A large real-time processing of ultrasonic signals is a very important part in the ultrasound diagnosis system,especially with digital hardware processing.A key part of the signal processing is the filter design which will affect the performance of ultrasound diagnostic equipment.In this paper,the classification of digital filters is introduced briefly,and a number of hardware implementation methods of digital filter in recent years,especially the realization of FIR filters which belongs to the classical filter based on Distributed Algorithms are discussed.Then a number of advantages and problems of digital filter in recent years are analyzed.On this basis,the paper forecasts its developing trends in the future.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of different surgical treatment on cholesteatoma otitis media and analy‐sis its differences .Methods Totally 100 cases of patients with cholesteatoma otitis media in hospital were divided into two groups , 50 cacse in each group ,the control group used open mastoidectomy for treatment ,the experimental group used complete bi‐style mastoidectomy ,and the postoperative clinical efficacy were observed .Results The experimental group patients after radical mas‐toidectomy complete bi‐style treatment ,air conduction hearing threshold (26 .89 ± 7 .23)dBHL and gas bone conduction (12 .54 ± 3 .78)dBHL were significantly lower than after open radical mastoidectomy treatment of patients in the control group (41 .38 ± 10 .56)dBHL and gas bone conduction (22 .57 ± 5 .96)dBHL(P<0 .05);after different surgical treatment ,the cholesteatoma otitis media total efficiency (92 .00% ) of experimental group was significantly higher than control group (64 .00% ) ( P< 0 .05 ) . Conclusion The complete bi‐style mastoidectomy is the treatment of cholesteatoma otitis media ,which can effectively repair dam‐aged eardrum ,restore patient hearing to the maximum extent ,help to restore patient′s disease and improve the quality of life of pa‐tients .

Objective To investigate the effect of elemene on mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and caspase-8 in tumor tissues of mice bearing hepatoma H22.Methods Forty BALB/c mice models bearing hepatoma H22 were established by subcutaneous inoculating tumor cells.Forty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:model group,low-and high-elemene dosage groups,and cisplatin group.The tumors after executing mice were weighted.The mRNA expressions of TRAF6 and caspase-8 in tumor tissues were detected by quantitative real-time reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The dosage of elemene could inhibit tumor growth.The inhibition ratio of cancer in the low-and high-elemene dosage and cisplatin group was 24.2％,27.4％,and 28.2％,respectively.It reduced significantly tumor weights(P ＜0.01).Compared to the model group,the expression level of TRAF6 mRNA on tumors was decreased significantly,while the expression level of caspase-8 mRNA was increased significantly in the other groups(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The present results indicated that molecular mechanism of inhibition of liver cancer growth treated by elemene might be through down-regulating mRNA expressions of TRAF6 and caspase-8,promoting tumor cells apoptosis,and achieving the anti-tumor effect.

ObjectiveTo investigate the main clinical characteristics of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). MethodsAn analysis was performed on the data of 194 AIH patients who visited Guanggu Branch of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2010 to December 2014 and 197 healthy blood donors who served as control group. Autoantibodies, biochemical indicators, and liver biopsy were evaluated for AIH patients. The type of AIH patients was determined according to the results of test of autoantibodies and a statistical analysis was conducted for age, sex, biochemical markers, and pathological manifestations of all the AIH patients, Comparison of continuous data between groups was made by analysis of variance and comparison of categorical data between groups was made by chi-square test. ResultsThe female/male ratio was 154∶40 among the 194 AIH patients. The morbidity achieved a peak value among the patients aged 40-60 years. The proportion of the patients older than 40 years were 76.80% (149/194). According to the results of test of autoantibodies, the numbers of type-Ⅰ, -Ⅱ, and -Ⅲ AIH patients were 163, 5, and 26, respectively, the female/male ratios were 131∶32, 4∶1, and 19∶7, respectively, and the mean ages were 59.26±10.24, 16.54±8.21, and 63.38±12.92 years, respectively. There were significant differences in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and immunoglobulin G between type-Ⅰ AIH patients and type-Ⅱ and -Ⅲ AIH patients (all P＜0.05), and immunoglobulin A significantly differed between type-Ⅱ AIH patients and type-Ⅰ and -Ⅲ AIH patients (P＜0.05). Pathological manifestations of AIH showed interface hepatitis, infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells, and rosette-like changes. ConclusionAIH patients are mostly female aged 40-60 years. The peak age of onset ranges from 40 to 60 years. Biochemical indicators have various degrees of increase among type-Ⅰ, -Ⅱ, and -Ⅲ AIH patients. The main pathological manifestation is interface hepatitis.

Objective: To observe the role of Qudu medicinal granules (祛毒冲剂) on enterogenous endotoxemia . Methods: Sixty-one cases with enterogenous endotoxemia were randomly divided into two groups:Qudu medicinal granule group (n=30) that was treated with Qudu medicinal granules combined with western medicine, and smecta group which was treated with smecta and western medicine (n=31). Changes of symptoms and signs were observed before treatment and 1, 3, 7 days after treatment. Blood samples were collected in the morning to measure the white blood cell (WBC), plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels. Results: Recovery speed of WBC count in Qudu medicinal granule group was faster than that of the smecta group, there was significant difference on the third day after treatment (P

Objective To investigate the after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with serum cell adhesion molecule -1 (ICAM-1) changes and the clinical significance. Methods The patients were divided into cardiac arrest cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 5 minutes, 5-10 minutes inner CPR group, 10-30 minutes inner CPR group, and in healthy people as control group, a total of 4 groups, in each group were measured in venous blood ICAM-1 level by ELISA method. Results The level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with serum cell adhesion molecules in -1 were higher than those in healthy control group (P<0.05) ; and the longer the cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pa-tients with venous serum intercellular adhesion molecule -1 is higher(P<0.05). Conclusion The level of serum in pa-tients with cardiopulmonary resuscitation of cell adhesion molecule -1 will increase obviously, cardiopulmonary resus-citation earlier implementation, the levels of ICAM-1 were lower, the better the prognosis(P<0.05).

Objective: To study the etiological characteristics of an imported Chikungunya fever (CHIK) epidemic in Fujian province in 2018. Methods: Serum samples collected at different days after the onset of the two CHIK cases were detected by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. Structural protein E1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced for nucleotide characteristics analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis. Results: RNA of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was detected in the 4 serum samples collected on the first 5 days of the disease, and the earliest IgM antibodies were detected in specimens on the 5th day of the disease, however, IgG antibodies were only detected in specimen on 10th day. Compared with the S27-African prototype strain, 12 mutant points were found in the amino acids of E1 genes in this study. The E1 genes of the two CHIK cases were exactly the same, and they were closest to the evolutionary relationship with the strain isolated in the Philippines in 2014. Their genotype was Asian genotype. Conclusions This epidemic was confirmed to have been imported from the Philippines after the infection with the Asian genotype CHIKV, which suggests that Fujian province should strengthen the monitoring of persons entering from the CHIK epidemic area, so as to prevent imported cases from causing local outbreaks.