ObjectiveTo establish the reference intervals of serum triiodothyronine (TT3),the thyroxine ( TT4 ),free triiodothyronine ( FT3 ),free thyroxine ( FT4 ) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)in the apparently healthy individuals of Beijing and Shanghai.Methods According to the requirement for laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid diseases in the National Academy ofClinicalBiochemistry(NACB)laboratorymedicinepracticeguidelines, therewere 390 apparently healthy individuals tested (221 male,169 female,18 -65 years old) from Beijing and Shanghai for serum TT3,TT4,FT3,FT4 and TSH on American Beckman UniCel DXI 800 Automatic Chemiluminescent Analyzer.All markers were analyzed between gender,region,age group using t test and ANOVA.The reference intervals of all markers were determined by P2.5 - P97.5.ResultsTT3,TT4,FT3,FT4,TSH levels in the male group were ( 1.90 ± 0.32) nmol/L,( 116.77 ± 18.02) nmol/L,( 5.28 ±0.67) pmol/L,( 11.54 ± 1.97) pmol/L,( 1.92 ± 1.12 ) mIU/L,respectively,while the above indicators in the female group were ( 1.82 ± 0.32) nmol/L,( 115.73 ± 14.39 ) nmol/L,(5.04 ± 0.59 ) pmol/L,( 10.94 ± 1.45) pmol/L,( 2.37 ± 1.86 ) mIU/L,respectively.When comparing the results in genders,statistical significance was shown in TF3,FT3,FT4 and TSH of two gender groups( t =2.377,3.642,3.471,2.520,all P ＜ 0.05 ).When comparing different regions,statistical significance was only shown in FT3 ( t =6.410,P ＜ 0.05 ),in which Beijing group was (5.01 ± 0.63) pmol/L,and Shanghai group was (5.41 ±0.61 ) pmol/L,and no significant difference were shown in other four markers.Correlation analysis showed that TT4 was positively correlated with age (r =0.22,P ＜ 0.001 ) while TSH was negatively correlated with age ( r =- 0.12,P ＜ 0.05 ).TT3,TT4,FT3,FT4,TSH reference intervals were ( 1.22 - 2.50 ) nmol/L,(83.37 - 149.37 ) nmol/L,( 3.88 - 6.48 ) pmol/L,( 7.70 - 14.86) pmol/L,( 0.38 - 5.58 ) mIU/L,respectively.ConclusionDifferences of serum thyroid hormones were observed in different areas of China,It is important to establish reference intervals of the serum thyroid hormones in Chinese population.

Objective To compare the cardiac structure and function between diabetic and non-diabetic with different peritoneal transport type.Methods A total of 84 patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in our center for 6 months were enrolled in this study.Forty-six patients of subjects were diabetic,another 38 were non-diabetic.Patients were divided into four groups according to the results of peritoneal equilibration test (PET) and the ratio of creatinine concentration in dialysate solution and plasma (D/P creatinine concentration).Patients with D/P creatinine concentration ＞ 0.65 were with high permeability and otherwise were low permeability.The four groups were diabetic-H (high permeability) group,diabetic-L(low permeability) group,non-diabetic-H (high permeability) group,non-diabetic-L (low permeability) group.The levels of left atrial diameter (LAD),left ventricular diameter(LVD),interventricular septal thickness(IVST),left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPWT),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) were measured before and after 6-month peritoneal dialysis by ultrasonic doppler.Results Before peritoneal dialysis,there were no significant difference in the terms of all parameters among four groups(P ＞0.05).After 6 months of peritoneal dialysis,the albumin levels,IVST,LVPWT and LVEF in diabetic-L group,non-diabetic-L,diabetic-H group and non-diabetic-H group were ((36.57 ± 3.34),(37.21 ± 4.12),(34.19 ± 3.98),(34.51 ± 4.52) g/L respectively;F =9.034),((10.45 ± 1.12),(10.17 ± 1.35),(11.32 ± 1.09),(11.46 ± 1.38) mm respectively;F =7.525),((9.58 ± 1.42),(9.47 ± 1.31),(10.71 ± 1.40),(10.15 ± 1.41) mm respectively; F =4.963) and ((63.98 ± 4.73) ％,(63.92 ± 5.17) ％,(60.12 ± 5.12) ％,(61.43 ± 5.57) ％respectively ;F =6.984),and the differences were statistic significant (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to diabetic-H group and non-diabetic-H group,there were significant difference in the terms of all above indexes between diabetic-L group,non-diabetic-L (P ＜ O.05).Conclusion The peritoneal transport.type of diabetic patients is high permeability,which might be an important factor affecting cardiac complications in patients.

