Objective To summarize the role of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-?B) in the occurrence and progression of various sorts of liver injury.Methods Literatures on the structures,property of molecular biology and function of NF-?B,as well as its relationships with liver injury were collected and reviewed.Results NF-?B was an important nuclear factor existed in cells widely distributed in most cell types.The activation of NF-?B was induced by various sorts of liver injury.The activated NF-?B could affect the liver injury by regulating cytokines,adhesion molecules,and activating factor involving in immunologic reaction,inflammatory reaction and the apoptosis.Conclusion NF-?B plays an important role during the occurrence and progression of liver injury,and may become a new target in the treatment of liver injury.

Objective:To study the role of NF- ?B in the mechanism of liver injury following intestinal perforations due to abdominal firearm wound. Methods:A total of 42 Chang-Bai piglets were assigned randomly into 7 groups: control group and wounded 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours group.The model of intestinal perforations due to abdominal firearm wound was established in wounded groups. Hepatic NF-?B and TNF-? content was measured with immunohistochemical staining and image analysis in all groups. Hepatocyte apoptosis indexes and serum ALT levels were also determined at the same time. The alterations of hepatic tissue were observed under light microscope. Results: Levels of hepatic NF-?B activity in wounded groups were significantly elevated compared with control group, and two peaks appeared in 1 h group and 8 h group, respectively (P

Objective:To study the role of TNF-?in the mechanism of hepatocyte apoptosis induced by intestinal perforations due to abdominal firearm wound. Methods:A total of 42 Chang-Bai piglets were divided randomly into 7 groups: control group and wounded 1, 2 , 4, 8, 12, 24 hour groups.The model of intestinal perforations due to abdominal firearm wound were established in wounded groups. Levels of plasma endotoxin were measured using ehromogenic limulus amehoeyte lysate test.Hepatic TNF-? content was measured with immunohistochemical staining and image analysis in all groups. Hepatocyte apoptosis indexes and serum TNF-? levels were determined at the same time. Results: Levels of plasma endotoxin, serum TNF-?, hepatic TNF-? content and hepatocyte apoptosis indexes in wounded groups were all significantly elevated compared with control group(P

BACKGROUND: Changing the local environment of spinal injury promotes the repair and regeneration of injured nerve and recovery of partial nervous function of spinal cord. Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells can improve the local internal environment of injured spinal cord.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the effect and safety of transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells on functional repair of spinal cord and nerve in patients with obsolete spinal injury DESIGN: Self-control experiment.SETTING: Wards of the Department of Surgery, Taian Rongjun Hospital of Shandong Province.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 48 patients admitted for obsolete spinal injury in the Department of Surgery, Taian Rongjun Hospital, between June 2004 and July 2005 were recruited. There were 39 males and 9 females, aged 7 to 59 years with the mean of 36 years.METHODS: ①Cell culture: Olfactory bulb of aborted fetus was digested into single olfactory ensheathing cells, which were then cultured and puri fied for 1 to 2 weeks, and finally made into single cell suspension. ②Operation and cell transplantation: Under general anesthesia, the purified single cell suspension (about 0.05-0.20 mL) of olfactory ensheathing cells was injected into the corresponding spinal injury site through multiple points with home-made syringe of 0.45 mm in diameter. Stitches were taken out at postoperative 10 to 14 days. ③Evaluation of spinal function: Injury Scoring Standard made by American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) was used for scoring, comparison and statistical analysis at postoperative 1 day and 2 weeks to 2 months. ④Spinal function of 48 patients was observed or followed up through telephone at postoperative 3 weeks to 1 year.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of postoperative sensory function of the patients. Changes of postoperative motor function of the patients. Changes of postoperative automatic nervous system of the patients.RESULTS: ①All the 48 patients had improvement in spinal function, and continued improved tendency was found in the observation and follow-up through telephone at postoperative 3 weeks to 1 year. ②Scoring by ASIA for sensory function was higher after operation than before operation (touch sensation: 56.9, 51.2, P ＜ 0.01; pain sensation: 55.2, 48.3, P ＜ 0.01). Sensory function was improved obviously at the lower shift of sensory level,generally more than 2 segments. ③Scoring by ASIA for motor function was higher after operation than before operation (44.8, 40.7, P ＜ 0.01), but the improvement was slow. ④Scoring by ASIA for automatic nervous system was higher after operation than before operation (18.0, 14.5, P ＜ 0.01); diaphoresis, increased enterokinesia and other automatic nervous system improved earliest.CONCLUSION: Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells promotes the spinal and neurofunctional recovery of patients with malignant spinal injury, and the therapeutic method is safe.

