The morphological variations and congenital malformations of the auditoryossicles are not so rare as previously considered.The congenital anomalies of themhave sometimes been documented in the periodicals of the otorhinolaryngology,buttheir variations reported are scanty and incomplete.With dissecting microscope,weobserved 588 ossicles(200 mallei,224 incudis 164 stapes)from 120 full term foe-tuses without congenital defect except one case of anencephaly.We found that theauditory ossicles vary greatly in their form,length,size,angulation,curvature orthickness,etc.Those are variations of anterior fovea of caput mallei,anteriorcurvature of manubrium mallei,form of lateral margin of manubrium mallei,formof crus breve of incus,form of crus stapedis and patterns of basis stapedis.In 240 ears,five cases of congenital malformations of ossicular chain(2.1%)were discovered and listed as follows:1.One case of congenital stapes footplate fixation,2.One case of ring form stapes detached from the basis stapedis,3.Two cases of columella stapes,4.One case of triple fusion of ossicles by osteoid tissue.Embryology of auditory ossicles available for understanding the variability anddeformity was briefly reviewed.According to our investigations we come to the conclusion that the stapesis probably the most frequently involved in the morphological variation andmalformation.

The arteries of auditory ossicles of 40 ears from 20 full term feotuses weredemonstrated by injection of liquid latex containing a small amount of Chinese inkthrough common carotid arteries.We found that the malleus and incus possess thenutrient arteries as well as the mucosal arteries,whereas the stapes gets its bloodsupply from the mucosal arteries only.The anterior tympanic artery is the principal source of blood supply of the mal-leus and the incus.It enters the middle ear through the petrotympanic fissure andramifies into five branches:malleolar artery,incudal artery,superior branch,posteriorbranch and chorda tympani branch.The malleolar and incudal arteries are nutrientarteries.The vascular network in mucosa over the manubrium mallei is supplied bythe branches of the deep auricular and stylomastoid arteries over the tympanic mem-brane.The mucosal arteries of the long crus of the incus is supplied by the smallvessels given off by incudal artery before entering the nutrient foramen,the finevessels from the arteries around the chorda tympani and the vessels passing to it fromstapes.The blood supply of the stapes is derived from the vessels located in two majorareas:one from the facial canal and the other from the promontory.The arteries tothe stapes from the promontory vascular plexus are the artery of the head of thestapes,the artery of the posterior crus and the artery of the anterior crus.The for-mer two vessels have not been reported previously.In the facial canal there are thestylomastoid artery and the superficial petrosal artery.The arterial supply of incudostapedial joint and the distal portion of the incuscomes from the vessels passing to them from the stapes rather than from the incudalsource.From above account,it would appear that the head of the malleus and thebody and short crus of the incus derived from first branchial cartilage are mainlysupplied by the anterior tympanic artery,and the remainder of the auditory ossiclesderived from second branchial cartilage are supplied by the stylomastoid artery.

AIM: To investigate the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on activation of nuclear factor ?B. METHODS: The techniques of culture of human T lymphocytes, Western blot and RT-PCR were applied. The effects of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) at different concentrations on mRNA and protein expression of I?B ? in human T lymphocytes at 30 min or 120 min after stimulating with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA-P) were observed. RESULTS: SNP at middle or high concentrations reduced the degradation of I?B ? protein 30 min after stimulating with PHA-P, and increased the re-expression of I?B ? mRNA 120 min after stimulating with PHA-P significantly. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of inhibitory effect of SNP at middle or high concentrations may be due to the decrease in degradation and the increase in re-synthesis of I?B ?. The regulatory mechanism of SNP at low concentration may not be through I?B ?.

AIM: To study the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha(HIF-1?) on lung cancer cells A549 growth in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: To observe the growth rate of A549 cells after HIF-1? transfected, A549 cells (1?10~6/mouse) were inoculated subcutaneously into 20 nude mice, which were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (group A, n=10), the HIF-1? transfected group (group B, n=10). The weights of subcutaneous tumor were detected. The resected specimens were made into paraffin-embedded sections. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was identified by immunohistochemistry(ISH). The expressions of HIF-1?? apoptosis-related protein survivin and bcl-2 were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: The growth rates of the HIF-1? transfected lung cancer cells A549 were significantly increased, and more importantly, the HIF-1? transfected lung cancer cells A549 was able to enhance lung cancer growth in nude mice(P

