OBJECTIVE:To apply the kinetic turbidimetric Limulus test to the endotoxin assay of Levocarnitine sodium chloride injection.METHODS:The16-fold dilution of Levocarnitine sodium chloride injection was prepared.The content of bacterial endotoxin in Levocarnitine sodium chloride injection was determined with kinetic turbidimetric Limulus test after screen test and validation test.RESULTS:The16-fold dilution of Levocarnitine sodium chloride injection was effective to e?liminate the interference in Limulus test.The average recovery was in the range of50%～200%.CONCLUSION:The kinetic turbidimetric Limulus test provides a new and quick method for the quantitative determination of bacterial endotoxin in Levo?carnitine sodium chloride injection.

The morphogenesis of Valsalva's sinus of semilunar valves in chick embryo was studied with SEM and LM. The sinus began to develop at stage 30 and was basically formed at stage 34 (based on H-H staging). The endothelial cells on arterial and ventricular surfaces of the valve were morphologically different. Mesenchymal cells beneath the endothelium were distributed loosely or densely on different parts of the valve in accordance with the morphological changes of the endothelial cells. The study suggests that the formation of the sinus is associated with not only the growth of endothelial cells on the arterial surface of the valve into underneath mesenchyme, but also with the mesenchyme which is loosing and presents some cavities.

The distribution of receptor sites for concanavalin A (Con A) on the cellsurface of human gastric cancer cell line (MGC 80-3) and fibroblast cell cultures wasstudied with electron and light microscope after application of Con A-peroxidasemethod.The cytochemical reaction of the majority of non-prefixed MGC 80-3 cellsshows a striking tendency to be more uneven distribution than on fibroblasts.Clustering,patching and capping of Con A binding sites on the cancer cells anduniform distribution on the fibroblasts were observed.The effects of incubationtemperature,prefix treatment,different phase of cell cycles and cell growth condi-tions on the distribution of Con A receptor complexes were observed.The possiblereasons for the more irregular distribution of the cytochemical reaction product onthe MGC 80-3 cells than the fibroblasts are discussed.

Objective To monitor epidemiological distribution and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from cerebral spinal fluid in neurosurgically treated patients. Methods Bacteria isolated from cerebral spinal fluid specimens and antibiotic resistance identification results of patients admitted into our department from January 2003 to December 2007 were collected to analyze distribution and antibiotic resistance of the pathogens. Results Of 437 isolates, Gram-positive bacilli and Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 73.5% (321 isolates) and 26.5% ( 116 isolates), respectively. The first five most fre-quently isolated pathogens were staphylococcus epidermidis (55.6%), staphylococcus aurens (15. 3% ), enterobacter (6.6%), aeinetobacter (5.3%) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.0%). The anti-bacterials with highest susceptibility to Gram-negative bacilli were imipenem ( 83.9% ), amikacin ( 68. 8% ), ciprofloxacin and tobramycin (67.4%), cefepime (61.3%) and ceftazidime (69.2%). The other antibacterials had susceptibility of less than 60%. Conclusions The prevailing pathogens in post-operative intracranial infection are Gram-pnsitive bacilli, especially staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus anreu. Data collected in present study may provide valuable information for prophylactic and empirical antibiotic use in post-operative intracranial infection.

A rat monoclonal antibody of the IgG1 class, McAb B5A8, specific for the cAMP-dependent protein kinase(PKA) was produced. Western blot analysis revealed specific binding of the antibody to protein of 52-56 kd.The affinity-purified McAb BSA8 was labeled with FITC. Immunofluorescent localization of PKA was examined in human fibroblasts, gastric cancer cell line (MGc 80-3)and EAC cells. The distribution of PKA on the cytoplasmic microtubule network, Golgi region and nucleoli were observed. PKA was localized in the nuclear region in G2 phase of synchronized MGc 80-3 cells, and it was only found around the nuclei of MGc 80-3 cells which were incubated with DBcAMP. The changes in the distribution of PKA in cells are discussed.

Synchronous cells in different phase (G_1, S, G_2, M) of cell cycle were obtained from human gastric low-differentiated mucous adenocarcinoma cells (MGC 80-3), which werec ultured with nitrous oxide under high pressure and blocked with overdosage of TdR. Dynamic changes of the mitochondria stained with Rhodamine-123 and succinate dehydrogenase demonstrated by cytochemical method were observed in various phase of the cells at 0, 24, 36, 60 hours after treatment with HPD plus red light. The results showed that mitochonodria of all four phases are of impairment immediately after photoradiation, SDH reactivity is decreased slightly at 24 hours, the activities of SDH is the weakest. As time goes on, we observed that mitochondria gradually recovered to its original structure and then SDH returned to its normal level. The recovery rate of mitochondria and SDH was in the following order, i. e. S, G_1, G_2, andM. The relationship between these changes and cell killing is briefly discussed.

