Aim To investigate the changes of Na~+,K~+-ATPase activity and ? isoforms in rat neurons suffered from global ischemia.Methods The BCAL rat was induced by bilateral carotid artery ligation.The contents of H_2O,Na~+ and K~+ in brain tissue were detected.The method of spectrophotometry was applied to measure the activities of Na~+,K~+-ATPase.With immunohistochemical assay,the expression of the Na~+,K~+-ATPase ?_1,?_2,or ?_3 isoform was detected in neurons of rat hippocampus and cortex following ischemia.Results In the BCAL rats,the contents of H_2O and Na~+ were increased while the content of K~+ and the activity of Na~+,K~+-ATPase were decreased.The ?_1,?_2 or ?_3 isoform of Na~+,K~+-ATPase distributed in a tissue-specific fashion in neurons of hippocampus and cortex,in which ?_1 and ?_3 were abundant and ?_3 was more than ?_1,but ?_2 was much less.In BCAL rat,?_1 and ?_3 isoforms were significantly decreased in hippocampus and cortex neurons.Conclusion These results suggest that the changes of Na~+,K~+-ATPase ?_1 and ?_3 isoforms may be involved in the global cerebral ischemia

Objective:To investigate the relationship of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fracture(OVCF)with multifidus muscle and intervertebral disc degeneration in the lower lumbar spine and the lumbar-pelvic parameters in elderly women.Methods:Clinical data of a total of 108 elderly women with osteoporosis were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into the fracture group(n=56)and the control group(n=52)according to the presence of vertebral body compression fractures.Age, body mass index(BMI)and bone mineral density(BMD)were collected in two groups.The angle of pelvic incidence(PI), angle of pelvic tilt(PT), low lumbar lordosis(LLL)and sacral slope(SS)were measured by the standing lumbar lateral X-ray photography.The degree of degeneration of intervertebral disc L 3-S 1 and multifidus muscle were detected by using the lumbar MRI.These parameters were compared between the two groups. Results:The age, BMI and BMD had no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). The degree of intervertebral disc degeneration of L 3-L 4 and L 4-L 5 was statistically significant higher in the fracture group than in the control group( Z=-4.656 and -2.675, P=0.000 and 0.007), while the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration of L 5-S 1 had no statistically significant difference between the two groups( Z=-1.784, P=0.075). There were statistically significant higher multifidus muscle degeneration of L 3-L 4 and L 4-L 5 in the fracture group than in the control group( Z=-3.248 and -4.073, P=0.001 and 0.000), while no significant difference between the two groups in multifidus muscle degeneration of L 5-S 1( Z=-1.096, P=0.282). No statistically significant differences were found in PI, PT, SS and LLL between the two groups( t=1.162, 0.827, -0.082 and -0.677, P=0.248, 0.410, 0.935 and 0.500). Conclusions:The degeneration of intervertebral disc and multifidus muscle of L 3-L 4 and L 4-L 5 is positively correlated with OVCF in elderly women.

Objective To discuss the feasibility and the effects of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in the treatment of the osteoporotic compression fracture in theupper and middle thoracic vertebrae.Methods The study included 101 patients.55 cases were treated with PVP (observation group) and 46 cases were treated with conservative treatment (control group).The clinical efficacy of those two different treatment methods was evaluated by the changes of VAS score,ODI score,vertebral height and Cobb angle before versus after treatment.Results VAS and ODI scores at 48 hours and 6 weeks after treatment was significantly lower in observation group than in the control group (all P＜0.05).Although there was no significant difference in VAS and ODI scores between the two groups after 6 months of treatment (both P＞0.05),the anterior and middle vertebral height was decreased and Cobb angle of spine was increased in control group as compared with observation group (both P＜ 0.05).Conclusions PVP is an effective and safe method in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in upper and middle thoracic vertebrae.The short-and long-term evaluation indexes are better in PVP than in conservative treatment.But the surgery should be proceeded under highly clear perspective equipment by the surgeons with highly level professional technology.Because the surgery is highly risky,surgery should be proceeded with cautions.

Objective To observe the fusion rate by using cage filled with osteophyte in anterior cervical disectomy and fusion.Methods From January 2010 to July 2012,81 patients receiving anterior cervical disectomy and spine fusion underwent treatment with cages containing exclusively autologous osteophyte collected from both anterior and posterior vertebral edges adjacent to the intervertebral space.There were 52 males and 29 females,aged from 55 to 78 years,average 64.1 years in this study.46 patients received one-level fusion,and 35 patients received two-level fusion respectively.Patients were followed up at 3 months,6 months and 1 year after operation.The fusion was evaluated by X-ray film and reconstructive CT.Results The total fusion rate after 3 months of operation was 76.5％ (62/81),the one-level and two-level fusion rate were 78.3％ (36/46) and 74.3％ (26/35),respectively.The total fusion rate after 6 months of operation was 93.8％ (76/81),the one-level and two-level fusion rate were 95.7％ (44/46) and 91.4％ (32/35),respectively.The total fusion rate was 100％ (81/81) after 1 year of operation.No statistically significant difference in fusion rate was found between the two groups.Conclusions The method of using cage filled with osteophyte can acquire ideal fusion rate in one-and two-level anterior cervical disectomy,fusion and plate fixation.

