Objective To investigate the role of AQP2 and Na +-K +-ATPase in the pathogenesis of kidney injury with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,and try to find the express characteristics of them.Methods A total of 72 healthy rats were randomly (random number) divided into two groups:control group (n =24) and Lipopolysaccharide group (n =48).The Lipopolysaccharide group rats were injected with 5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide at the beginning while the control group was 0.9％ sodium chloride.After the model was succeeded,the rats were put to death at 6 h,12 h,24 h,2 days,3 days and 5 days equally.The urine and blood were collected.Blood were used biochemical tests to check.kidney AQP2 protein and mRNA expression level in the organization were applied the immune organized and RT-PCR technique to detect.Applied kit for determining the content and activity of sodium/potassium-atpase.Results The volume of urine in LPS group decrease quickly at 12 h and 24 h,but increased after 2 days.Urea nitrogen and creatinine increased gradually,and peaked at 48 h,after then gradually decline.AQP2 mRNA and protein expression decreased,and minimize at 48 h.The content of Na+-K+-ATP ase has no obvious difference,but the activity significantly decreased at the beginning,then increased gradually,but it was still lower than the control group.Conclusions In renal injury rats model with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,AQP2 is the structure of renal reabsorption function,while Na +-K +-ATPase directly involved in or indirectly reflected the state of kidney energy metabolism.Recovery of AQP2 protein and energy metabolism,before the rat kidney function improved.

BACKGROUND:Traditionally, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was used to evaluate exercise response of patients with asthma; however, patients obviously had panting after exercise, so FEV1 was affected commonly. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a new technique for measuring respiratory impedance that do not require maximal inspiration and forced expiration.OBJECTIVE: To study airway resistance with IOS before and after exercise in healthy and asthmatic patients and investigate the significance of exercise excitation and IOS assessment.DESIGN: Synchronically non-randomized case contrast study.SETTING: Department of Respiratory Medicine, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 14 male patients with bronchial asthma who were regarded as the asthmatic group were selected from Department of Respiratory Medicine of Shanghai East Hospital from January to October 2006. They were in a clinical stationary phase. Another 14 male healthy subjects were selected as the control group and ages of all subjects ranged from 29 to 50 years. All subjects provided the confirmed consent.METHODS: IOS was used to measure basic value of respiratory resistance, and then subjects underwent exercise challenge. Nose of subjects was clipped breathing through mouth. Within 3-4 minutes, heart rate was increased to 90% and maintained for 6 minutes during challenge. Respiratory resistance was repeatedly measured at 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after exercise, including airway hyperresponse (AHR), total respiratory resistance, central resistance, peripheral resistance and resonance frequency at 5, 20 and 35 Hz of pulse frequency, elasrtic resistance and inertia resistance (X5 and X35) at 5 and 10 Hz of pulse frequency. In addition, difference of AHR at 5 and 35 Hz was calculated, and change ratios of both Rcentral and Rperipheral were calculated as (highest value after exercise-baseline value)/baseline value × 100%.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Basic value of respiratory resistance by using IOS and exercise challenge test.RESULTS: All 14 patients with bronchial asthma and 14 healthy subjects were involved in the final analysis. Peripheral resistance (Rperiphera) was significantly higher than central resistance (Rcentral) in asthmatic patients (P ＜ 0.01). The maximal increase of respiratory impedance occurred from 5 minutes to 10 minutes after exercise in asthmatics. Resonance frequency (Fres) of asthmatics before and after exercise was significantly increased than that of controls (P ＜ 0.01).Change ratios of Fres from asthmatics were higher than that from control group (P ＜ 0.01). After challenge, R5, R5-R20,Zrespir and X5 from asthmatics changed significantly than that from controls (P ＜ 0.01). The increment change value of After exercise Zrespir increased significantly, because obstruction of small bronchi during expiration and impedance increased abruptly. Air trapping was expressed in VT-Zrespir graph in 57.1% patients. There was no difference in the VT-Zrespir graph of controls before and after exercise.CONCLUSION: The main site of airflow obstruction was in small airways in asthmatics after exercise challenge. The general acceptance of IOS method was good among the asthmatic patients. The airway response of exercise challenge may be assessed more accurately with IOS that do not require a maximal inspiration and forced expiration.