BACKGROUND: Recently the prevalence rate of mass in mammary gland increases significantly than before. To use which kind of technology is not only related with the post-operation recurrence, but also related with the reconstruction of their confidence. Therefore, how to reduce the trauma physically and psychologically in patients to the maximal degree has become the chief factor to choose technology by surgeons.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap, latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap with breast prothesis, local flap and simple breast prothesis after skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction.DESIGN: Case analysis.SETTING: Department of Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital,Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 15 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and huge breast benign tumor patients were enrolled into Shenzhen People's Hospital between October 1997 and May 2004, aged from 20 to 46 years. They all got disease in single breast, and 8 of them had preoperative diagnosis of DCIS, T1N0M0 and 7 of them had huge breast benign tumor. Operation program was informed to the patients before operation so as to gain their agreement.METHODS: Skin-sparing mastectomy was performed with circular shape incision at areola and using TRAM flap, latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap with breast prothesis, local flap and simple breast prothesis to fill breast. Slight skin of musculo-cutaneous flap could compensate the nipple and areola when performing reconstruction. At the reoperation, nipple was made at the transferred flap.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To observe the patients with or without recurrence or transfer after operation and local healing of wound.RESULTS: With the cooperation of general surgeons the operation was done in 15 cases and 14 cases of them were followed up for more than 1 year. The reconstructed breasts were with good symmetry with the opposite one, normal skin sensation, natural shape and inconspicuous scar.CONCLUSION: This is an excellent alternative method for mastectomy and breast reconstruction based on the avoidance of recurrence of breast cancer in severe operation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like(DOT1L)on epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC)via Notch1 signal pathway.METHODS Fresh tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues from 30 pathologically confirmed LSCC patients were selected.The positive expression rates of DOT1L and its catalytic product H3K79me3 were detected by immunohistochemistry staining,the relative mRNA expression levels of DOT1L and H3K79me3 were measured by qRT-PCR.The human LSCC cell line TU686 was selected and divided into blank control group,over-expression group,and low-expression group.After 48 hours of cultivation,cell proliferation rate was measured using MTT method,cell apoptosis rate was measured using flow cytometry,and the relative expression levels of Notch1,E-cadherin,N-cadherin,and Vimentin proteins were detected using Western blot.RESULTS 1.Compared with normal tissues adjacent to cancer,the positive expression rates[(41.5±8.9)%vs.(18.3±3.6)%,t=56.963,P＜0.001;(40.5±7.7)%vs.(10.2±2.3)%,t=96.635,P＜0.001]and mRNA expression levels[(0.69±0.13)vs.(0.13±0.09),t=102.302,P＜0.001;(0.42±0.19)vs.(0.09±0.03),t=85.659,P＜0.001]of DOT1L and H3K79me3 in tumor tissues were significantly increased.2.Compared with the blank control group,cell proliferation rate in the over-expression group was significantly higher(t=45.628,P＜0.001),while apoptosis rate was lower(t=40.125,P＜0.001),Notch1,N-cadherin,and Vimentin proteins expressions were increased,E-cadherin was decreased(t=22.524,30.263,45.629,27.859,P＜0.001).The cell proliferation rate in the low expression group was significantly decreased(t=33.427,P＜0.001),but apoptosis rate was increased(t=78.529,P＜0.001),levels of Notch1,N-cadherin,and Vimentin proteins were lower,E-cadherin was higher,too(t=19.864,23.524,28.957,33.426,P＜0.001).CONCLUSION DOT1L is highly expressed in LSCC,affecting the methylation level of histones,thereby regulating cell proliferation,apoptosis,and EMT behavior.DOT1L is expected to become a new site for tumor targeted intervention.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

Objective: To investigate the clinic feature, pathology, therapy and prognosis of the sarcomatoid caricinoma or carcinosarcoma of the larynx. Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of 7 patients with laryngeal carcinosarcoma /sarcomatoid caricinoma who were treated at our hospital between June 1996 and August 2016. All patients were men (mean age, 65.9 years; range, 52 to 94 years). Among 7 patients, 6 had a history of smoking; 2 underwent radiotherapy; and 5 patients who didn′t undergo radiotherapy complained of hoarseness. The glottis was the most frequent site of involvement. Most tumors exhibited a polypold or pedunculated gross morphology. Among the 5 patients who didn′t undergo a radiotherapy, 2 were in stage Ⅰ, 2 in stageⅡ, and 1 in stage Ⅲ. The other 2 cases underwent surgeries and radiotherapy were staged. Results: All 7 patients received surgeries, without lymph node metastasis. All the tumors were pathologically carcinosarcoma/sarcomatoid carcinoma. With immunohistochemistry examination, Vimetin was positive in all tumors, SMA positive in 3 tumors, S-100 positive in 1 tumors, but CD-68, HMB-45 or Myglobin was negative in all tumors. With follows-up from 3 months to 20 years, of 7 patients, 4 survived without recurrent, 1 dead, and 2 lost connection. Conclusions Both of the carcinosarcoma and the sarcomatoid carcinoma of larynx contain pathologically carcinoma and sarcoma. Surgery is the best choice for laryngeal sarcomatoid carcinoma, and these patients without a undergoing radiotherapy before surgery or these with little sarcoma in tumors show better prognosis.