things out the enlighten,emotion,suggested transferring,calm the nerves of the traditional Chinese medicine psychological care guidance.10 times as a course,to rest for 3～5 days on treatment interval,for efficacy evaluation after three courses.Meanwhile,before and after the application,to test the pain degree with NPRS; to assess the psychological and emotional status with SCL-90,serum IL-2 and TNF-α levels were tested with radioimmunoassay.Results The total effective rate was 89.13％ on the treatment group,the control group was 74.42％.After treatment,the NPRS,SCL-90 scores were significantly improved than those before treatment; the NPRS,SCL-90 scores of the treatment group were better than those of the control group.After treatment,serum IL-2 and TNF-α levels were significantly improved compared with those before treatment; after treatment,IL-2 and TNF-α levels of the treatment group were better than those of the control group.All the above comparison had statistical significance.Conclusions Hui medicine flatiron moxibustion therapy and nursing intervention may effectively improve pain in RA patients,ease the psychological anxiety,increase serum IL-2,TNF-α levels,enhance the quality of life for patients,and promote disease recovery.

Aim To study the protective effects of dipfluzine against the whole cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury and its mechanisms.Methods Four-vessel occlusion method was used to make the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model.In early period of reperfusion,several including LDH,MDA,SOD and brain water content were tested.And in the late period of reperfusion,the delayed neuronal death and amnesia induced by reperfusion were studied.Results The contents of brain water and MDA were increased,and the activities of SOD and LDH were decreased after ischemia and reperfusion injury.The hippocampal structure and memory of rats were also destroyed in the delayed neuronal death.Dip reversed the changes obviously.It had antagonistic effect on brain edema and lipid oxidation,it also protected the neurons of hippocampal CA1 regions from ischemia injury.Conclusion Dip had protective effects on the early stage of reperfusion injury,and delayed neuronal death after the whole cerebral ischemia and reperfusion,which were possibly due to the antagonistic effect on lipid peroxidation.