Objective To assay the serum adiponectin levels in normal subjects and patients with insulin resistance syndrome, and to explore the correlation between adiponectin and insulin sensitivity, blood glucose, insulin, lipids etc. Methods Insulin sensitivity index (SI) was assessed by the reduced sample number of Bergman's minimal model method with intravenous glucose tolerance test in subjects of normal controls, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (ICT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Meanwhile the anthropometrical parameters such as body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were evaluated and the serum lipids, fasting and postprandial 2 h plasma glucose and insulin levels were also measured. Results Compared with normal control group, the SI in obesity, IGT and type 2 DM groups was significantly decreased (P

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are mixed porous materials which are composed of metal clusters or ions and organic pillars. Given their channel tunability, high porosity, large specific surface area, and good biocompatibility, MOFs can be combined with various biological macromolecules. In recent years, they have been widely studied in the field of biomedicine, especially in the loading of anti-tumor drugs, showing great application prospects. Multifunctional anti-tumor MOF combined with different therapeutic methods provides a new idea and method for tumor treatment. On the basis of the structure of MOF, this paper introduces the advantages of using MOF to load anti-tumor drugs and reviews the application of MOF in tumor therapy.

Malignant tumor has become one of the main reasons threatening human health. Invasion and metastasis are the important biological characteristics of malignant tumor and the main cause of death of malignant tumor patients. CPNE is highly expressed in malignant tumors, and its family may interact with proteins and MicroRNA to participate in MAPK, PI3K/AKT and other signal pathways to mediate tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. This article reviews the expression of CPNE in malignant tumors and its effect on invasion and metastasis.

Objective:To evaluate the minimally invasive fixation with a locking plate via the tarsal sinus approach in the surgical treatment of Sanders Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 65 patients who had been surgically treated for Sanders Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures at Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Binzhou Medical College Hospital from April, 2019 to September, 2020. There are 44 males and 21 females with an age of (42.5±10.4) years, and 46 Sanders type Ⅱ fractures and 19 Sanders type Ⅲ ones. The patients were divided into group L and group S according to surgical methods. Group S of 35 cases was fixated with a minimally invasive locking plate through the tarsal sinus incision while group L of 30 cases fixated with a locking plate through the L-shaped incision. The 2 groups were compared in terms of waiting time before surgery, surgical time, hospital stay, intraoperative bleeding, visual analogue scale (VAS) at 3 days after surgery, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score at 1 year after surgery, excellent and good rate by the Maryland foot function score, B?hler angle, Gissane angle, varus angle, and complications.Results:There was no significant difference in the general data before surgery between the 2 groups, showing comparability ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for (13.3±1.6) months after surgery. The waiting time before surgery [(2.8±1.8) d], surgical time [(80.7±9.9) min], hospital stay [(6.7±1.9) d], intraoperative bleeding [(54.3±14.2) mL], and VAS at 3 days after surgery [6 (5, 7) points] in group S were all significantly less or lower than those in group L [(8.2±2.8) d, (105.0±15.7) min, (14.6±3.4) d, (74.3±12.8) mL, and 7 (6, 8) points] (all P<0.05). At one year after surgery, the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score [(90.1±3.5) points] in group S was significantly higher than that in group L [(83.5±6.7) points] ( P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in the excellent and good rate by the Maryland foot function score between the 2 groups [91.4% (32/35) versus 86.7% (26/30)] ( P=0.695). The B?hler angle, Gissane angle, and varus angle were significantly improved in all patients one year after surgery compared with the values before surgery ( P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences within either group or between the 2 groups at 3 days or 1 year after surgery ( P>0.05). Peroneal muscle pain was reported in 1 case in group S; there were 2 cases of skin necrosis, 1 case of incision hematoma and 1 case of sural nerve injury in group L. Conclusion:The minimally invasive fixation with a locking plate via the tarsal sinus approach is an effective treatment for Sanders Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures.

PLEK2 (Pleckstrin-2) is a subtype of platelets and leukocytes Pleckstrin, located at 14q23.3-q24.1. Its encoded protein contains 353 amino acids. It plays a role in a variety of cells other than immune cells. The research is relatively limited, mainly involved in the reorganization of cytoskeleton proteins and the regulation of cell extension and migration. PLEK2 plays an important role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of a variety of tumors, and can participate in the regulation of a variety of signal pathways, thereby regulating tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. PLEK2 is up-regulated in a variety of tumors and has carcinogenic properties. This article reviews the regulatory role of PLEK2 in tumorigenesis, development and metastasis and its impact on tumor prognosis.

Objective:To analyze survival in patients with advanced oral cancer from prospective clinical trials. Methods:From 2008 to 2010, 256 patients with oral cancer at clinical stage III/IVA were randomly categorized into two groups. Patients in the experi-mental group received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and post-operative radiation, and patients in the control group underwent surgery and post-operative radiation. All patients were routinely followed-up after treatments. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test, and differences were considered statistically significant at P value lower than 0.05. Results: Each group was composed of 128 patients. With the median follow-up period of 60 months, the 5-year overall survival rate was 61.7%and the disease-free survival rate was 53.9%. The overall survival rate (P=0.350) and the disease-free survival rate (P=0.160) were not sig-nificantly different between the experimental and control groups. Patients with positive pathological response to neo-adjuvant chemo-therapy exhibited significantly improved overall survival (P＜0.05). Conclusion:Radical surgery should be emphasized to improve the prognosis of oral cancer. Functional reconstruction could also improve the quality of life and survival of patients. Despite that neo-adju-vant chemotherapy could not improve the survival of patients with advanced oral cancer in entirety, it could benefit patients exhibiting positive treatment responses.

