Objective To investigate the application value of amniotic cell culture and karyotype analysis in prenatal diagnosis . Methods 1 016 pregnant women in second trimester were subject to amniocentesis under the guidance of B-type ultrasonic inspec-tion ,and the cell culture and karyotype analysis were performed on the amniotic fluid which had been drawn out .Results Among 1 016 pregnant women ,1 011(99 .5% ) succeeded in the first operation of amniocentesis and cell culture .The detection rate of fetal chromosomal abnormal karyotype was 10 .3% (105/1 016) ,in which 8 .3% (85/1 016) of structural abnormality and 2 .0%(20/1 016) of quantity abnormality .856 cases were received follow-up .Conclusion Amniotic fluid cell culture and karyotype analy-sis is a safe and reliable method for prenatal diagnosis .

Objective To investigate the influence of L‐type Helicobacter pylori(Hp‐L) infection on invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma .Methods Carcinoma tissues and normal tissues were collected from 80 patients with gastric cancer ,and detected for Hp‐L ,matrix metalloproteinases‐9(MMP‐9) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) by using Gram staining ,immuno‐histochemistry staining and transmission electron microscope .Results Positive rate of Hp‐L in carcinoma tissues was 67 .50% , higher than the 23 .75% of normal tissues(P<0 .05) .Positive rates of MMP‐9 and VEGF of carcinoma tissues were also higher than normal tissues(P<0 .05) .Positive rates of VEGF and MMP‐9 of carcinoma tissues positive with Hp‐L were higher than carci‐noma tissues negative with Hp‐L(P<0 .05) .The positive rate of Hp‐L in carcinoma tissues was correlated with local and distant lymph node metastasis ,and invasion depth ,but not correlated with the size of tumor .Conclusion Hp‐L infection might be correla‐ted with carcinogenesis of gastric cancer ,and could also influence metastasis and invasion of gastric cancer .

Objective To explore the clinical effect of hydrochloride phenazopyridine on relieving the pain after cystoscopy. Methods 60 male patients undergoing cystoscopy were divided into observation group and control group according to the block randomization method with 30 patients in each group. 1 h after cystoscopy, the observation group was given orally hydrochloride phenazopyridine 0.2 g, 3 times a day for 0.6 g totally. The control group was not treated with oral medication for pain. The pain degree was evaluated with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and the side effects were recorded. Results There was no significant difference in NRS score immediately after cystoscopy between 2 groups (P=0.725). The NRS score was lower in the observation group than in the control group 24 h after cystoscopy (P=0.002).Conclusion Hydrochloride phenazopyridine can effectively relieve the postoperative pain of cystoscopy.

Objective To observe the effect of duration of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on coagulation, fibrinolysis and endothelial activation in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods The 45 elderly patients with cholelithiasis scheduled for LC, aged over 60 yeas, were placed in different groups respectively after surgery according to the duration of pneumoperitoneum. The duration of pneumoperitoneum was ≤60 minutes in group A (n=21),and more than 60 minutes in group B (n=24). Venous blood samples were taken on admission (baseline), at the end of surgery, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day after surgery for determination of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin fragment F1+2 (F1+2), antithrombin 3 (AT-Ⅲ activity), fibrinogen (Fib), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), D-dimer (D-D), von Willebrand factor (vWF activity). Results Concerning the coagulation activation, at the 3rd postoperative day, the level of F1+2 was significantly higher in group B than in group A [(1.60±0.26) μg/L vs. (1.32±0.24) μg/L, P＜0.05]; AT-III was significantly higher in group B than in group A [(84.82%±20.21%) vs. (97.49%±16.87%), P＜0.05]. At the 2nd and 3rd postoperative day, the levels of Fib were significantly higher in group B than in group A [(3.87±0.62) g/L vs. (3.42±0.72) g/L, (3.98±0.77) g/L vs. (3.42±0.63) g/L, respectively, P＜0.05]. Concerning fibrinolysis, But at the 2nd and 3rd postoperative day, the level of PAI-1 was significantly higher in group B than in group A [(33.93±10.42) μg/L vs. (26.69±9.49) μg/L, (32.90±11.25) μg/L vs. (26.31±7.06) μg/L respectively, P＜0.05]. Concerning endothelial activation, at the 2nd and 3rd postoperative day, vWF was significantly higher in group B than in group A [(174.53%±44.03%) vs. (134.37%±37.74%), (176.31%±47.6%) vs. (131.21%±36.34%), respectively, P＜0.05]. Conclusions Marked activations of coagulation-fibrinolysis and endothelial activation are observed postoperatively in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Along with prolonged duration of pneumoperitoneum, more pronounced alterations of increased coagulation, reduced fibrinolysis and endothelial activation are observed, which could constitute an imbalanced situation of coagulation-fibrinolysis and increases the risk of venous thrombosis.