AIM: To investigate the effects of NF-?B decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on apoptosis in lung cancer cell A549. METHODS: The treatments of lung cancer cells (A549) were divided into three groups: group A (control group); group B (decoy ODN group) and group C (scramble decoy ODN group). FITC-labeled NF-?B decoy ODNs was transfected into A549 with LipofectAMINE TM 2000. The activation was observed by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). The proliferation was observed by growth curve. The apoptosis of cells were observed by flow cytometry and TdT mediated dUTP-biotin Nick End Labeling (TUNEL). The expression of Bcl-2 and Fas were observed by Western blot. RESULTS: After FITC-labeled decoy ODNs was transfected for 1 hour, the decoy ODNs was detected in the nuclei of A549 cells. EMSA performed the depression of the NF-?B binding to the nucleus. The growth curve showed the inhibition of the A549 cell growth and the percentage of apoptosis was increased compare with control group by flow cytometry and TUNEL. The amount of apoptosis inhibitor (Bcl-2) in group A and group C were 2.0 times and 2.1 times more than that in group B, respectively. The level of apoptosis accelerator (Fas) in group B were 2.6 times and 2.3 times more than that in group A and group C, respectively via Western blot. CONCLUSION: The NF-?B decoy ODNs accelerate the apoptosis of lung cancer cell A549 and the mechanism may be due to its inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2 and increasing the level of Fas. [

A mammalian expression plasmid pcDNA3. 1-hCC10 was constructed and identified, then CC10 protein expression in A549 lung cancer cell line was detected. A 273 bp cDNA fragment was amplified from the total RNA of normal lung tissue by using RT-PCR and cloned into expression plasmid cDNA3. 1, and the recombinant plasmid was identified by employing double digestion restriction enzymes Hind III and BamH I and the cDNA sequence was assayed by the Sanger dideoxy-mediated chain termination method. The segment was then transfected into the A549 lung cancer cell line. The protein expression of CC10 was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Our results showed that the cDNA fragment included the entire coding region (273 bp). The recombinant eukaryotic cell expression vector of pcDNA3. 1-hCC10 was successfully constructed, and the sequence of the insert was identical to the published sequence. A549 cells line transfected with the pcDNA3. 1-hCC10 expressed high level of CC10 protein. The recombinant plasmid cDNA3. 1-hCC10 may serve as an effective tool for the study of tumorogenesis and tumor treatment.
Adenocarcinoma/*metabolism ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; Lung Neoplasms/*metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics ; Transfection ; Uteroglobin/biosynthesis ; Uteroglobin/*genetics

The cases were randomly divided into 2 groups,each32 cases.The results were:for the Chinese druggroup.13 cases were markedly effective,15 Cases withrather good effect,2 cases improved.2 cases ineffec-tive.For the control group,the figures were 5,13,11,3 respectively.The total effective rate was similar forthe 2 groups,but the markedly effective rate for theformer is higher thanthe latter (P

AIM: To investigate the role of potassium channels in the regulation of intracellular free calcium concentration (_i) of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in rats. METHODS: The fluorescence Ca 2+ indicator Fura-2/AM was used to observe _i of rat PASMCs in normal and chronic hypoxic condition. The influences of potassium channels on PASMCs proliferation were assessed by MTT assay. RESULTS: 1. In normoxic condition,_i was (156.91?8.60) nmol/L,and in hypoxic condition,_i was (294.01?16.81) nmol/L. 2. In normoxic condition,the voltage-dependent K +-channel antagonist 4-aminopyridine (4AP),but not the Ca 2+ -activated K +-channel antagonist tetraethylammonium (TEA) and the ATP-sensitive K +-channel antagonist glibenclamide (Glib) increased _i. 3. In hypoxic condition,4AP and TEA caused the rise in _i [(422.41?24.28) nmol/L,(380.84?11.02) nmol/L,respectively],but Glib had no effect on _i. 4. MTT assay showed that 4AP increased the value of absorbing light degree ( A value) in normoxic and hypoxic condition (0.582?0.062,0.873?0.043,respectively, P

Objective To study whether focal adhesion kinase (FAK) promotes human pulmonary artery smooth cells (HPASMCs) proliferation.Methods Cultured HPASMCs stimulated by fibronectin (40 mg/L) were passively transfected with sense -FAK oligonucleotides(ODNs), FAK activity was measured by immunoprecipitation and expression of FAK protein was detected by Western blots.Meanwhile, the change of cell proliferation was measured by MTT and 3H-TdR absorbation experiment. Results The change of FAK activity and FAK protein content was dose and time dependent at diferential concentration and time passively transfected with sense-FAK ODNs in Cultured HPASMCs. At the same time, sense-FAK ODNs prompoted HPASMCs proliferation and 3H-TdR absorbation.Conclusion FAK can faciliate HPASMCs proliferation,which may play an important function in pulmonary artery hypertension development.

To resolve the problems of relativity translation variant and relativity rotation variant existed in the two medical images, combining the removing characteristics and rotating characteristics in image signal Fourier transform, a method of medical image registration combining with frequency domain and time domain is put forward based on the well-known Fourier property. The method decouples the estimation of rotation and translation. It determines rotation parameters based on amplitude spectrum correlation in frequency domain and estimation translation parameters based on intensity value correlation in time domain. The experimental results of nuclear medical image registration and multi-modality medical image registration show that this method is a very robust and fast registration method with high accuracy.