Language is one of the basic tool for human to communicate in social and behavioral activities.Language development is an important part of the progress of growth for children.The period below 3years old is the critical time of language development.During this period,there are many factors influence the children's language development,including genetics,illness,family background,language environment,diet and other aspects.A full understanding of these factors contributes to promoting children's language development.

Objective To explore the reconstruction effects of lower hemifascial scar by cervical skin excessive volume expansion. Methods Single 100 ml or 150 ml standard volume tissue expander was implanted under the cervical skin in 50 patients with lower hemifascial scar. After the tissue expanders were injected with 4-5 times than the designed volume, the scar was resurfaced with the expanded flap. Results The excessively expanded cervical flaps of 50 patients all were successfully used to reconstruct the facial scar. The expanded flap was matched well with surrounding skin after 3-12 months following-up. No obvious contracture was observed. The district recontrueted by expended flaps have the normal expression aetivities. Conclusion Excessive expansion of cervical skin can promote the efficiency in the reconstruction of the lower hemifascial scar.

OBJECTIVE:To study the possible mechanisms of the effects of indol-2,3-dione (MW147) on experimental atherosclerosis (AS). METHODS: A total of 120 male quails were randomly divided into six groups: normal control group, model group, lovastatin (79.5 mg?kg-1) positive control group, and MW147 (20, 60, 120 mg?kg-1) groups. The normal control group was fed on normal diet, while the other 5 groups were fed on high lipid diet and treated ig with corresponding drugs for eight weeks. Then the lipid levels including TC, TG, L-DLC and H-DLC in serum and tissues, and the total superoxidedismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. Meanwhile the tissues of aorta and liver were observed under light microscope. RESULTS: In MW147-treated groups compared with model group, the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and MDA were decreased while the levels of HDL-C, T-SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC in serum were increased (P

Objective To investigate the characteristics and treatment for pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI). Methods Data of 12 PCI patients admitted to General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 1997 to 2015 were analyzed. The causes, endoscopic characteristics, therapeutic effects and prognosis were evaluated. Results Four cases were primary PCI due to long?term exposure to trichloroethylene or unknown reasons, while 8 other cases were secondary to Behcet's disease, connective tissue disease, emphysema, diabetes, therioma, etc. Endoscopic findings included bubble?like, linear,cobblestone?like, graped or beaded gas cysts, involving sigmoid in 6 cases, ascending colon in 3, descending colon in 2, duodenum in 2 and rectum in 1. After combination of medicinal and endoscopic treatment, symptoms of 8 patients were relieved, and the condition of 2 patients improved, while 2 patients died of malignancy. Conclusion Pneumatosis intestinalis is a rare disease, usually secondary to other diseases, which can be diagnosed by colonoscopy and ultrasonic endoscopy. Pathogenesis of PCI is still unclear. Single PCI can be cured with endoscopic resection. Multiple PCI can be managed with cyst clipping, antibiotics and intestinal flora regulator. Treatment of the original disease and early detection of complications can improve the prognosis and reduce recurrence of PCI.

Objective To investigate the antitumor activity of IL-24 delE5 in human leukemia cell line K562. Methods The expression of mda-7/IL-24 and its splice variant induced by TPA in leukemic cell lines, U937 and HL-60, was evaluated. The effects of IL-24 delE5 in K562 on cell proliferation, colony-forming ability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and tumor growth in vivo by using MTr assay, colony forming assay, flow cytometry, Annexin-V/PI and tumor xenograft models in nude mice were assessed. Meantime, the effects of IL-24 delE-5 and mda-7/IL-2A were compared. Results The expression of IL-24 dciE5 was detected in differentiated U937 and HL-60 cells. Transfection with IL-24 delE5 significantly reduced tumor cell viability, inhibited colony formation. Comparing with the control, G_0/G_1 stage add from (24.46±3.99) % to (42.69±3.04) %, caused cell cycle arrest in G_0/G_1 stage and significantly inhibited the growth of K562 transplantation tumor. No significant differences in the aforementioned antileukemia characteristics between IL-24 delE5 and mda-7/IL-24 was found. Conclusion Similar with mda-7/IL-24, IL-24 delE5 can efficiently inhibit the proliferation of K562 in vitro and in vivo, probably through induction of G_0/G_1 cell cycle arrest.

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway in the hippocampus of rats undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 220-250 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S);orthotopic liver transplantation group (group O);propofol group (group P).After the rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate,the model of orthotopic liver transplantation was established according to the method described by Nozato et al.in O and P groups.In group P,30 min infusion of propofol was started at a rate of 20 mg · kg-1 · h-1 via the right femoral vein immediately after onset of reperfusion.At 6 h of reperfusion,blood samples were collected from the infrahepatic vena cava,and then the rats were sacrificed.The hippocampi were harvested for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA)and nitric oxide (NO) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.The serum levels of S100β protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of JAK2,STAT3 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.The pathological changes of hippocampal tissues were examined under the light microscope,and the cell apoptosis was measured using TUNEL.The apoptotic index was calculated.Results Compared with group S,the serum levels of S100β protein and NSE were significantly increased,the contents of MDA and NO were significantly increased,the activity of SOD was significantly decreased,the expression of JAK2,STAT3 and iNOS mRNA was significantly up-regulated,the apoptotic index was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the pathological changes of hippocampal tissues were significantly aggravated in the other groups.Compared with group O,the serum levels of S100β protein and NSE were significantly decreased,the contents of MDA and NO were significantly decreased,the activity of SOD was significantly increased,the expression of JAK2,STAT3 and iNOS mRNA was significantly downregulated,the apoptotic index was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and the pathological changes of hippocampal tissues were significantly reduced in P group.Conclusion Propofol reduces injury to the hippocampus through blocking JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in the rats undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation.