Aim To observe effects of hypertension on contractile/diastolic function and calcium transient in rats ventricular myocytes. Methods The model of one-kidney-one-clip (1k1c) hypertensive rat was pre-pared by partially ligating the left renal artery and removing the right kidney. Left ventricular myocytes were enzymatically isolated. Then the contraction and calcium transient of a single cell from both normal and renovascular hypertensive rats were observed by a video-based motion edge-detection system simultaneously. Effects of calcium in various concentrations on contractile/diastolic function and calcium transient in ventricular myocytes from renovascular hypertensive rats were assessed in the same way. Results Compared with normal cardiac myocytes, the shorting amplitude and the contractile and diastolic velocity were increased significantly in 1k1c hypertensive rat cardiac myocytes. However their intracellular calcium in contractile and diastolic periods, the extent of calcium transient and the parameters of intracellular calcium dynamics were unchanged. But the extracellular calcium of different concentrations could shift the Fura-2 fluorescence ratio-cell shorting amplitude curve from hypertension rat myocytes to the left compared with that from normal rats. Conclusions The hypertension increases the contractility of rat cardiac myocytes, which is due to raising their sensitivity to calcium.

Aim To observe the effects of Xinghuayu parenteral(XHY) solution on hemodynamics, and try to understand its mechanism of pharmocological effects on hemodynamics. Methods Select normal and blood blot model rat to assay hemodynamic. Results ① Both 14 mg?kg -1 and 21 mg?kg -1 doses of XHY could decrease multiphasic hemodynamics index of rat blood blot model with different efficiency;these indexes included: plasm viscosity (P

Objective To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar instability in the elderly.Methods Retrospective study was done on 45 elderly patients diagnosed as lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar instability treated by modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion from June 2011 to December 2012.There were 25 males and 20 females aged from 65 to 78 years [mean (70.64.0) years].The operation time,blood loss,and complications were recorded and analyzed.The visual analog scale (VAS) score,and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were used to assess clinical outcomes before and 3 months after treatment and at the last follow-up.According to the criteria of Brantigan-Steffe,intervertebral fusion was evaluated.Results The operation of 45 patients was successful,and there were no severe complication.The average operative time was (126 23) min,(range,100～ 185 min),and the average amount of blood loss was (272±89) ml (range,180-550 ml).There was no injury of nerve root,dural tear,or deep infection.All patients were followed up for 12 months to 30 months with an average of (20.6±5.8) months.The VAS score of low back pain was decreased from (4.8 ± 1.7) before operation to (1.6 ± 0.5) at 3 months after operation and (1.3±0.3) at last follow-up.The VAS score of leg pain was decreased from (6.7±1.6) before operation to (1.2±0.5) at 3 months after operation and (0.6±0.3) at last follow-up.The JOA score was increased from (13.2±4.9) before operation to (23.8±4.0) at 3 months after operation and (24.1 4.2) at last follow-up.There were significant differences in the VAS score and JOA score between pre-and post-operation (F=68.35,98.58,89.73,all P＜0.05),but no significant difference between 3 months after operation and final follow-up (all P ＞ 0.05).We observed no pedicle screw loosening,breaking,orany pullingout of intervertebral fusion cage.All patients showed evidence of fusion in each operated segment according to the criteria of BrantiganSteffe.Conclusions Modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion has the advantages including less invasion,sufficient decompression,and less interference to neural structures,and it may provide an ideal surgical method for lumbar spinal stenosis with lumbar instability in the elderly.

The varicela-zoster virus(VZV) infection causes central vasculopathy,and then leads to stroke onset. This article review s the correlation betw een VZV infection and stroke onset in order to conduct a comprehensive assessment of patients w ith VZV infection, thereby reducing the risk of stroke after VZV infection.

BACKGROUND:Recent studies have found that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels that culturedin vitro for a long time can naturaly differentiate into neural stem cels, which then differentiate into neurons and glial cels, thereby providing a new therapeutic thinking for Parkinson’s disease, sequela of cerebral infarction, cerebelar atrophy and brain dysplasia.
OBJECTIVE:To discuss the influence of neural stem cel transplantation on neurologic function of rats with cerebral hemorrhage at recovery stage and the relevant mechanism of action.
METHODS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=18), cerebral hemorrhage group (n=21) and transplantation group (n=21). Cerebral hemorrhage models were established in the latter two groups using VII type colagen enzyme induction method. At 21 days of modeling, rats in the transplantation group were injected neural stem cels via the tail vein, and those in the other two groups received the same volume of normal saline. At 7, 14, 21 days after cel transplantation, modified adhesive removal test (MST) was employed to evaluate the neurologic function of rats, and then the rats were kiled. RT-PCR was used to detect angiopoietin-1 mRNA expression in the bleeding tissues, and western blot assay was employed to measure tyrosine kinase receptor-2 protein expression.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the normal group, the MST scores in the cerebral hemorrhage group and transplantation group were significantly decreased (P< 0.05). From the 7th day after transplantation, MST scores in the transplantation group were significantly higher than those in the cerebral hemorrhage group (P < 0.05). At 7, 14, 21 days after transplantation, expressions of angiopoietin-1 mRNA and tyrosine kinase receptor-2 protein were ranked as folows: transplantation group > cerebral hemorrhage group > normal group, and there was a significant difference among the three groups (P< 0.05). These findings indicate that neural stem cel transplantation can effectively promote the neurologic recovery of rats with cerebral hemorrhage at recovery stage, and the concrete mechanism may be related to the increase of angiopoietin-1 mRNA and tyrosine kinase receptor-2 protein in the bleeding tissues.

In order to enhance the practical level of new nurses and improve the training effect and efficiency of new nurses, a management system of standardized training for new nurses has been established in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University since July 2016. A standardized training program including basic and professional training, theoretical and practical training has been developed. Based on the established mobile management system and through the combination of online and offline training, a two-year standardized training was carried out for 289 new nurses. The theoretical test and site-based comprehensive skills test for graduation examination were conducted in July 2018. The results showed that the training bases and trained nurses held a positive attitude towards the standardized training mode and the completion rate of training program in each stage was 100%. This training mode has an excellent training effect and can ensure the implementation of training programs and the improvement of training efficiency.