Relevant projects carried out within the Yangtze River economic belt on the impact of schistosomiasis epidemic and transmission are important issues for ecological priority in the process of implementing the strategy. The key problems of schistosomiasis epidemic risk,epidemic happening repeatedly,difficulty of rehabilitating Oncomelania hupensis snail control and schistosomiasis prevention forest,lag of evaluation system and platform construction,lack of basic research,et al. were ana-lyzed in the Yangtze River economic belt taking ecological priority as the basis in this paper. Then corresponding countermea-sures to these challenges were put forward so as to provide the reference for the national forestry schistosomiasis control pro-grams,which include:execution of the comprehensive prevention and control strategy,scheming of the new round of forestry schistosomiasis control programs,strengthening schistosomiasis prevention and control,promoting productivity in existing forest-ry to consolidate and improve the achievements of previous forestry schistosomiasis control programs,and promoting the intensi-ty of technological innovation to improve the technological level of forestry schistosomiasis control programs.

Objective To discuss the efficacy of photoselective vaporization of the prostate(PVP) for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods From July 2006 to August 2007,110 patients with BPH received PVP in our hospital.The safety of the procedure,Pre- and postoperative Qmax,and IPSS of the cases were recorded and analyzed.Results The mean operation time was(51.2?36.3) minutes(ranged from 15 to 180).In the patients,23 cases had a prostate weighed ≥100 g,9 of them received TURP during the procedure.89 patients underwent bladder irrigation for 15 to 48 hours(mean,36 hours).After the operation,urinary catheter was left indwelling in all the patients except for 6(

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia in the neonatal period on cognitive function and acetylcholinesterase(AChE) activity in hippocampus in developmental stages in rats.Methods Eighty 7 day-old SD rats weighing 12-16 g were randomly divided into 5 groups( n ＝ 16 each):groups A and B inhaled 3 ％ sevoflurane in oxygen for 6 and 2 h respectively; groups C and D inhaled 1.5 ％ sevoflurane in oxygen for 6 and 2 h respectively; group E inhaled oxygen only.The cognitive function was assessed using Morris water maze test in weaning period(16-21 day-old) and sexual maturity period (55-60 day-old) respectively.The rats were sacrificed at 30 min after Morris water maze test was finished at 21 and 60 d after birth,and the hippecampus were removed for determination of AChE activity using colorimetry method.ResultsCompared with group E,escape latency was prolonged during 17-20 d after birth in group A,and at 18,19 d after birth in groups B and C,and at 18 d after birth in group C,and AChE activity increased at 21 d after birth in group A( P < 0.05 or 0.01 ).Compared with group A,escape latency was shortened at 19,20 d after birth,and AChE activity decreased at 21 d after birth in groups B and C( P < 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with groups B and C,escape latency was shortened at 19,20 d after birth in group D( P < 0.05).There were no significantly differences in probe time in original platform quadrant,frequency of crossing the original platform and AChE activity at 60 d after birth and escape latency during sexual maturity period among the 5 groups( P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionSevoflurane anesthesia in the neonatal period can reversible decrease the congnitive function in developmental stages in rats in concentration and time dependent manners,and the mechanism may be related to increasing the AChE activity in hippocampus.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy, safety and complications of minimally invasive percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(PRFA) therapy for hepatic cavernous hemangioma(HCH). Methods Twelve patients with total 15 HCHs (2.5cm to 9.5cm) were treated by using RF-2000 generator and 10-needle LeVeen electrode percutaneously guided by B-ultrasound. Tumors larger than 3cm were treated by multiple overlapping ablations that encompassed the entire lesions as well as an approximately 0.5cm rim of normal liver tissue. Results The procedures were successful and the patients recovered well without the complications of bleeding or bile leakage after mean 48-month follow up period. Spiral CT scanning showed that the contrast enhancement was disappeared within the lesions or at their periphery in all cases. The mean diameter of the ablated HCHs reduced 68%. Conclusion The results suggested that PRFA therapy was a minimally invasive, simple, safe, and effective approach for treating HCHs in selected patients.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of liraglutide for obesity or overweight. Methods Random controlled trials of liraglutide for obesity or overweight were gathered from MEDLINE, EMbase, CENTRAL, CNKI, VIP and WanFang. We screened the retrieved studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, evaluated the quality of included studies, and then performed meta-analyses with The Cochrane Collaboration's Revman 5. 3. 0 software. Results Twelve randomized controlled trials of liraglutide for obesity or overweight were included, in which 11 trials were written in English and one trial in Chinese. The results of meta-analyses showed that the body weight was significantly reduced in the liraglutide group than in placebo, insulin, exenatide and glimepiride groups [RR=-0. 91,95%CI(-1. 01,-0. 81),P<0. 000 01;RR=-2. 88,95%CI(-3. 37,-2. 39),P<0. 000 01; RR=-1. 12,95%CI(-1. 32,-0. 92),P<0. 000 01; RR=0. 45,95%CI(-0. 62,-0. 27),P<0. 000 01]. Moreover, liraglutide had significant effect in decreasing HbA1c and systolic blood pressure of patients with obesity or overweight. Conclusion Liraglutide is effective for controlling body weight of patients with obesity or overweight. But its long-term efficacy still needs to be confirmed by performing more RCTs with high quality, large sample and long term follow-up.

