Objective To establish the GFR reference range of solitary kidney by 99 Tcm?DTPA SPECT imaging and explore factors influencing renal compensation. Methods A total of 108 patients ( 62 males, 46 females, age range:5-83 (47±19) years) with only one functional kidney who underwent 99Tcm?DTPA dynamic imaging from January 2011 to September 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The GFR was measured to establish the reference range. Meanwhile, the potential influence factors were analyzed, inclu?ding age, gender, location of the functional kidney, removal and causes of the non?functional kidney. Two?sample t test, one?way analysis of variance and Bonferroni test were used. Results The GFR were (71.81± 23.23) ml/min in the 108 patients. There were no significant differences of GFR between male and female patients ( t=0.496) , between patients with left functional kidney and those with right functional kidney( t=0.999), between patients with and without removed non?function kidney(t=-1.966), and among patients with different causes of the non?function kidney( F=1.894;all P>0.05) . The GFR was significant different in different groups based on age( F=13.924, P<0.001) . There was a negative correlation between the GFR and age( r=-0.570, P<0.001) . The GFR CV in different age groups (≤20 years, 20 years60 years) were 37.6%,26.7%,21.3%,30.1%, respectively. Conclusions It is objective and efficient to assess the renal compensation by establishing the reference values for GFR of the solitary kidney. There is a negative correlation between age and renal compensation, and the variation of renal compensation is larger in younger patients.

The clinical value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in tumor imaging has been widely recognized.However,the related cost is high.SPECT is used more widely.So 99Tcm-labeled radiopharmaceuticals can be easily accessed.The recent progress of glucose and its analogs labeled by 99Tcm in tumor imaging is focused.

Objective To explore the serum levels of progestrone (Prog) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEAS),and the effect of sodium valproate(VPA) and lamotrigine(LTG) on the levels of Prog and DHEAS in infantile spasms.Methods A total of 36 cases of infantile spasms (spasms group) before treatment and 40 cases health infants(control group) were detected the serum Prog and DHEAS levels by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay,and were compared with 21 cases receiving monotherapy with VPA(VPA group),and 13 cases receiving therapy plus lamotrigine(LTG group) before and 4 months after treatment to observe the changes of sex hormone.Results There were no significant differences in Prog and log(DHEAS) (logarithmic transformation) levels between spasms group and control group (P ＞0.05).The serum Prog level of baby girls and baby boys were lower after treatment than those before treatment in VPA group respectively (t =2.603,3.146 ; P =0.003,0.008,respectively).The log (DHEAS) level of baby girls and baby boys were higher in LTG group after treatment than those before treatment respectively(t =3.185,2.663 ;P =0.007,0.041).Conclusion Infantile spasms would not influence the hormone metabolism,while VPA and LTG can influence the sex hormone.The hormone level should be monitored in the treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and influencing factors of 131I treatment for cervical lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods Eighty-nine post-operative PTC patients (24 males,65 females,11-72 years) with cervical lymph nodes as the only site of metastasis (negative serum TgAb,1-4 times of 131I treatment) on 131I planar Rx-WBS or SPECT/CT were retrospectively reviewed.Results of 131I Rx-WBS or SPECT/CT,serum Tg levels under both TSH-suppressed and TSH-stimulated conditions were measured and recorded.CR and PR were recognized as effective therapy.x2 test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results The effective rate of 1-4 times of 131I treatment was 57.30％(51/89),73.03％(65/89),80.90％(72/89),83.15％(74/89),respectively (x2=18.792,P＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis suggested that therapeutic effectiveness was related to the size of metastatic lymph nodes and whether metastatic lymph nodes could be visualized on the post-ablative 131I Rx-WBS or SPECT/CT.Conclusions 131I treatment is an effective modality for PTC patients with cervical lymph nodes as the only site of metastasis.The cumulative effective rate increased within a limited times of treatment.The size of metastatic lymph nodes and whether metastatic lymph nodes could be visualized on the first post-ablative 131I Rx-WBS or SPECT/CT are the key factors for the therapeutic effectiveness.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging features of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors(BP-NETs) with different pathological subtypes. Methods:From January 2013 to May 2018, 280 patients (196 males, 84 females, median age 58 years) with BP-NETs proved by pathology in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Age, gender, smoking history, the location and size of tumor, Ki-67 positive index, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), synaptophysin (Syn), chromogranin-A (CgA), CD56, maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max), lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were compared among 4 pathological subtypes of BP-NETs, including typical carcinoid (TC), atypical carcinoid (AC), small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). One-way analysis of variance, χ2 test, Fisher exact test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used for data analysis. Results:There were significant differences in age, smoking history, tumor size and location, Ki-67 positive index, CgA, CD56, TTF-1, SUV max and TNM stage among TC( n=59), AC( n=21), SCLC( n=184) and LCNEC ( n=16) groups ( F values: 2.067, 3.358, H values: 17.749-22.351, all P<0.05). SCLC had the largest tumor size (5.5(3.0, 6.8) cm) and the highest proportion of central type (85.3%, 157/184), and were more prone to lymph node metastasis. LCNEC had the oldest age ((66±16) years), the largest proportion of smoking history (14/16) and peripheral type (12/16). CD56 in SCLC (95.7%, 176/184) and LCNEC(15/16) mostly showed positive expression, while the positive expression rates of CgA and TTF-1 were higher in TC and AC (96.6%(57/59), 93.2%(55/59) and 95.2%(20/21), 90.5%(19/21), respectively). The Ki-67 positive index and SUV max of the four subtypes were significantly different, with the highest in SCLC group and the lowest in TC group. Conclusion:Different pathological subtypes of BP-NETs manifest different clinicopathological features and imaging presentation on 18F-FDG PET/CT, which are useful for understanding their characteristics.