Objective To investigate the value of clinical parameters in predicting the initiation of renal replacement therapy(RRT) in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients with cardiorenal syndrome (CRS).Methods A total of 75 AKI patients hospitalized with CRS were enrolled.All patients received pharmacologic therapy on the beginning 3 days.The patients whose heart function improved were divided into control group (n=39),and the patients whose heart function worsened were divided into RRT group (n=36).Clinical and laboratory data on the first day and the fourth day were collected and analyzed.The factors on the first day were labeled asⅠ ,and those on the fourth day were labeled asⅡ. The ratio of some parameters calculated were labeled asⅡ/Ⅰ .Area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of these factors was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity in predicting the initiation of RRT.Results The patients in RRT group had significantly higher levels of BNP-Ⅱ,BNP Ⅱ / Ⅰ and creatinine Ⅱ / Ⅰ (P ＜ 0.01),and lower levels of 24 hours urine volume-Ⅰ and 24 hours urine volume-Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.01).From ROC curve analysis,the AUC of 24 hours urine volume-Ⅰ,24 hours urine volume-Ⅱ,creatinine Ⅱ / Ⅰ,BNP-Ⅱ levels and BNP Ⅱ/Ⅰ to predict RRT were 0.736,0.875,0.747,0.779 and 0.894 respectively.When the cutoff values of 24 hours urine volume-Ⅰ,24 hours urine volume-Ⅱ,BNP-Ⅱ levels,BNP Ⅱ / Ⅰ and creatinine Ⅱ / Ⅰ were 905 ml (sensitivity 75％,specificity 94.9％),1450 ml (sensitivity 75％,specificity 100％),3360 ng/L (sensitivity 72.2％,specificity 100％),1.37 (sensitivity 75％,specificity 100％) and 1.25 (sensitivity 72.2％,specificity 94.4％) respectively,the value of the parameters to predict RRT was high.Conclusions The 24 hours urine volume,BNP levels after treatment and the dynamic changes of BNP levels and creatinine levels can be used as predictors of the initiation of RRT in the AKI patients with CRS.

0.05).While there were significant differences when comparing CINⅠwith CINⅡ-Ⅲ(?2=14.97,P

OBJECTIVE: Transplantation of stem cell, especially neural stem cell, has been proven effective in treating nervous system diseases in animal models,which provides new hopes for recovery of nerve functions in patients suffering from various nervous system diseases. Multiple studies have been conducted on the role of neural stem cells in repairing nerve functions, and several hypotheses have been proposed to explain how the stem cells or neural stem cells acts to recover nerve function.DATA SOURCES: We searched Medline for English articles from January 1997 to August 2003 with stem cell, neural stem cell, bone marrow stromal cell, stroke, ischemic injury, nervous system disease, and neurotrophic factor as the keywords. We also searched Wangfang database for Chinese articles with the same keywords from January 2003 to December 2004.STUDY SELECTION: The articles found in these two databases were primarily screened with the inclusion criteria as follow: the subjects should be animals or human; and the study should be the basic and/or clinical researches on(neural) stem cells.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 72 English and Chinese articles were found in the two databases, among which 14 articles were closely associated with the present study and 10 were indirectly related. Eight articles were excluded for repetition in the contents. Finally 16 articles were included for analysis.DATA SYNTHESIS: The full text of the articles were reviewed and summarized. The results of these articles suggest that neural stem cells are valuable in treating cerebral vascular diseases, brain and spine injury, nerve degeneration diseases, and peripheral nerves diseases.CONCLUSION: Stem cells, especially neural stem cells, play active roles in treating nervous systeme diseases such as differentiation promotion, nerves nourishing, and nerve substitute.

Objective To express recombinant chicken interleukin 2 (IL-2) in Pichia yeast eukaryotic cell expression system for a massive preparation of chicken IL-2. Methods Spleen lymphocytes taken from Xiaoshan chicken were activated by ConA in vitro. Chicken IL-2 gene was amplified and cloned into pPIC9. The pPIC9-IL-2 was transformed into Pichia yeast by electroporation. The recombinants were induced by methanol for the expression of recombinant protein. Results The protein was examined with SDS-PAGE and Western bloting. A specific molecular weight band at about 30 ku appeared. Conclusion The recombinant protein of chicken IL-2 has been expressed in Pichia yeast.

