Objective To observe the pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG), estradiol-stimulated protein 1 (ESP1) expressions in S, G 2/M phases in A549, SPC-A-1 cell lines. Methods The mammalian cells for cell cycle was synchronizated by thymidine, the total RNA in the S, G 2/M phases was collected, and the total RNA was observed by Real-time PCR. Results PTTG expression in A549 and SPC-A-1 cell lines was higher in S phase than that in G 2/M phase while no PTTG expression in MRC-5 cells in S, G 2/M phases. ESP1 expression in A549, SPC-A-1, MRC-5 cell lines was lower in S phase than that in G 2/M phase. Conclusion That no PTTG in S and G 2/M phases in the normal cell line and PTTG expression in the lung cancer cell line higher in S phase than that in G 2/M phase suggested that the aneuploidy may be caused by the overexpression of PTTG. ESP1 expression was lower in S phase than G 2/M phase in all of the three cell lines, suggesting that sister chromatids separation depend on the active ESP1.

There were a lot of differences between the American and Chinese medical education.Students in American should obtain bachelor's degree of humanities or science before reciveing medical doctor's degree at graduation.High altitude militray medicine is a characteristic discipline of the third military medical university,aming at training general doctors for the plateau.During the designing of high altitude militray medicine curriculum and its teaching process,we actively learned from the advanced experiences of American based on the reality,optimizd currulum,improved teaching methods,greatly cultivated the students' protential in order to increase the qualify of high altitude militray medicine personnel.

Aim To explore the effect of nNOS specific inhibitor 7-nitrioindazole(7-NI) on the neurogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia in the adult mice dentate gyrus.Methods Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).A bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) method was used to identify the proliferated cells in hippocampal dentate gyrus.Step-down test was performed to assay the learning and memory function.Results The number of BrdU~+ cells was increased in the ipsilateral but not contralateral dentate gyrus after focal cerebral ischemia.7-NI promoted the increment in the ipsilateral dentate gyrus significantly.7-NI also improved the survival of the new-born cells,as well as the learning and memory function of ischemic mice.Conclusion Our results indicate that nNOS down-regulates the neurogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effects of forearm cutaneous neurovascular flaps to be used on repairing remote wound.Methods17 cases of soft tissue defect of head and facial region and upper extremity were repaired with forearm cutaneous neurovascular flaps.Results The flaps of 16 cases were entirely survived, partial necrosis appeared in 1 case and healed after changing dressing.Following up for 3 to 6 months, the quality and shape of all the flaps and function recovery of all patients were satisfied.ConclusionsWith adequate blood supply, the survival rate of forearm cutaneous neurovascular flaps is high and the procedure to repair remote wound is easy, and it is one of best ways to repair the soft tissue defect in head and facial region and upper extremity with forearm cutaneous neurovascular flaps.

AIM: To study the protective effects of HIF-1α gene transfection on hypoxic injury in human HepG2 cells. METHODS: After gene transfection, HepG2 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups: normoxia with Ad-GFP transfected group, normoxia with Ad-HIF-1 transfected group, hypoxia with Ad-GFP transfected group and hypoxia with Ad-HIF-1 transfected group. LDH leaking rate, cell viability, contents of NO and ROS, the iNOS activity were measured. RESULTS: High levels of HIF-1α mRNA and protein were detected in Ad-HIF transfected HepG2 cells. Cell viability was significantly lower in Ad-GFP transfected-hypoxia group than that in Ad-GFP transfected-normoxia group (P<0.05). No marked difference of cell viability was found between Ad-HIF transfected-hypoxia group and Ad-HIF transfected-normoxia group. ROS was significantly higher in Ad-GFP transfected-hypoxia group than that in Ad-GFP transfected-normoxia group (P<0.05), while no marked difference was found either between Ad-HIF transfected-hypoxia group and Ad-HIF transfected-normoxia group or between Ad-HIF transfected-hypoxia group and Ad-GFP transfected-hypoxia group. The content of NO and iNOS activity were significantly higher in Ad-HIF transfected-normoxia group and Ad-GFP transfected-hypoxia group than those in Ad-GFP transfected-normoxia group (P<0.05), no marked difference was found either between Ad-HIF transfected-hypoxia group and Ad-GFP transfected-hypoxia group or between Ad-HIF transfected-hypoxia group and Ad-HIF transfected-normoxia group. CONCLUSION: Higher HIF-1α expression is contributed to protective effects against hypoxic injury in HepG2 cells, the mechanisms of which may be correlated with promoting expression of gene regulated by HIF-1 and restraining over-expression of injure factors.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the synthesis technology of sorafenib tosylate (Ⅰ). METHODS:The intermediate N-methyl-(4-chlorpyridin-2-yl)carboxamide(Ⅳ)was obtained by chlorination and amidation with 2-picolinic acid as the starting com-pound. Meanwhile,N-[4-chloro-3-(triflouromethyl)phenyl]-N′-(4-hydroxyphenyl)urea (Ⅶ) was prepared from aminophenol and 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl phenyl isocyanate,which was obtained from 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline(Ⅴ)by reaction with initiator triethylamine. Sorafenib tosylate was synthesized from Ⅳ and Ⅶ with potassium tert-butoxide by condensation and salt for-mation. The target compound was characterized by 1H-NMR. RESULTS:The target compound was confirmed as Ⅰ,with the over-all yield of 74% [based on 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethylanilin)]. The purification of chromatogram was 94%. Optimized technology improves yield and simplifies multi-step intermediate decompression,distillation and purification process;the application of initia-tor shortens the duration of reaction. CONCLUSIONS:Ⅰ is prepared successfully,and raw material can be obtained easily and is easy to operate with high yield.

