Perception, affection and consciousness are basic psychological functions of human being. Affection is the subjective reflection of different kinds of objects. The foundation of human being's thinking is constituted by the three basic functions. Affective computing is an effective tool of revealing the affectiveness of human being in order to understand the world. Our research of affective computing focused on the relation, the generation and the influent factors among different affections. In this paper, the affective mechanism, the basic theory of affective computing, is studied, the method of acquiring and recognition of affective information is discussed, and the application of affective computing is summarized as well, in order to attract more researchers into this working area.
Affect ; Computing Methodologies ; Emotions ; Humans ; Mental Processes

In this paper, the response of individual's physiological system under psychological stress state is discussed, and the theoretical support for psychological stress assessment research is provided. The two methods, i.e., the psychological stress assessment of questionnaire and physiological parameter assessment used for current psychological stress assessment are summarized. Then, the future trend of development of psychological stress assessment research is pointed out. We hope that this work could do and provide further support and help to psychological stress assessment studies.
Humans ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Stress, Psychological ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban in the preven-tion of deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery. METHODS:Totally 276 patients with high risk factors after spinal surgery were randomly divided into control group and observation group. The patients in the two groups were used elastic stockings to physi-cally prevent deep venous thrombosis from the postoperative first day to continue 3 months;based on it,control group was subcuta-neously injected with 1 low molecular weight heparin from the postoperative first day,once a day. Observation group was orally treated with 1 Rivaroxaban tablet,once every night. The treatment course for 2 groups was 2 weeks. The clinic data was observed, including clinical efficacy,superficial femoral vein diameter(FSV),popliteal vein diameter(POPV),prothrombin time(PT),fi-brinogen degradation products(FIB)and D- dimer(DD)before and after treatment,incidence of deep venous thrombosis and ad-verse reactions. RESULTS:There were no significant differences in the total effective rate and deep venous thrombosis and inci-dence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). After 3 months,compared with before,there were no significant differences in the FSV and POPV between 2 groups (P>0.05);POPV in control group was significantly lower than before and observation group, there was statistical significance(P<0.05). After 1 week,compared with before,there was no significant difference in the PT be-tween 2 groups(P>0.05);the FIB and D-D were significantly higher than before,there was statistical significance(P<0.05), however,there were no significant differences between 2 groups(P>0.05);after 4 weeks,PT in 2 groups was significantly high-er than before,there was statistical significance(P<0.05),however,there were no significant differences between 2 groups(P>0.05);FIB and D-D were significantly higher than before,and observation group was lower than control group,there was statisti-cal significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Both efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban in the pre-vention of deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery are good. However,rivaroxaban is better than low molecular weight heparin in improving blood coagulation function.

Focused on the world-wide issue of improving the accuracy of emotion recognition, this paper proposes an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal feature extraction algorithm based on wavelet packet energy entropy and auto-regressive (AR) model. The auto-regressive process can be approached to EEG signal as much as possible, and provide a wealth of spectral information with few parameters. The wavelet packet entropy reflects the spectral energy distribution of the signal in each frequency band. Combination of them gives a better reflect of the energy characteristics of EEG signals. Feature extraction and fusion are implemented based on kernel principal component analysis. Six emotional states from a public multimodal database for emotion analysis using physiological signals (DEAP) are recognized. The results show that the recognition accuracy of the proposed algorithm is more than 90%, and the highest recognition accuracy is 99.33%. It indicates that this algorithm can extract the feature of EEG emotion well, and it is a kind of effective emotion feature extraction algorithm, providing support to emotion recognition.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect mechanism of Eucommia ulmoides on improving postpartum depression in rats. METHODS Pregnant rats were randomly divided into normal group， postpartum depression group， and low-dose and high-dose groups of E. ulmoides （1.34， 2.68 g/kg， calculated by crude drug）， with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， the rats in other groups suffered from fear stress to induce postpartum depression model during pregnancy； at the same time of modeling， the administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， while the normal group and postpartum depression group were given physiological saline intragastrically for 21 days. Postpartum behaviors of rats during the experiment were assessed using the open field test， Morris water maze test and sucrose preference test. Additionally， the levels of corticosterone （CORT） in serum， corticotropin releasing factor （CRF） and urocortin （UCN） in hypothalamus， and adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） in hypophysis were detected； meanwhile， the protein expressions of CRF receptor 1 （CRFR1）， CRFR2， and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 （VDAC1） in hippocampal tissue were measured； the proportions of apoptotic cells and JC-1 high potential cells in hippocampal tissue were determined， and the morphology of hippocampal tissue was observed. RESULTS Compared with postpartum depression group， the high-dose group of E. ulmoides showed improvements in appetite， mental state， and hair color in rats； their body weight had increased； the scores of vertical movement， horizontal movement and self-sorting significantly increased； from the 2ed to 4th day avoidance latency significantly shortened， and the times of crossing the platform and the time of crossing the platform Δ 基金项目国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（No.82204789） significantly increased/prolonged （P＜0.05）； the ratio of glucose and water consumption significantly increased at 20 days of pregnancy and 30 days postpartum （P＜0.05）； the levels of CRF， UCN， ACTH and CORT， phagocytic rate， protein expressions of CRFR2 and VDAC1， and the proportion of apoptosis cells in hippocampal tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）； the proportion of JC-1 high potential cells significantly increased （P＜0.05）， and the phenomenon of edema around neuronal cells was significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS E. ulmoides can improve postpartum depression by inhibiting excessive activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis， decreasing the expression of CRFR2， thereby inhibiting the expression of VDAC1， and decreasing the apoptosis of neuronal cells.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect mechanism of Eucommia ulmoides on improving postpartum depression in rats. METHODS Pregnant rats were randomly divided into normal group， postpartum depression group， and low-dose and high-dose groups of E. ulmoides （1.34， 2.68 g/kg， calculated by crude drug）， with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， the rats in other groups suffered from fear stress to induce postpartum depression model during pregnancy； at the same time of modeling， the administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， while the normal group and postpartum depression group were given physiological saline intragastrically for 21 days. Postpartum behaviors of rats during the experiment were assessed using the open field test， Morris water maze test and sucrose preference test. Additionally， the levels of corticosterone （CORT） in serum， corticotropin releasing factor （CRF） and urocortin （UCN） in hypothalamus， and adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） in hypophysis were detected； meanwhile， the protein expressions of CRF receptor 1 （CRFR1）， CRFR2， and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 （VDAC1） in hippocampal tissue were measured； the proportions of apoptotic cells and JC-1 high potential cells in hippocampal tissue were determined， and the morphology of hippocampal tissue was observed. RESULTS Compared with postpartum depression group， the high-dose group of E. ulmoides showed improvements in appetite， mental state， and hair color in rats； their body weight had increased； the scores of vertical movement， horizontal movement and self-sorting significantly increased； from the 2ed to 4th day avoidance latency significantly shortened， and the times of crossing the platform and the time of crossing the platform Δ 基金项目国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（No.82204789） significantly increased/prolonged （P＜0.05）； the ratio of glucose and water consumption significantly increased at 20 days of pregnancy and 30 days postpartum （P＜0.05）； the levels of CRF， UCN， ACTH and CORT， phagocytic rate， protein expressions of CRFR2 and VDAC1， and the proportion of apoptosis cells in hippocampal tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）； the proportion of JC-1 high potential cells significantly increased （P＜0.05）， and the phenomenon of edema around neuronal cells was significantly improved. CONCLUSIONS E. ulmoides can improve postpartum depression by inhibiting excessive activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis， decreasing the expression of CRFR2， thereby inhibiting the expression of VDAC1， and decreasing the apoptosis of neuronal cells.