The pathological basis of liver fibrosis is the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), and myofibroblasts are the main source of ECM. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of production mechanisms of myofibroblasts. At present, a large number of studies have shown that intervention of key EMT molecules and signaling pathways as targets can reduce liver fibrosis. Based on literature review, this article summarizes the signaling pathways associated with EMT, important regulatory molecules, and drugs targeting EMT in the treatment of liver fibrosis, so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of liver fibrosis.

Objective To compare the degree of cell injury induced by 3D protein (SDLY11 and SDLY107) of enterovirus 71 (EV71) strains.Methods EV71 strains SDLY11 and SDLY107 were respectively isolated from children with mild and severe hand foot mouth disease.The target genes 11-3D-Flag and 107-3D-Flag were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reation (RT-PCR) and inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1.The recombinant plasmids 11-3D-Flag-pcDNA3.1 and 107-3D-Flag-pcDNA3.1 were transformed into Escherichia.coli DH5α, respectively, and were identified by enzyme digestion and sequencing.The recombinant plasmids were transfected into rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells, respectively.Expression of 3D protein was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay and western blot.Cell injury induced by 3D protein was detected with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test, cell proliferation was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenylthiazolium bromide (MTT) test, and cell apoptosis was detected with Annexin-V and PI.Multiple comparisons among groups were analyzed using LSD-t test if multiple sets of variables were consistent with homogeneity of variance.If not, Dunnett T3 test was used.Results The 1 400 bp fragments were amplified by reverse tramscription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the recombinant plasmids were digested by enzyme and the 1 400 bp and 5 400 bp fragments were obtained and identified.Gene sequencing showed that the sequences were consistent with the target genes.The specific fluorescence was observed by indirect immunofluorescence assay, and the western blot showed that the molecular weight of the target protein was 55×103.The LDH test showed that the A490 of SDLY11 3D protein transfection group (0.790±0.048) was higher than that of SDLY107 3D protein transfection group (0.641±0.018).The difference was statistically significant (t=5.14, P<0.05).The cell membrane damage caused by SDLY11 3D protein was more severe than SDLY107 3D protein.The MTT test showed that the A570 of SDLY11 3D protein transfection group (1.028±0.020) was lower than that of SDLY107 3D protein transfection group (1.081±0.002), and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.31, P<0.05).The effect on cell proliferation activity of SDLY11 3D protein was greater than SDLY107 3D protein.The results of Annexin-V/PI showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells of SDLY11 3D protein transfection group and SDLY107 3D protein transfection group were (1.471±0.246)% and (1.465±0.237)%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (t=0.04, P=0.973).Conclusions Compared with the SDLY11 3D protein, SDLY107 3D protein induces slighter cell injury, has weaker effect on cell proliferation activity, and is more favorable for virus replication in cells.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and complicated left ventricular wall rupture (LVWR). Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical features, diagnosis and successful treatment in three AMI patients with LVWR from December 2015 to April 2016. Results Three cases were included in this study. Case 1, the mesh like cardiac rupture after AMI was diagnosed by ultrasonic Doppler. Emergency revascularization was performed due to the combined cardiac shock, and the infarct related artery was opened. The vasoactive drugs were used after revascularization to reduce ventricular pressure load and volume load in the haemodynamic monitoring, and anticoagulation, antiplatelet agents were less used or discontinued to promote local thrombus healing of ventricular rupture. Case 2 was a recurrent myocardial infarction patient. LVWR was diagnosed by ultrasonic Doppler one day after emergency operation. The ruptured ventricular wall was encapsulated by thrombus. The drug therapy was effective in hemodynamic monitoring. LVWR was further confirmed by cardiac CT after clinical stabilization. Case 3 was diagnosed LVWR by ultrasonic Doppler four days after AMI. Because the ruptured ventricular wall was limited by incompletely organized thrombus, and the haemodynamic condition was stable, selective surgical repair of rupture after coronary angiography was performed. Conclusion The effective drug therapy combined with percutaneous coronary intervention and surgical repair can reduce the risk of death in patients with LVWR after AMI.

Objective: To investigate the usefulness of loss of CIC expression as the prescreening detection of 1p/19q co-deletion in the diagnosis of oligodendroglial tumors and its prognostic implication. Methods: The retrospective study included 113 oligodendroglial tumors diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. Expression of CIC protein was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the 1p/19q co-deletion by fluorescence in situ hybridization in all the tumors; and the correlation of the loss of protein and 1p/19q co-deletion with prognosis was assessed. Results: The rate of negative CIC protein expression was 59.3% (67/113) in 113 oligodendroglial tumors. CIC protein expression was differentially lost in various gliomas, 85.7% (42/49) in pure oligodendrogliomas and 39.1% (25/64) in mixed oligodendroglial tumors (P<0.01). The loss of CIC protein expression showed a sensitivity of 76.1% (54/71), specificity 71.1% (27/38), false positive rate of 16.9% (11/65), and a false negative rate of 38.6% (17/44). In 63 cases integrated diagnosis as oligodendroglial tumors with mutant IDH and 1p/19q co-deletion, the loss of CIC protein expression was 81.0% (51/63); the sensitivity and specificity were increased to 81.0% (51/63) and 76.9% (20/26), and the false positive rate and false negative rate decreased to 10.5% (6/57) and 37.5% (12/32), respectively. By using Kaplan-Meier analysis, the CIC negative group showed a trend towards better outcome than the CIC positive group, but there was no statistical difference (overall survival: P=0.218; progression free survival: P=0.249). Conclusions Detection of the lost CIC protein expression can predict the chromosome 1p/19q co-deletion. In oligodendroglial tumors with IDH mutant and 1p/19q co-deletion, there is no relation between prognosis and CIC protein expression.