Objective To observe non-displaceable binding potential (BPND) changes of striatal dopamine D2 receptors(SDDR) in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder (MDD) using 11C-Raclopride PET/CT,and to analyze the relationship between BPND and Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM-D).Methods From December 2014 to December 2015,patients with first-episode MDD and age/gender-matched healthy controls underwent brain MRI and 11C-Raclopride PET/CT in this prospective study.BPND of bilateral SDDR was calculated by molecular imaging and kinetic analysis toolbox (MIAKAT).BPND changes of bilateral SDDR and their relationship with HAM-D score were analyzed.Paired t test,two-sample t test and Pearson correlation analysis were used.Results A total of 20 MDD patients (8 males,12 females,average age: (32.80±9.76) years) and 20 healthy controls (9 males,11 females,average age:(29.25±6.93) years) were enrolled in this study.The 11C-Raclopride uptake in brain tissue of the MDD group and control group were mainly distributed in bilateral striatum,and very few 11C-Raclopride was distributed in bilateral cerebral cortex and cerebellum.In MDD group,the BPND level of bilateral SDDR had no statistical differences(t values: 0.69,0.35,both P>0.05),and similar results were found in the control group(t values: 0.28,0.24,both P>0.05).Compared with the control group,however,the MDD group had lower BPND level of bilateral SDDR(t values: 3.13-4.41,all P<0.05).The BPND of bilateral caudate nucleus and/or putamen D2 receptors was correlated with HAM-D total score,anxiety/somatization factor score,cognitive impairment factor score,retardation factor score and sleep disturbance factor score(r values: from-0.688 to-0.453,all P<0.05).Conclusions The binding potential of SDDR in patients with first-episode MDD is declined,and the BPND level of SDDR is correlated with symptoms of depression.The abnormality of SDDR may be an important molecular mechanism of the abnormality of midbrain-striatal dopamine reward circuits in MDD patients.