Aim To explore the effects of hypertension on the contractibility of rat basilar artery and its inter-actions with the sodium pump activity.Methods The basilar artery was respectively isolated from Wistar and SHR rats,and the isometric tension of arterial rings was measured by Multi Myograph System-610M.The cont-ractibilities of arterial rings induced by KCl or 5-HT were compared between the basilar arteries of the two groups of rats to analyze the effect of hypertension on the cerebral vascular tension and the activity of sodium pump.Results In SHR rats,the concentration-re-sponse curves of the contraction of isolated basilar ar-tery rings induced by KCl and 5-HT were significantly shifted to right,and the relaxation of vascular tone in-duced by K+which was reintroduced from the external was attenuated compared with those in the WR.These results suggested that hypertension could significantly decrease the activity of the sodium pump and the con-tractile responses of KCl and 5-HT.OUA could con-tract the basilar artery in a concentration-dependent manner,and its concentration-response curve was opti-mally fitted by a two-site binding model:Kd was 1.7 ×10 -8 and 1.6 ×10 -5 mol·L-1,respectively.The results indicated that the two different function sodium pumps existed in the rat basilar artery:one with the high OUA affinity and the other with the low OUA af-finity.If the high and low affinity sodium pumps were inhibited by 5 ×10 -7 and 10 -4 mol · L-1 OUA,re-spectively,the concentration-response curves of KCl and 5-HT would shift to left in SHR rats but not in WR rats.It suggested that OUA could enhance the contrac-tion induced by KCl and 5-HT significantly,and a concentration-dependent effect was observed in the SHR vascular contraction induced by 5-HT (r =0.9393 ,P<0.05 ).When the two concentrations of OUA were applied,there was no significant difference in the shift left of the concentration-response curves in-duced by KCl in the SHR cerebral vessels.However, the marked difference was shown in the shift left in-duced by 5-HT.The results implied that only the high affinity sodium pump was involved in the contractile re-sponse of SHR cerebral vascular to KCl,whereas,the contractile response of SHR cerebral vascular to 5-HT was induced by both high and low affinity sodium pumps.Conclusion Hypertension could lower the contractile response of the basilar artery to vasocon-strictors,and the mechanism might relate to the de-creased sensitivity of the sodium pump induced by hy-pertension or the increased sensibility of the sodium pump to OUA.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fracture(OVCF)with multifidus muscle and intervertebral disc degeneration in the lower lumbar spine and the lumbar-pelvic parameters in elderly women.Methods:Clinical data of a total of 108 elderly women with osteoporosis were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into the fracture group(n=56)and the control group(n=52)according to the presence of vertebral body compression fractures.Age, body mass index(BMI)and bone mineral density(BMD)were collected in two groups.The angle of pelvic incidence(PI), angle of pelvic tilt(PT), low lumbar lordosis(LLL)and sacral slope(SS)were measured by the standing lumbar lateral X-ray photography.The degree of degeneration of intervertebral disc L 3-S 1 and multifidus muscle were detected by using the lumbar MRI.These parameters were compared between the two groups. Results:The age, BMI and BMD had no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). The degree of intervertebral disc degeneration of L 3-L 4 and L 4-L 5 was statistically significant higher in the fracture group than in the control group( Z=-4.656 and -2.675, P=0.000 and 0.007), while the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration of L 5-S 1 had no statistically significant difference between the two groups( Z=-1.784, P=0.075). There were statistically significant higher multifidus muscle degeneration of L 3-L 4 and L 4-L 5 in the fracture group than in the control group( Z=-3.248 and -4.073, P=0.001 and 0.000), while no significant difference between the two groups in multifidus muscle degeneration of L 5-S 1( Z=-1.096, P=0.282). No statistically significant differences were found in PI, PT, SS and LLL between the two groups( t=1.162, 0.827, -0.082 and -0.677, P=0.248, 0.410, 0.935 and 0.500). Conclusions:The degeneration of intervertebral disc and multifidus muscle of L 3-L 4 and L 4-L 5 is positively correlated with OVCF in elderly women.

Objective To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar instability in the elderly.Methods Retrospective study was done on 45 elderly patients diagnosed as lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar instability treated by modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion from June 2011 to December 2012.There were 25 males and 20 females aged from 65 to 78 years [mean (70.64.0) years].The operation time,blood loss,and complications were recorded and analyzed.The visual analog scale (VAS) score,and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were used to assess clinical outcomes before and 3 months after treatment and at the last follow-up.According to the criteria of Brantigan-Steffe,intervertebral fusion was evaluated.Results The operation of 45 patients was successful,and there were no severe complication.The average operative time was (126 23) min,(range,100～ 185 min),and the average amount of blood loss was (272±89) ml (range,180-550 ml).There was no injury of nerve root,dural tear,or deep infection.All patients were followed up for 12 months to 30 months with an average of (20.6±5.8) months.The VAS score of low back pain was decreased from (4.8 ± 1.7) before operation to (1.6 ± 0.5) at 3 months after operation and (1.3±0.3) at last follow-up.The VAS score of leg pain was decreased from (6.7±1.6) before operation to (1.2±0.5) at 3 months after operation and (0.6±0.3) at last follow-up.The JOA score was increased from (13.2±4.9) before operation to (23.8±4.0) at 3 months after operation and (24.1 4.2) at last follow-up.There were significant differences in the VAS score and JOA score between pre-and post-operation (F=68.35,98.58,89.73,all P＜0.05),but no significant difference between 3 months after operation and final follow-up (all P ＞ 0.05).We observed no pedicle screw loosening,breaking,orany pullingout of intervertebral fusion cage.All patients showed evidence of fusion in each operated segment according to the criteria of BrantiganSteffe.Conclusions Modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion has the advantages including less invasion,sufficient decompression,and less interference to neural structures,and it may provide an ideal surgical method for lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar instability in the elderly.