Objective To explore the relationship between serum levels of procalcition (PCT),CRP and pneumonia,and its clinical significance.Methods Serum levels of PCT and CRP were measured with electrochemiluminescence and immunoturbidimetry respectively in 418 children with pneumonia and 120 healthy children.Results Serum levels of PCT and CRP in pediatric pneumonia group were significantly higher than those of control group(F =24.13,8.73,all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of PCT and CRP in the bacterial pneumonia group were higher than those of viral pneumonia group (t =23.58,38.77,all P ＜ 0.05).The CRP level of mycoplasmal pneumonia group,was higher than that of the viral pneumonia group (t =38.37,P ＜ 0.05),while the serum PCT level between the viral pneumonia group and mycoplasmal pneumonia group had no significant difference (t =3.80,P ＞ 0.05).The serum PCT and CRP levels were gradually increased with the aggravation of the pneumonia.Conclusion Determination of serum PCT and CRP can be used as a conventional index for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia.In addition,the serum levels of PCT and CRP gradually increased with the increase of the severity,its level can help to assess the severity of pneumonia.

Melanoma antigen A is a kind of rumor-associated antigen,which expresses in various types of hunman malignant tumor tissues especially in melanoma.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a kind of malignant epithelial tumor with high incidence which occurs in liver.Searching for effective diagnosis and treatment methods of it become a pressing task.It is confirmed that MAGE-A gene is highly expressed in HCC tissues which has great significance to the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis for HCC.

In clinical practice,regional portal hypertension is infrequent,but it is the only type which could be cured of portal hypertension.Pancreatic diseases are the chief pathogeny of regional portal hypertension,and the obstruction of spleen vein is the basic reason.The common clinical manifestation is isolatism varicose veins of pylorus.The golden standard of its iconography diagnosis is DSA,and the treatment should follow the individual principle.The splenectomy is the basic measure for them who have UGIB or hypersplenism.This is a review about recent advance in regional portal hypertension of etiology and classification,pathology and physiology,clinical manifestation,diagnosis,radiographic examination,cure,and so on.

Objective Videofluoroscopy could identify the pathophysiologic changes of swallowing and be help to make management plan. The study was to identify image manifestation and characteristics of dysphagia in stroke under X-ray. Methods Videofluoroscopy were performed in 56 stroke inpatients and 30 healthy volunteers who drunk 1, 3 and 5 ml barium with viscosity of 60%w/v, 180%w/v and ate half piece of cake smeared with barium. Abnormal swallowing and quantitative measurements in antero-posterior and lateral position were recorded. Chi square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to identify abnormal swallowing associated with accidental aspiration. Rank test and t test were used to analysis the difference of quantitative measurements between control and accidental aspiration group. Results All the swallowing apparatus could be injured after stroke which led to a variety of abnormal oral and pharyngeal swallowing including decreased tongue and palate motility, insufficient glottis closure, delayed swallowing, accidental aspiration etc. All patients presented abnormality in pharyngeal phase and 46 in oral phase. Compared with that of volunteers, height and velocity of larynx elevation decreased, opening width of cricopharyngeal muscle reduced and swallowing latency prolonged in dysphagia patients. Accidental aspiration was seen in 34 patients, of whom 14 patients presented silent aspiration. Statistic analysis showed that decreased tongue movement(P=0.021), poor tongue-hard palate contact (P=0.021), insufficient glottis closure(P=0.011), decreased height and velocity of larynx elevation(P=0.003), delayed swallowing (P=0.001) and penetration (P=0.000) were associated with accidental aspiration. Conclusions Stroke may injure all the swallowing apparatus, more frequently in pharyngeal phase. Tongue weakness, insufficient glottis closure, poor larynx elevation, delayed swallowing and penetration are associated with accidental aspiration.

Objective To identify whether abnormal clinical manifestations of dysphagia in stroke patients could predict associated imaging abnormalities. Methods Clinical evaluations and videofluoroscopy were performed on 56 consecutive cases of stroke. The clinical and image manifestations of dysphagia were observed and analyzed u-sing logistic regression analysis. Results A bolus leaking from the mouth was found (P =0.037) to predict abnormal lip closure. Raising the head when swallowing (P =0.010) and dysarthria (P =0.025) were found to predict reduced tongue movement. Exertion in swallowing (P = 0.016) could predict poor laryngeal elevation. Abnormal la-ryngeal elevation (P =0.024) and reduced or absent gag reflex (P =0.005) were found to predict insufficient epiglottis tilt down. Coughing caused by swallowing could predict incomplete vocal fold closure (P =0.011) and aspiration (P = 0.042). Conclusion Videofluoroscopic manifestations could be predicted to some extend by some clinical swallowing abnormalities, which could increase the accuracy of clinical evaluation and help in the management of dysphagia in those who could not endure videofluoroscopy.