0.05) .The total survival rate of N group and H I group was significantly higher than H II group(P0.05) .The abdominal stinking leak was more severe and death rate was higher in N group and H I group than H II group.Conclusion:Dry heat environment in the desert could obviously impair the total survival rate of pigs.

objective To understand the baseline data of mortality from malignant tumor from 2006 to 2009 around Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant in Wafangdian City,Liaoning Province,so as to provide scientific basis for evaluating the impact of normal operation of nuclear power plant on the health of the residents nearby.Methods Thirty small towns near Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant were divided into 5 investigated areas according to the distances away therefrom(0.,10.,20-,30-,and 40-km).The data about from malignant tumor were obtained from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Wafangdian.The mortality distribution of difierent malignant tumors was analyzed,including the radiosensitive malignant tumors,especially leukemia,breast cancer,and thyroid gland cancer in different area,gender,and age groups.Results The mortality from malignant tumor was 151.97/105,and the standardized mortality rate(SMR)was 97.76/105.The mortality from malignant tumor among the males was 188.28/105(with the SMR of 116.76/105),and that among the females was 113.47/105(with the SMR of 75.89/105).with a sex ratio of 1.71.The first five cancers in the rank of death causes were lung,liver,stomach,colorectal,and esophageal cancers with mortality of 46.19/105,23.51/105,20.30/105,8.06/105 and 5.45/105,respectively.The mortality from mal.ignant tumor in the areas around the nuclear power plant from the near to the distant were 99.85/105, 137.40/105,138.73/105,156.30/105,and 154.16/105,respectively.The mortality from radiosensitive malignant tumors,leukemia,breast cancer,and thyroid gland cancer were 4.57/105,4.06/105,and 0.26/105,respectively.Conclusions Lung cancer and digestive tract malignant tumors are the main causes of death from malignant tumors in Wafangdian area before the nuclear power plant began to operate.There are no significant differences in the mortality distribution of malignant tumors among different areas,genders,and age groups.There are not significant differences in the mortality distribution of leukemia and breast cancer among different areas and age groups.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of anteromedial ankle approach for talus fracture.Methods From January 2012 to October 2018,the data of 28 cases of talus fracture treated by anteromedial ankle approach were retrospectively analyzed,including 26 males and 2 females,aged 24-61 years with an average of 38.6 years.All 25 cases of closed injuries and 3 cases of open injuries were fresh injuries.There were 16 cases of traffic injuries,8 falling injuries,2 heavy object injuries and 2 sprains.Among the 28 patients,17 were talus neck fractures,and according to Hawkins talus neck fracture classification,there were 1 case of type Ⅰ,12 type Ⅱ,and 4 type Ⅲ.There were 11 cases of talus fracture,which were classified according to Sneppen talus fracture types:2 cases of type Ⅰ,8 cases of type Ⅱ and 1 case of type Ⅴ.Among them,2 cases of talus neck fracture complicated with T12 vertebral body fractures and 2 cases complicated with calcaneal fractures.The time from injury to operation for 3 patients with open fracture was 3-6 hours.25 cases of closed fracture injuries took 2-10 hours to operate,with an average time of 5.6 hours.All patients were fixed with cannulated screws through the anteromedial ankle approach.The weight-bearing time and strength of lower limbs were determined according to fracture healing after surgery.The ankle function was evaluated by American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Score.Results All 28 patients were followed up for 23 to 82 months,with an average of 37.5 months.All fractures healed.The healing time of talus neck fracture was 3.5-8 months,with an average of 5 months.The healing time of talus fracture was 3-7 months,averaging 4.5 months.At the latest follow-up,AOFAS score ranged from 68 to 100,with an average of 82.5 points,including excellent in 15 cases,good in 8 cases,fair in 4 cases and poor in 1 case,with the excellent and good rate of 82.1％ (23/28).There were no signs of fracture displacement,malunion,loosening and prolapse of internal fixation,fracture and ischemic necrosis of talus after operation.Traumatic arthritis occurred in 9 patients,with an incidence rate of 32.1％ (9/28).Tibial joint was involved in 5 cases,talus joint in 3 cases,tibialis in 1 case and talus joint in 1 case.Among them,traumatic arthritis occurred in 2 cases of open injury.Nine patients (32.1％) suffered from traumatic arthritis 6-10 months after operation,with an average of 8 months.According to conservative treatments such as weight control,ankle immobilization,physiotherapy,anti-inflammatory and analgesic,nutrition of articular cartilage drugs,joint traction and plasty were given.The patients' conditions improved to different degrees and could tolerate walking and normal life and work.Conclusion The anteromedial ankle approach has the advantages of minimal vessel injuries,clear exposure for direct reduction,low rate of necrosis of talus and satisfactory curative effect.