Objective To compare the changes in blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and endothelial damage in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with different durations of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum. Methods Sixty-four ASA Ⅰ orⅡpatients, aged 23-60 yr, weighing 45-82 kg, scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the duration of pneumoperitoneum: duration of pneumoperitoneum ≤30 min group (group Ⅰ, n=21), 30 min ＜ duration of pneumoperitoneum ＜ 60 min (group Ⅱ, n=23) and duration of pneumoperitoneum≥ 60 min (group Ⅲ , n=20).The intra-abdominal pressure was maintained at 12-14 mm Hg. Venous blood samples were taken before surgery (baseline, T0 ),at the end of surgery(T1), and at 1, 2 and 3 d after surgery (T2-4) for determination of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, concentrations of prothrombin fragment 1+2(F1+2), fibrinogen (Fib), tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), and activities of antithrombin Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)and von Willebrand factor(vWF).Results Compared with groupⅠ , the vWF activity and PAI-1 concentration at T2 , concentrations of Fib, F1+2, PAI-1 and activity of vWF at T3 and concentrations of Fib and F1+2 at T4 were significantly increased, while the AT-IE activity at T3 was significantly decreased in group Ⅲ(P＜0.05) .Conclusion When the duration of pneumoperitoneum is short, no obvious changes in the blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and endothelial damage are observed postoperatively in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and along with the prolongation of the duration of pneumoperitoneum, increased blood coagulation, reduced fibrinolysisand aggravated endothelial damage are observed postoperatively.

Objective:To investigate the curative efficacy of combined use of dexamethasone palmitate,vitamin B12 and lidocaine in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and its effects on the seum levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1),matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1).Methods:84 patients with osteoarthritis of knee were selected from August 2014 to July 2015 in Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the order of admission,42 cases in each group.The observation group was given intra-articular injection of dexamethasone palmitate,vitamin B12 and lidocaine,and the control group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine.The clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment.The changes of serum IL-1,MMP-3,TIMP-1 levels and visual analogue (VAS) score were compared before and at 1 months after treatment.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05),the serum levels ofIL-1,MMP-3 levels and VAS score were significantly lower than those before treatment,serum TIMP-1 level was obviously higher than that before treatment(P ＜0.05),the serum levels of IL-1,MMP-3 levels were significantly lower in the observation group than those of the control group,while the serum TIMP-1 level was obviously higher than(P＜0.05) Conclusion:Intra-articular injection with dexamethasone palmitate,vitamin B12 and lidocaine could effectively decrease the levels of serum IL-1 and MMP-3,increase the level ofTIMP-1,and relieve the pain in the patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Objective To explore whether apply selective perineal skin preparation or not is feasible for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods Divided patients with CHD before PCI into the experimental group (801 cases) and the control group(798 cases) according to the hospital number.Selective perineal skin preparation was used in the experimental group,while the right forearm skin preparation was used in all the patients in the control group.The rate of skin preparation and the care hours in the two groups were compared.Results The care hours of skin preparation in the experimental group was (5.58±0.30) h,which was significant shorter than that in the control group,(66.50±1.50) h,t=-1127.03,P＜0.05.Conclusions Before PCI,for patients with CHD,applying selective perineal skin preparation is feasible.It can not only reduce care labor,decrease nursing costs,but also relieve nurse-patient psychological pressure,cut back patients' expenses;and without percutaneous entrance infection.

