Objective To discuss the clinical value of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) ,tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) , matrix metalloproteinase‐9(MMP‐9) and interleukin‐6(IL‐6) detection in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with different heart function grades and their correlation with CHF .Methods Totally 67 cases of CHF in our hospital from Jan .2013 to Jun .2015 were selected as the observation group and the NYHA classification was performed :gradeⅠ in 15 cases ,gradeⅡ in 21 cases ,gradeⅢ in 23 cases and grade Ⅳ in 9 cases .Other 30 individuals undergoing the healthy physical examination were chosen as the control group at the same period .The venous blood samples were collected for detecting serum BNP ,TNF‐α,MMP‐9 and IL‐6 .LVEDD ,LVESD and LVEF were measured by echocardiography .Then the obtained data were analyzed by using the SPSS 21 .0 software .Results The serum BNP ,TNF‐α,MMP‐9 and IL‐6 levels in the observation group and various cardiac function groups were higher ,the differences between them were statistically significant (P< 0 .05);LVEF in the observation group and various cardiac function groups were obviously declined ,while LVEDD and LVESD were obviously increased ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The linear regression was adopted to analyze the correlation between serum BNP ,TNF‐α,MMP‐9 and IL‐6 with the left ventricular echocardiographic parameters in the CHF patients ,the results showed that serum BNP ,TNF‐α,MMP‐9 and IL‐6 levels were negatively correlated with LVEF (P<0 .05) ,while positively correlated with LVEDD and LVESD (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The serum BNP ,TNF‐α,MMP‐9 and IL‐6 levels are the good indexes for diagnosing CHF ,moreover can accurately reflect different heart function status in the CHF patients with different cardiac function grades ,which are closely related to the occurrence and de‐velopment process of CHF .

Objective To explore the efficacy of calmodulin antagonist berbamine(BBM)on multidrug resistance(MDR)reversal and its mechanism. Methods Human breast cancer cell line MCF7 and its adriamycin-resistant counterpart MCF7/ADR were used in the study.The cells were cultured with ADR and different concentration of BBM. MTT assay was used to analyze the effect of BBM on cell growth inhibition.According to the MTT assay,the 50% inhibitory concentration(IC 50 ),the multiples of drug resistance and increased sensitivity of ADR were calculated.The concentration of intracellular ADR and expression level of P-glycoprotein(P-gp)were detected by flowcytometry(FCM).The mRNA expression level of mdr1 gene was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)with ?-actin as internal reference. Results The IC 50 of ADR in MCF7 and MCF7/ADR cells were(0.98?0.06)?mol/L and(101.20?5.72)?mol/L,respectively.The resistant multiple of MCF/ADR cells to ADR was 103 folds higher than that of MCF7 cells.BBM increased the chemo-sensitivity of ADR in MCF7/ADR cells with dose-dependent relationship,i.e.when 5*!?mol/L ,10*!?mol/L and 20*!?mol/L BBM was added into the culture the chemo-sensitivity of ADR was increased to 2.76,5.88,and 28.26 folds(P

Objective:To observe the influence of emotional stress on the temporomandibular joint(TMJ) of SD rats. Methods:Standard animal model of emotional stress was created by emotion communication emergency box technique in 30 SD rats and foot-shocked in another 30. Control rats were 30 without treatment. The microstructure and ultrastructure of the disc surface, condylar surface and external pterygoid muscle were observed 1, 3 and 5 weeks after emotional stress treatment. Results:Obviously pathological changes were observed in the experimental animals, especially at 3 weeks, involving the fissures on the disc and condylar surface, the collagen fibers were disordered. Electron microscopy observation showed that condylar collagen was exposed. The mitochondria edema and vacuolar degeneration in the external pterygoid muscle were found.At 5 weeks, the condylar cartilage started to recover. Conclusion:Long term emotional stress may lead to pathological changes of the temporomandibular system. The changes can be partly recovered after a certain time of adaption of TMJ.

Objective To study the morphological changes of soleus muscle spindle and electrical activity of neurons in Red Nucleus(RN) of the rat after 2 weeks' simulated weightlessness, and to reveal the interaction between proprioceptive inputs of muscle spindles and reciprocal alterations in RN under simulated weightlessness. Methods Twenty female rats were exposed to weightlessness simulated by tail-suspension for 14 days (SW-14d). Body weight(200-220g) matched female rats were control group(Con). The morphological changes in isolated muscle spindle of soleus muscle, the discharges of red nucleus neurons were observed after 14d tail-suspensions by silver staining and extracellular recording respectively. Results Compared with control group ,the nerve ending of muscle spindle in SW-14d was distorted, degenerated and dissolved; the diameters of intrafusal fibers and capsule in equatorial region of soleus muscle spindles were diminished(P＜0.05). The spontaneous cell activity and discharge of RN neurons (spikes/s) induced by afferent firing from muscle spindles after injection of succinylcholine were reduced after 2 weeks' simulated weightlessness respectively (18.44±5.96 vs. 10.19±6.88, 32.50±8.08 vs. 16.86±5.97, P＜0.01). Conclusion The degeneration of muscle spindle induced by simulated weightlessness may be one of the causes that led to alterations in discharges of RN.