Objective: To study the role of miR-18a in regulating the proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through IGF-2/Akt pathway. Methods: Ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were cultured and grouped. The negative control group were not transfected with the plasmid, the blank plasmid group were transfected with the blank pcDNA3.1 plasmid, the IGF-2 plasmid group was transfected with the pcDNA3.1 plasmid expressing IGF-2, and the IGF-2 plasmid+L294002 group was transfected with pcDNA3.1 plasmid expressing IGF-2 and treated with Akt inhibitor LY294002. The upstream miRNA of IGF-2 was analyzed by bioinformatics method and verified by the double luciferase reporter gene method. The effect of overexpressing miR-18a on the expression of IGF-2 was observed. Results: Transfection of IGF-2 expression plasmid can increase the expression level of IGF-2 in cells and the content of IGF-2 in culture medium (P<0.05) . Cell proliferation in the IGF-2 plasmid group (0.93±0.22, F=9.629, P<0.05) , migration (80.22±13.28, F=12.689, P<0.05) , invasion (72.31±11.38, F=33.845, P<0.05) , the relative expression levels of p-PI3K (1.35±0.22, F=8.321, P<0.05) and p-Akt (0.94±0.18, F=9.612, P<0.05) . The proliferation, migration, invasion viability, in the viability and cells were significantly higher than those in the negative control group and the blank plasmid group. And relative expression levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt in the IGF-2 plasmid+L294002 group were significantly lower than those in the IGF-2 plasmid group (P<0.05) . IGF-2 is a target gene of miR-18a, and overexpression of miR-18a can down-regulate the expression level of IGF-2 (P<0.05) . Conclusion IGF-2 can promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, and this promotion is related to the activation of the Akt pathway, and miR-18a may be an upstream regulatory molecule of IGF-2.

Objective To investigate the critical value of TSH-stimulated Tg(sTg) in the diagnosis of metastasis from DTC, and to evaluate the diagnostic value of the ratio of sTg to suppressed Tg (sTg/suppressed Tg).Methods A total of 330 post-operative DTC patients(87 males, 243 females, age range: 12-70 years)who underwent thyroid remnant ablation from August 2008 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.Their serum TgAb levels were normal.The patients were divided into non-metastasis group(147 cases)and metastasis group(183 cases) according to results of ultrasonography, CT and WBS.The difference of sTg between the two groups were compared by Mann-Whitney rank sum test.ROC curve was used to analyze the relationship between sTg, sTg/suppressed Tg ratio and metastasis, the cutoff value was calculated.Results The sTg was significantly different between the non-metastasis group and metastasis group: 1.0 (0.1, 2.0) μg/L vs 36.5 (3.9, 126.7) μg/L;u=-6.642, P<0.05.The AUC for ROC curve in metastasis group was 0.85, and the cutoff value was 2.05 μg/L, with the sensitivity 85.2%, specificity 67.3%, and accuracy 82.3%.While sTg<2.05 μg/L, the AUC of sTg/suppressed Tg ratio was 0.941, and the cutoff value was 4.3, with the sensitivity 93.3%, specificity 88.2%, and accuracy 92.3%.Conclusions The sTg has a specific value for the diagnosis of metastasis from DTC after operation and the cutoff value is 2.05 μg/L in this set of patients.The ratio of sTg/suppressed Tg could be used to correct the sTg and to improve the diagnostic sensitivity.

Objective:To translate the Attention to Positive and Negative Inventory(APNI)and analyze the validity and reliability in Chinese undergraduates sample,to offer a convenient and reliable tool of measuring the cognitive bias for national researchers. Methods:The English-version APNI went through translation into Chinese, retroversion into English,translation into Chinese again,and revision several stages. Two parts of samples (1450 Chinese college students)were surveyed. Sample one (n=1000)was used for item analysis,exploratory factor a-nalysis (EFA),concurrent validity and reliability analysis,while sample 2 (n=450)was used for confirmatory fac-tor analysis (CFA). Totally 68 subjects of sample 1 were randomly chosen and resurveyed with an interval of one week. Beck depression inventory (BDI-II)and patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9)was used for concurrent validi-ty. Results:Item analysis indicated that the 22 items of Chinese APNI had good discriminability. EFA focused onattention to positive information(API)and attention to negative information(ANI)two factors. CFA showed good model fit (χ2 =1376,RMESA=0. 09,CFI=0. 94). Concurrent validity result showed that the total scores of BDI-II and PHQ-9 was negatively correlated with total scores of API (r=-0. 24,-0. 29,Ps<0. 01 ),and posi-tively correlated with total scores of ANI (r=0. 36,0. 31,Ps<0. 01). The Cronbach'αcoefficients of API and ANI sub-scale were 0. 86 and 0. 82,while the retest reliability coefficients were 0. 79 and 0. 62. Conclusion:It suggests that the Chinese APNI has good validity and reliability in a sample of college students,which could be used to eval-uate the cognitive bias of Chinese college students.