Objective To explore the relationship between serum magnesium level,abdominal aortic calcification(AAC) and mineral metabolism in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysispatients.Methods Sixty-two cases patients who were on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Pritoneal Dialysis Center of Qingdao Municipal Hospital were enrolled prospectively.The AAC was detected by abdomen lateral plain radiographs,and the AAC score(AACs) was calculated.According to the AACs,the patients were divided into group A(AACs≤4 points) and group B(from >4 point to ≤15 point) and group C(AACs>15 point).And collected the patient′s clinical data and blood biochemical indicators.The serum magnesium levels of 3 groups were observed,and explored the relationship of serum magnesium and intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH),serum calcium,serum phosphorus.Results There were 41 cases of vascular calcification in 62 cases maintenance ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients,and its incidence was 66.13%.Group levels of serum magnesium were in group A was (1.00±0.18) mmol/L,(0.89±0.10) mmol/L of group B,and (0.75±0.13) mmol/L of group C,the mean differences were significant(F=11.99,P<0.05),and the group A was significantly higher than the group B and C,the differences were significant(P<0.05),the group B was significantly higher than the group C,the difference was significant(P<0.05).There was negatively correlation between serum magnesium and iPTH(r=-0.288,P<0.05),serum phosphorus(r=-0.272,P<0.05) and AACs(r=-0.610,P<0.01).While there was no significant correlation of serum calcium(r=0.174,P>0.05).Conclusion Vascular is the calcification frequent complications in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.The serum level of serum magnesium may be correlated with the AAC,iPTH,serum phosphorus.

ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) of rats differentiating into endothelial cells.MethodsBone marrow cells were obtained by an aseptic technique. Afterwards, the obtained cells were divided into two groups: cells in test group were propagated in 1640 medium with recombinant human GM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) (400ng/ml), and that in control group were propagated in medium with 1640 medium only. The differentiated cells were detected by specific immunology marker by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence at day 8.ResultsThe differentiated cells demonstrated the characters of endothelial cells under phase contrast microscopy. Cells of the test groups demonstrated specific characters by immunocytochemistry stain.ConclusionBone marrow stromal cells can multiply vigorously and differentiate into cells with endothelial cells characters in the medium with high concentration rhGM-CSF.

ObjectiveTo investigate the neuroprotective effects of different doses of BPI-1095 on infarct volume and neurological outcome in middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) rats.MethodsCerebral ischemia model was induced with MCAO in adult male SD rats. 10 minutes after surgery, rats were randomly subjected into six groups with 15 rats in each group. Each rat has been given different dosage tested medication and was sacrificed 24 h after treatment. Neurological functional behaviour tests were performed 4 h and 24 h after treatment. After the final behaviour test, 7 or 8 rats (remain 5 rats for brain tissue stain) were randomly picked up from each group. Their infarction volume was measured with image analysis system after 2% triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) stain. ResultsHigh dose (240 mg/kg) and moderate dose (80 mg/kg) of BPI-1095 were able to improve the neurological deficit in MCAO rats (P<0.05, vs vehicle-treated group), as well as they decrease the infracted volume (P<0.05, vs the vehicle-treated group ) 24 h after ischemia.Conclusion80～240 mg/kg BPI-1095 is able to improve neurological deficit effectively and reduce infarct volume significantly.

Objective To investigate the effect of BPI-1095 on caspase-3 protein expression in middle artery occlusion(MCAO) rats.Methods Cerebral ischemia was induced with MCAO in adult male SD rats.Rats were randomly subjected into 6 groups with 15 rats in each group.Each rat has been given tested medication of different dosage and was sacrificed 24 h after treatment.The area of infarction was measured on each slice by image analysis system.Meanwhile,immunohistochemistry staining was used to identify caspase-3 expression in ischemic brain tissue.Results The infarcted area were significantly decreased in big and moderate dose treated rats(P<0.05,vs the placebo group).The expression of caspase-3 protein decreased in contralateral and ipsilateral hemisphere areas.The caspase-3 positive cell was significantly decreased in rats treated with big doses compared with placebo-or ASA-treated rats.Conclusion BPI-1095 shows neuroprotection in MCAO rats,which may related with the inhibition of caspase-3 expression resulting in apoptosis in penumbra.