AIM: Abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease(AD), and tau protein was hyperphosphorylated in type 2 diabetes. The present study was designed to explore the phosphorylation level of tau in hippocampus of type 2 diabetes rats which interrupted by very low density lipoprotein receptor(VLDLR)gene transfection. METHODS: Wistar male rats were randomized into 3 groups. The control group(CTL)was fed with normal food. The T2DM group and T2DM mediated VLDLR gene group were on high sugar, high fat and high protein diet for 3 months. The plasma insulin level was measured by RIA method, and the plasma glucose was determined by glucose-oxidase method. Total tau level, the phosphorylation level of tau at individual phosphorylation sites and the level of VLDLR were analyzed by Western blotting. The activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β, a key component of insulin signal transduction pathway and a known tau kinase, in the hippocampus of rats was determined by using [γ-~(32)P]-ATP and the specific peptide substrate. RESULTS: No significant difference of total tau level in hippocampus between T2DM group and T2DM mediated VLDLR gene group was observed. Tau protein in T2DM group was found to be more hyperphosphorylated at several AD-related phosphorylation sites(Ser214, Thr217, Ser396, Ser422 and Ser199/202)than that in CTL, while the immunoreaction at tau-1 site is weaker than that in CTL. VLDLR gene therapy reduced hyperphosphorylation sites of Thr217, Ser396, Ser422 and Ser199/202 of tau to almost the control level, but did not change the phosphorylation of Ser214 or Ser422 on tau. The expression of Ser214 was also observed by immunohistochemical assay. The phosphorylated tau modestly increased in hippocampus in T2DM group compared to CTL, but VLDLR gene treatment did not change the phosphorylation level. The phosphorylation of GSK-3β was decreased dramatically in the hippocampus in T2DM rats, and this phosphorylation was significantly increased after VLDLR gene treatment. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that Raav mediated VLDLR gene treatment partially reverses tau hyperphosphorylation at several sites in T2DM rat hippocampus, which may mediate by inhibition of GSK-3β activity.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder primarily occurred in small joints.Our previous studies suggested that sufficient lymphatic drainage was favorable for the recovery of RA.This study aimed at exploring the effect of Er Chen combined with Tao Hong Si Wu Tang (ECSWT) on RA in TNF transgenic (TNF-Tg) mice.Ten-week old TNF-Tg mice and WT littermates were detected with indocyanine green-nearinfrared (ICG-NIR) lymphatic imaging system before and after accepting the 12-week intragastric administration of ECSWT.All ankle joints were assessed by micro-CT scanning.According to three dimensional images of Micro-CT,it was found that the ankle joints in the TNF-Tg group were much eroded compared with the control group.The bone mass and structure were protected after the treatment of ECSWT.ICG-NIR results showed that lymphatic clearance rate of the TNF-Tg group decreased compared with those of the control group.In comparison with the TNF-Tg group,ECSWT promoted the repair of lymphatic function.Compared with the control group,the pulse value of the TNF-Tg group declined;while this condition could be rescued by ERSWT.In conclusion,ECSWT mitigated bone erosion of astragalus bone area in TNF-Tg mice in contrast to the saline mice,while promoted the pulse value and clearance of lymphatic vessels afferent from footpad to popliteal lymph node,implying that ECSWT was a promising agent for treating RA through its promoting lymphatic drainage function effects.

OBJECTIVETo review the clinical features of acute toxicity of aromatic amino and nitro compounds.

METHODSA total of 110 papers reporting 1240 cases of acute toxicity induced by aromatic amino and nitro compounds from 1979 to 2013 were collected from CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang database, and were analyzed in this study.

RESULTSOf all included cases, 939 were caused by occupational exposure, and 301 were caused by exposure in daily life. A total of 1044 cases were male, and 196 were female. Age ranged from 9 days to 75 years. There were 13 cases of contact reaction. The numbers of mild, moderate, and severe toxicities were 358, 348, and 139, respectively, and the other 382 cases were not graded for severity. The average incubation period was 4.50±5.71 h (M = 3 h). The average incubation period of aniline toxicity was significantly shorter than that of nitrobenzene toxicity. Methemoglobinemia was found in 1146 cases, while cases of poisonings with 5-nitro-o-toluidine, 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline, and 3-chloro-2-methyl aniline were not found to have methemoglobinemia. The detection rates of MHb and HzB were 83.73% (674/805) and 40.19% (129/321), respectively. Sixty-two (19.31%) out of 321 cases were complicated by intravascular hemolysis, 270 (30.93%) out of 873 cases suffered hepatic impairment, 50 (12.25%) out of 408 cases were accompanied by renal damage. Consciousness disorders were found in 66 cases, and chemical cystitis was found in 36 cases. Oral poisoning could immediately induce severe symptoms including cyanosis, unconsciousness, and hemolysis. In prognosis analysis, it was found that the cure rate was 98.71% (1224/1240), and 14 cases of death were caused by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, renal failure, uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. Two cases were left with neurological sequelae.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical manifestations of poisoning with aromatic amino and nitro compounds are methemoglobinemia, intravascular hemolysis, liver damage, and renal damage. Treatment with specific medicine methylene blue can produce ideal clinical prognosis, but severe poisoning may cause death from multiple organ failure.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Benzene Derivatives ; poisoning ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitro Compounds ; poisoning ; Young Adult