Objective To observe the substance P(SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) expressions in the temporomandibular joints(TM J) of the rats undergone emotional stress and explore the relationship between emotional stress and temporomandibular joint disorder(TMD). Methods Ninety SD rats were averagely randomly divided into emotional stress ( ES ) group( n = 30 ), electric foot-shocked (FS) group ( n = 30 ) and control (CON) group( n = 30). The emotional stress was induced by communication box. The TMJ tissues in ES and CON groups were removed after 1, 3 and 5 weeks of emotional stress for scanning electron microscope ( SEM ) test and immunohistochemistry test. The SP and CGRP expressions were examined with SABC immunohistochemistry and then analyzed by image analysis system. Results The expressions of SP and CGRP had significant difference after 1 ,3 and 5 weeks emotional stress ( SP: 124.5 ± 16.9,185.6 ± 1.8 and 193.5 ± 3.5, respectively; CGRP: 185.9 ±5.3, 112.5 ±5.2 and 174.3 ±5.3 ,respectively) (P＜0. 05 ). The SEM results showed that there was a series of structural change on the condylar surface after emotional stress. Conclusion The SP and CGRP energy nerve fibers take part in the TMJ pathological process undergone emotional stress.

Objective To investigate changes induced by hindlimb unloading in morphology of nerve endings in soleus muscle spindles.Method Hindlimb unloading model was simulated by tail suspension in female rats.Fast silver-staining was used to observe morphology of nerve endings of single muscle spindle in 7 d,14 d,21 d and 28 d tail-suspended and control rats.Result Nerve endings of muscle spindles in control rats were intact and clear,and there was no obvious abnormality in single soleus muscle spindle of 7 d tail-suspended rats.Slight fragmentation of nerve endings was observed in Equatorial Region of soleus muscle spindle in 14 d tail-suspended rats,while reduction in density and disruption of nerve endings were observed in soleus muscle spindle in 21 d tail-suspended rats.Serious degeneration and distortion of nerve endings were found in soleus muscle spindle in 28 d tail-suspended rats.Conclusion Hindlimb-unloading can induce time-related changes in morphology of nerve endings of muscle spindle in rats soleus muscle.

Objective To observe the changes of diameter of intrafusal fibers and capsule at equatorial region of rat soleus muscle spindle caused by hindlimb-unloading.Method Tail-suspended female rats were used as the model of hindlimb-unloading,all rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to body weight.The four groups were exposed to tail-suspension for: 7 d,14 d,28 d and 0 d,respectively.The diameter of intrafusal fibers and capsule of single muscle spindle was measured and analyzed.Result The diameter of intrafual fibers,including nuclear-bag fibers and nuclear-chain fibers, were reduced slightly in both 7 d group and 28 d group and obviously reduced in 14 d group.The capsule diameter at equatorial region was obviously reduced in 7 d group.Conclusion Hindlimb-unloading can obviously reduce the diameters of intrafusal fibers and capsule at equatorial region of rat soleus muscle spindle.

To observe the effects of ethanol extract of Rhizome Pinelliae Preparata on the intracellular pH value of human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells.

Objective To investigate the assessment of multi-detector spiral CT on the cardiac function after bioprosthetic valve replacement with mitral valve preservation.Methods Thirty-five patients suitable for undergoing bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement in our hospital from May 2012 to February 2014 were randomly divided into 2 groups:group A(experimental group,intraoperative preservation of mitral valve and subvalvular structure during,n=16) and group B (control group,without intraoperative preservation of subvalvular structure of mitral valve,n=19).MDCT before operation and on postoperative 10 d was performed for evaluating the left ventricular function.Results In the comparison of preoperative MDCT,the end diastolic velocity(EDV),end systolic velocity(ESV),ejection fraction(EF) and stroke volume(SV) had no statistical difference between the group A and B.In MDCT results on postoperative 10 d,EDV,ESV and EF in the group A were 113.42±9.22)mL,(38.63±3.40)mL and (51.63±4.71) ％,which in the group B were(113.42 ± 9.22) mL,(38.63 ± 3.40) mL and (51.63 ± 4.71) ％ respectively,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),but SV had no statistical difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The bioprosthetic valve replacement with mitral valve preservation is safe and feasible in technology,moreover effectively protects the postoperative left ventricular function.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility and anatomy landmark of the frontal beak approach of endoscopic frontal sinusotomy to the frontal sinus lesions. METHOD: (1)Twenty cases of frozen cadaveric head underwent spiral computed tomography scans. Then data were transferred into the Mimics image workstation to reorganize CT images in the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes. The anatomic parameters related to surgical approach points were measured, such as the distance between vertical plate of the middle turbinate and lamina papyracea and the thickness of the frontal beak. (2) 3D visual model of the frontal cell and the drainage way of the frontal sinus was produced with the application of Sinuses Trachea I software. (3)The endoscopic frontal sinus surgery were performed on 20 cases of subjects (objects)to find out the anatomy landmarks of the frontal beak approach, measure the parameters such as the distance between middle turbinate and lamina papyracea, and evaluate the potential surgical complications during operation. RESULT: (1)The frontal beak is a white bony arcs located at the attachment point of middle turbinate front inserted to the skull base. Its position was relatively constant, before frontal sinus above. (2)The distance between the middle turbinate vertical plate and lamina papyracea was (7. 61 ± 1. 34) mm. The thickness of the frontal beak in surgical approach was (3. 27 ± 0. 91) mm. (3) 3D visual structure of the frontal sinus and its ventilation pathway: the shape of unilateral frontal sinus looked like the cone, which was transited by the drainage pathway of the frontal sinus. The front part of the frontal sinus ostium is surrounded by the frontal beak. The upper part the frontal beak connected to the floor of the frontal sinus. (4) Frontal beak can be used as an landmark of frontal beak approach in the endoscopic frontal sinus surgery. But the lateral view of frontal sinus still was limited in the operation. CONCLUSION The endoscopic frontal sinus surgery with the approach of the frontal beak is easy to operate and learn. In this area between the double "L", the operation is safe.
Anatomic Landmarks ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Frontal Sinus ; surgery ; Humans ; Skull Base ; Software ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Turbinates ; anatomy & histology