The techniques for endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases mainly include endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasonography,which have achieved great progress in recent years.Meanwhile,new techniques including combined therapy with endoscopy and laparoscopy and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery have gradually been applied in clinical practice.In the future,it is necessary to cultivate interdisciplinary experts in the field of endoscopy who master various endoscopic techniques and integrated talents with experience in both transluminal operation and gastrointestinal surgery outside lumens.At present,there are still controversies over the application of new techniques in the treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases.The diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases can be further improved by promoting the application of biliary and pancreatic endoscopy and standardization,accumulating experience and improving devices,evaluating clinical research,and promoting the bench-to-bedside translation of new techniques.

Action of electromagnetic radiation exerting on human body has been a concerned issue for people. Because electromagnetic waves could generate an electric stress in a discontinuous medium, we used the finite difference time domain (FDTD) as calculation methods to calculate the electric stress and its distribution in human head caused by high-frequency low-power electromagnetic environment, which was generated by dual-band (900 MHz and 1 800 MHz) PIFA antennas with radiated power 1 W, and we then performed the safety evaluation of cell phone radiation from the angle whether the electric stress further reached the human hearing threshold. The result showed that there existed the electric stress at the interface of different permittivity organization caused by the two kinds of high-frequency low-power electromagnetic environment and the maximum electric stress was located at the interface between skin and air of the phone side, and the electric stress peak at skull did not reach the threshold of auditory caused by bone tissue conduction so that it can not produce auditory effects.
Auditory Threshold ; Cell Phone ; Electricity ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Electromagnetic Radiation ; Head ; radiation effects ; Humans

Interventional pulmonary procedures performed by flexible bronchoscopy has been widely used in the adult clinics.However,pediatric interventional pulmonary procedures are different from adult in anesthesia methods,equipment,technology and so on.At present.it is more limited.This review showed the experiences of pediatric bronchoscopy in Taipei Veterans General Hospital of Taiwan,China.

Objective To explore whether phenylalanine affect Cdc42, Racl, and RhoA expression and disturb dendritic development. To determine the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on this process. Methods Neurons were cultivated up to 3 days and then treated with 0.9 mmol/L phenylalanine or 100 ng/ml BDNF. Dendritic number were determined by morphologic analysis. Cdc42, Racl, and RhoA protein expression were examined by Western blotting analysis. ResultsThe number of dendrites in cultured neurons reduced two days after being treated with phenylalanine,while BDNF could rescue this change(P < 0.01), furthermore, BDNF was found to inhibit phenylalanineinduced down-regulation of Cdc42, Racl, and RhoA protein expression(P < 0.01). Conclusions Our study indicated that the protective effect of BDNF against phenylalanine-induced neuronal injury is probably mediated by expression of Cdc42, Racl,and RhoA. It suggested a potential neuroprotective action of BDNF in prevention and treatment of brain injury in the patients with phenylketonuria.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)are widely utilized as seed cells or carriers in bone tissue engineering and gene therapy.Thus,how to obtain BMSCs with high purity arose more attentions of researchers.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of different separation methods and culture conditions on biological characteristics of rabbit BMSCs.METHODS:BMSCs were obtained by whole bone marrow culture,density grand centrifugal and red blood cell lysis.At 48 hours after culture,the cell numbers were counted,the time of passage was recorded,in addition,the cell morphology was observed by phase contrast microscope,and the CD44 antigen expression was identified using flow cytometry.The 3rd and the 7th generation aging cells were cultured with DMEM-LG,MEM-HG,and DMEM/F12 culture medium.MTT and count cell plat were used to evaluate the growth of BMSCs.Phase contrast microscope was used to observe the morphological changes of aging cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:BMSCs could be separated by each method.The adherent cells showed shuttle or multiple angle shapes,with rich cytoplasm,and positive for CD44 antigen.The more cell number and shortest primary culture time was presented in red blood cell lysis group(P ＜ 0.05).DMEM/F12 could promote the proliferation of quiescent cells.And the cells prevented the better viability.The method of read blood cell lysis improving the efficiency of BMSCs adherent is an effective method of extraction of BMSCs.DMEM/F12 could promote the proliferation Maybe,DMEM/F12 is more suitable for BMSCs.