Objective:To explore the mechanism of Huangqi Jiedu Decoction (HQJD) in the treatment of breast cancer with the syndrome of Zheng deficiency and toxic incandescence by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.Methods:The main active ingredients and targets of HQJD were screened through the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) systematic pharmacology database and analysis platform. The relevant targets of breast cancer with the syndrome of Zheng-deficiency, toxic-incandescence were obtained using OMIM, GeneGards and Drugbank databases, and the relevant targets of HQJD for the treatment of breast cancer with the syndrome of Zheng-deficiency and toxic incandescence were obtained by intersection; The Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was used to build the protein protein interaction (PPI) network and the " drug active component target disease" network on the basis of String 11.0 database, and the core active components and core targets of HQJD in treating breast cancer with the syndrome of Zheng-deficiency and toxic-incandescence were inferred according to the topological parameters. gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on core targets using R language; and molecular docking verification on the main active ingredients and core targets were conducted.Results:230 effective targets of active ingredients of HQJD were screened, and 15 467 active ingredients of breast cancer with syndrome of Zheng-deficiency/toxic-incandescence were obtained; 217 intersection targets; GO function enrichment analysis showed that the treatment of HQJD for breast cancer with the syndrome of Zheng-deficiency and toxic-incandescence mainly involved oxidative stress and cytochemical stress; The enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway showed that HQJD treatment of breast cancer with the syndrome of Zheng-deficiency and toxic-incandescence was mainly related to phosphatidylinositol 3-protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and other signal pathways. The molecular docking results showed that the main active ingredients such as β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, luteolin had good binding ability with core targets.Conclusions:HQJD has the characteristics of multi-component, multi target and multi pathway in the treatment of breast cancer with syndrome of Zheng-deficiency and toxic-incandescence, and its main mechanism may be related to PI3K-Akt, IL-17, P53 and other signal pathways.

Objective To discuss the rationality of stage pT3 in the AJCC 8th TNM criteria of gallbladder carcinoma. Methods A retrospective study was performed to analyze the clinical and pathological data of 88 patients with pT3 gallbladder carcinoma admitted to Department of Second Biliary Surgery of Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, affiliated to Naval Medical University from May 2013 to September 2018.pT3 stage tumors were divided into two groups: (1) pT3a stage:tumors had penetrated serosa but not directly invaded liver and/or an adjacent organ or structure;(2) pT3b stage:tumor penetrating serosa and directly invaded liver and/or an adjacent organ or structure. There were 45 patients with pT3a stage, including 15 males and 30 females,aged 36 to 80 years,with a median age of 59 years;43 patients with pT3b, including 24 males and 19 females,aged 41 to 78 years old,median aged 63 years old.Patients with pT3a and pT3b were further divided into two groups respectively: radical resection group and extended radical resection group according to surgical radicalization. Independent sample t?test was used for comparison between two groups with normal distribution measurement data. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used between groups of non?normally distributed measurement data.The comparison of the count data was performed by χ2 test or Fisher exact probability method. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan?Meier method, and survival rate was compared using Log?rank test.Results (1)Serum total bilirubin(15.6(90.3)mmol/L), albumin(40.2(4.8)mmol/L), and CA19?9(132.90(455.78)U/ml) levels in pT3b patients were higher than that in pT3a patients(10.2(6.8)mmol/L, 41.8(4.9)mmol/L, 14.35(36.27)U/ml), respectively(Z=-3.816,-1.966,-3.739, all P<0.05),postoperative complication rate in pT3b patients(24.4%) was higher than that in pT3a patients(8.9%)(P<0.05),postoperative hospital stay(12(7)days) and overall hospital stay((26±17)days) of pT3b patients were longer than that of pT3a patients((10±5) days and (19±7)days)(P<0.05).(2) The 1?,3?, 5?year survival rates of pT3b and pT3a patients were 53%,22%,22% and 69%, 46%,38%,and the median survival time was 13 months and 26 months, respectively. The difference in survival rates between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2=5.117, P=0.024). (3)The 1?, 3?year survival rates of extended radical resection group(n=19) and radical resection group(n=24) in the pT3b stage were 73%, 36% and 28%, 7%, respectively.The survival time was 20 months and 9 months,respectively,and the difference in survival rates between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2=4.976, P=0.026). Conclusions pT3 gallbladder carcinoma could be further subdivided into pT3a stage and pT3b stage based on the TNM criteria of AJCC 8th gallbladder carcinoma. Extended radical resection for pT3b gallbladder carcinoma should be further considered after comprehensive assessment of the patient′s basic condition and surgical tolerance.