【Objective】 To investigate the status of professional identity and job satisfaction of blood transfusion physicians in clinical in Tianjin, and to analyze the influencing factors. 【Methods】 The status of professional identity and job satisfaction of physicians in Blood Transfusion Department or Blood Bank of hospitals in Tianjin was investigated and analyzed by online questionnaire survey. 【Results】 The average score of professional identity and job satisfaction was(3.96±0.46) and (3.11±0.86), respectively. Pearson analysis was used for correlation analysis, and the results showed that the dimensions of professional identity and job satisfaction were significantly positively correlated(P<0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that income level was a significant factor influencing the professional identity of blood transfusion physicians(P<0.05), as low income level decreased the professional identity of them. Age also was a significant factor influencing the job satisfaction of blood transfusion workers(P<0.05), as the increase of age would reduce the job satisfaction of them. 【Conclusion】 The level of professional identity and job satisfaction of blood transfusion physicians in Tianjin is generally high, and income level and age are the risk factors affecting their professional identity and job satisfaction.

BACKGROUNDAcute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is a common condition, which affects not only the quality of life of patients but also their prognosis. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of an inhaled salbutamol sulfate solution and an inhalation suspension of the glucocorticoid budesonide that were atomized with heliox to treat patients with AECOPD.

METHODSTwenty-three patients with AECOPD were divided into a treatment group (He/O2 = 70%/30%) and a control group (N2/O2 = 70%/30%). The salbutamol sulfate and budesonide were administered by inhalation twice a day for 7 days. Vital signs, arterial blood gas levels, pulmonary function and the levels of serum myostatin (sMSTN) were measured and lung vibration imaging was performed.

RESULTSWe found that the PaO2 and PaCO2 values were not significantly different between the two groups at the various time points (P > 0.05). There were also no significant differences in any of the parameters of pulmonary function between the two groups. However, after baseline correction, the increase rate of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the forced vital capacity (FVC), and the maximum minute ventilation (MVV) appeared to be significantly increased at some time points compared with the baseline (before treatment) in both groups (P < 0.05). Although the values of quantitative lung distribution (QLD) for different regions and the levels of sMSTN were slightly different between the two groups, the repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that there were no significant differences between the two groups or within any group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAlthough the use of heliox as a driving gas can improve symptoms and benefit patients with AECOPD, the heliox treatment group did not have significant differences in arterial blood gases, lung function, lung vibration response imaging or the levels of sMSTN compared with the control group. (Chinese Clinical Trial Register Center ChiCTRTRC-00000273).

Administration, Inhalation ; Aged ; Albuterol ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Budesonide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Helium ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy

As the search for effective treatments for COVID-19 continues, the high mortality rate among critically ill patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU) presents a profound challenge. This study explores the potential benefits of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a supplementary treatment for severe COVID-19. A total of 110 critically ill COVID-19 patients at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Vulcan Hill Hospital between Feb., 2020, and April, 2020 (Wuhan, China) participated in this observational study. All patients received standard supportive care protocols, with a subset of 81 also receiving TCM as an adjunct treatment. Clinical characteristics during the treatment period and the clinical outcome of each patient were closely monitored and analysed. Our findings indicated that the TCM group exhibited a significantly lower mortality rate compared with the non-TCM group (16 of 81 vs 24 of 29; 0.3 vs 2.3 person/month). In the adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, TCM treatment was associated with improved survival odds (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the analysis also revealed that TCM treatment could partially mitigate inflammatory responses, as evidenced by the reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and contribute to the recovery of multiple organic functions, thereby potentially increasing the survival rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Critical Illness ; Treatment Outcome