OBJECTIVE To design and synthesize mono-carbonyl curcumin analogues（MCACs） and investigate the activities of them against breast cancer. METHODS The analogues F1， F2， and F3 were obtained by aldol condensation reaction， and their antitumor activities（including the activities of human breast cancer cell MCF-7 and human lung cancer cell A549） were detected by MTT assay [evaluated with half inhibitory concentration（IC50）]. The results of MTT assay were compared with those of curcumin. Bioinformatics methods were used to collect the core targets of analogues F1， F2 and F3 acting on breast cancer， and then molecular docking verification was carried out. The cell experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of high， medium and low concentrations （16， 8， 4 μmol/L） of F1， F2 and F3 on the expression of the first core target protein as well as the effects of medium concentration of F1， F2 and F3 on the expression of cleaved-caspase-3. RESULTS Compared with curcumin， IC50 of analogues F1， F2 and F3 to A549 and MCF-7 cells（except for IC50 of analogue F2 to A549 cells） were decreased significantly（P＜ 0.05 or P＜0.01）； among them， IC50 of analogue F2 to MCF-7 cell was the lowest， being（9.67±1.27） μmol/L. Bioinformatics analysis showed that index of affinity of analogues F1， F2 and F3 with the first core target epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， protein kinase B （AKT） and AKT were 5.909 2， 8.402 5 and 6.486 6， respectively； high concentration of F1 could significantly reduce the phosphorylation level of EGFR protein in MCF-7 cells（P＜0.01）， while low， medium， and high concentrations of F2 and high concentration of F3 could significantly reduce the phosphorylation level of AKT protein in MCF-7 cells（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Medium concentration of F1， F2， and F3 could significantly increase the expression level of cleaved- caspase-3 protein in MCF-7 cells（P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Designed and synthesized MCACs F1， F2 and F3 all have good anti- breast cancer activity， and F2 has better anti-breast cancer activity.

Objective·To study the effects of folic acid and active folate supplementation on red blood cell folate levels in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss(URPL)and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)677TT genotype.Methods·A total of 45 patients with MTHFR 677TT genotype and URPL in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected.They were divided into three groups according to folic acid supplementation,including 16 cases in Group A(who had not received any form of folic acid supplementation before the study began,but received active folic acid supplementation after the study began),15 cases in Group B(who had received ordinary folic acid supplementation before the study began,and active folic acid supplementation after the study began),and 14 cases in Group C(ordinary folic acid was supplemented before the start of the study,and after the start of the study,ordinary folic acid and active folic acid were supplemented together).The concentration of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate(5-MTHF)in red blood cells was measured and compared at the time of enrollment(first measurement)and after supplementation(second measurement).Results·There was no statistically significant difference in the first measurement of 5-MTHF concentrations in red blood cells between any two groups of patients in the three groups.Compared with the first measurement of 5-MTHF concentrations in red blood cells,the second increased(all P=0.000);the increase in 5-MTHF concentrations in red blood cells in Group B was higher than that in Group A(all P=0.000);the increasing 5-MTHF concentration in Group B was higher than that in Group A(1=2.373,P=0.049),but there was no significant difference between Group B and Group C.Conclusion·Compared with folic acid supplementation,active folate supplementation can better improve red blood cell folate levels in patients with MTHFR 677TT genotype and URPL in a short period.