Objective To investigate the different effects of internal and external biliary drainage on the levels of TNF-α,NO in blood serum and NO,inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in gastric mucosa with obstructive jaundice and explore the mechanism of gastric mucosa damage and compare the quality of internal and external drainage.Methods To establish the animal model:one hundred male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups:obstructive jaundice for 7 days group (OJ-7 d group),obstructive jaundice for 14 days (OJ-14 d group),internal biliary drainage group(ID group),external drainage group(ED group)and sham operation group(SH group).The OJ-7 group rats were executed 7 days after the first operation,the rest four groups were executed 7 days after the secondary surgery,leaving serum and gastric mucosa.Tested the levels of INF-α,NO in blood serum and NO,iNOS in gastric mucosa and did pathological biopsy of gastric mucosa.Results The levels of TNF-α,NO in blood serum and NO,iNOS in gastric mucosa significantly increased in OJ-7 group.The levels of TNF-α,NO in blood serum and NO,iNOS in gastric mucosa continued to rise in OJ-14 group,and was significantly higher than OJ-7 group,the gastric mucosa was obviously impaired.The levels of TNF-α,Internal drainage can significantly NO in blood serum and NO,iNOS in gastric mucosa were significantly lower in ID group,gastric mucosal damage significantly reduced.Conclusions After internal drainage,iNOS expression was inhited in gastric mucosal,NO production was significantly reduced,led to protect the gastric mucosa,which provide experimental basis for choice in OJ clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of Zuogui Jiangtang Yishen decoction (ZGJTYS) on the expression of nephrin and podocin in podocyte of MKR mice with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and explore its mechanism. Methods Forty MKR mice (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups as follows:negative control group (group A), DN model group (group B), ZGJTYS group (group C) and positive control group (group D, Gliquidone and benazepri). All mice from group B, C and D were received high-fat diet feed and unilateral nephrectomy. Four weeks after operation, all mice were received drug intervention, and four weeks later, all mice were put to death. The levels of UmAlb were observed by ELISA, the serum BUN and Cr by biochemical, and the FBG by electrochemical detection method. The nephrin and podocin mRNA expression were measured by RT-PCR and the protein expression by western blotting. The morphological structure changes of the podocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopes. Results As compared with group A, FBG, BUN, SCr and urine UmAlb in the mice of group B increased significantly (P<0.01), the expression level of nephrin and podocin mRNA and protein were markedly decreased (P<0.01). After intervention of drugs, all biochemical indicators above in the mice of group C and D significantly decreased (P<0.01), the expression level of nephrin and podocin mRNA and protein were markedly increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), compared with group B. The renal pathological lesions of group C and D were significantly improved compared with group B. Conclusion ZGJTYS decoction exerts reno-protective effect via reinstating nephrin and podocin expression to repair the damaged podocyte.

Objective To explore the MRI features of germ cell tumors in sellar regions for better developing clinical treatment plans.Methods The imaging and pathologic findings of 44 sellar germ cell tumors were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 1 9 germinoma,most of which had clear boundaries,different extents of cystic necrosis and mild peritumoral edema.Lesions were significantly enhanced in contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI).There were 8 cases with mature teratoma,most showed cystic-solid changes,presenting mixed-intensities on T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images.There were 1 1 malignant teratoma(im-mature teratoma and teratoma malformation ),however,there were more parenchymatous tissue in malignant teratoma than mature teratoma.Two yolk sac tumors showed uniform signals on T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images,significant enhancement on CE-MRI,and visibly higher AFP in serum.Two embryonal carcinomas had clear boundary,inhomogeneous intensities,visibly cyst-ic necrosis,median to servere peritumoral edema,the parenchyma showed significant enhancement in CE-MRI.The signals of two mixed germ cell tumors were not typical,which depended on the components within tumors.Conclusion The MRI features of germ cell tumors in sellar region are characteristic.

Objective To report the clinical effect of repair of significant tongue defect after tongue cancer radical resection using anterolateral thigh perforator free flap with CTA three-dimensional reconstruction technique assistance.Methods From January,2012 to November,2015,13 cases were performed using anterolateral thigh perforator free flap in the repair of significant tongue defect after tongue cancer radical resection.Preoperation CT scan of the free flap donor site was done to obtain the three-dimensional images of arterial blood area by Digital Three-dimensional Reconstruction CT Technique to determine the origin of the anterolateral thigh flaps,direction,classification,length,diameter and the position of pedicle perforator.According to the condition of the defect of the tongue,flap of area from10 cm×9 cm to 8 cm×6 cm was design,the flap arteries and veins were anastomosed with the external maxillary artery or the superior thyroid artery,anterior vein,internal jugular vein or external jugular vein respectively.The shape and recovery of function of the reconstructed tongue were observed regularly after operation.Results All the flaps in the 13 cases survived,in the postoperative 4 to 18 months followed up,the appearance of the reconstructed tongue was close to the normal one,the patients were satisfied with the mastication and feeding function.Conclusion CTA three-dimensional reconstruction technique assisted anterolateral thigh perforator free flap technique is useful in obtaining good clinical effect,and it is one of the most best methods for repairing significant tongue defect after tongue cancer radical resection.