Objective To study the liver X receptor(LXR)and the gene expression of cholesterol ester transfer protein(CETP),cyclooxygenase-2(COX2)in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)patients.Methods Macrophages were separated from the blood drawn in 30 cases of OSAHS patients and 30 healthy control subjects in the morning,RT-PCR gel eletrophoresis was used to determine the patterns of gene expression.Results OSAHS patients had higher LXR,COX2,CETP expression(P

Retinal ischemia is the common pathologic process in many ophthalmic diseases, including ischemic optic neuropathy, retinal artery and vein occlusion, carotid artery obstructive disease, retinopathy of prematurity, chronic diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. It is very important to establish animal models to investigate pathology mechanism and explore the treatment of retinal ischemia disease. At present, the commonly used methods for establishing retinal ischemia animal models include increasing intraocular pressure, ligating of blood vessels, suture method, photochemical method, and drug injection etc. This article summarizes the methods to establish the animal models and analyzes the indication for each animal model. It is expected that the method of establishing a retinal ischemic animal model will be helpful to the experimental design of follow-up retinal ischemia studies.

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid artery intima-media thickness and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1)in patients with metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods According to the definition of MS by NCEP-ATP Ⅲ,323 patients were divided into the MS group(160 cases)and without MS group(163 cases).The PAI-1 level was assayed by ELISA.The carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT)and atherosclerotic plaque were measured by high-frequency Doppler ultrasound.Results The PAI-1 level,carotid IMT and incidence rate of plaque of the MS group were 30.52±11.02 ng/ml,0.92±0.21 mm and 63.1% respectively.Those of the without MS group were 26.57±11.09 ng/ml,0.86±0.20 mm and 49.1% respectively.There was a significant difference between two groups(P<0.05～0.01).Moreover,with the increasing of the number of MS components,the carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT)and incidence rate of plaque were gradually increased(P<0.05).The stepwise regression analysis showed that PAI-1 was independently associated with the carotid IMT(standardized coefficients=0.105,P<0.05).Conclusion MS tends to cause carotid atherosclerosis,the increase of PAI-1 is possibly correlated with carotid artery atherosclerosis.

Objective To investigate genotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Rhizobium radiobacter (R.radiobact-er)isolated from pediatric patients with bacteremia.Methods R.radiobacter strains from blood cultures of pediatric pa-tients with bacteremia from February 2013 through February 2014 were collected.16S rDNA fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR),bacterial genotypes were identified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE),antimi-crobial susceptibility testing were performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.Results 13 isolates of R.radiobacter were isolated from 12 children with positive blood culture,which including 3 genotypes,the homology of 16S rDNA fragment and R.radiobacter IFM 10623 was up to 99%.According to CLSI 2003 standard,these 13 R.radiobacter were resistant to ceftazidime,piperacillin,ticarcillin,piperacillin/tazobactam,ticarcillin/clavulanic acid,aztreo-nam and polymyxin B,but sensitive to cefepime,doripenem,imipenem,meropenem,tobramycin,netilmicin,cip-rofloxacin,levofloxacin,and norfloxacin.In addition,cefotaxime and ceftriaxone showed larger inhibition zone. Conclusion Therapy of R.radiobacter infection should be based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing results;cefo-taxime and ceftriaxone are better selection for the therapy of R.radiobacter infection in pediatric patients.

BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that trehalose possesses protective effects on cyropreserved sternum. But the mechanism of action remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of trehalose on bcl-2 and bax mRNA expression in cryopreserved sternum. METHODS: Four groups of freshly prepared solution were used: low-potassium dextran (LPD), LPD + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), LPD + trehalose, LPD + DMSO + trehalose. Rat sternum was cut and then immediately cryopreserved in the tubes containing each group of solution. Fresh rat sternum tissue and 4 groups of samples cryopreserved for 120 days were taken and bcl-2 and bax mRNA expression in fresh and cryopreserved sternum was detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: bcl-2 mRNA expression in the LPD + trehalose group was significantly higher, but bax mRNA expression was significantly lower, than in the LPD, LPD + DMSO groups (both P < 0.01). LPD + DMSO + trehalose group showed highest bcl-2 mRNA expression and lowest bax mRNA expression, which were basically similar to fresh bone tissue (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that trehalose may protect cell activity in cryopreserved sternum by enhancing bcl-2 mRNA expression and inhibiting bax mRNA expression, and trehalose together with DMSO shows better protective effects.