Objective:To study the effects of the conditioned medium (CM) from human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 on the viability and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the role of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in the process. Methods:HUVECs were cultured with CM of A549 cells. Cell viability was detected by XTT assay. The morphological changes of HUVECs were analyzed by Hoechst 33258 staining and fluorescence microscopy. The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Expression levels of total Akt and phosphorylated Akt were assessed by Western blotting. PI3K inhibitors wortmannin(WT)and Akt1 siRNA(siAkt1)were used to block PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The mRNA transcription of Akt subtype was determined by RT-PCR.Results:A549 CM significantly increased cell viability after 24 h treatment (P=0.037) and inhibited apoptosis (P=0.001) of HUVECs. CM time-dependently activated phosphorylation of Akt. Akt was phosphorylated at 15 min after CM treatment and reached the peak at 30 min and then tended to decline. Both WT and siAkt1 blocked the effects of CM. Conclusion:The CM of A549 cells increased the survival and inhibit the apoptosis of HUVECs. Akt1 played a significant role in the process.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of the Chinese medical herb decoction qu yin tang combined with narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy on psoriasis vulgaris, and to investigate its influ-ence on osteopontin (OPN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum. Methods Sixty patients with psoriasis were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group was treated with qu yin tang and NB-UVB; the control group was treated with qu yin tang only. The levels of OPN and VEGF in serum were detected in both groups before and after treatment using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Twenty healthy persons' serum samples were taken as controls. At the same time, any changes in psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores in the two groups were recorded and compared. Results After 8 weeks of treatment, PASI scores and levels of OPN and VEGF had been reduced significantly in both groups, and there was a significant difference between the treatment group and the control group. Conclusions Chinese medical herbs combined with NB-UVB phototherapy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of psoriasis. The results suggested that OPN and VEGF may play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoirasis vulgaris.

Objective To investigate the effect of transplantation of allogeneic bone marrow hematopoietic cells(HCs)and mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)on experimental colitis(EC)in rats.Methods The HCs and MSCs obtained from SD male rats were cultured and expanded in vitro.In experiment 1 and 2 groups,HCs were labeled with bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)and MSCs were obtained using the tube wall attach technique,respectively.Seventy-two female rats were infused with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)to induce EC models.After 24 hours,HC or MSC suspensions were injected into the rats in experimental 1(n=18)and 2(n=18)groups via caudal veins,respectively.Control animals were injected with isotonic saline.The whole colon was removed on day 7,14 and 21 after transplantation and examined histopathologically.BrdU labeled HCs were tested with immunohistochemical staining and MSCs were detected for sex-determining gene(sry)by PCR.Results EC models were successfully established.The HCs or MSCs grew rapidly in the culture suspension.On day 7,14 and 21 after transplantation,the BrdU immunoreactive cells were detected in the colon(6/6),and the positive expression of the sry gene was found in 1/6,2/6 and 3/6,respectively.No positive labeled cell was found in controls.There was no significant improvement in histopathological scores on the colon in two experimental groups compared with the controls.Conclusions Allogeneic HCs and MSCs may localize in the colon of EC models.The ability of localization is higher in HCs than MSCs.The transplantation of HCs and MSCs can not obviously improve histopathologically.

Objective To investigate the effects of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) on the myocardial cells of mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with hyperuricemia (HUA), and clarify the mechanism thereof. Methods The mouse cardiac myocytes (MCM) cultured with 25mmol/L high glucose (HG) medium were divided into two groups: HG plus 300μmol/L sodium palmitate for 18 hours as high glucose and high fat (HG+HF) group, and HG+HF plus 1500μmol/L uric acid (UA) for 18 hours as HG+HF+HUA group. Then the myocardial cells in HG+HF+HUA group, by use or not use UCP2 inhibitor genipin, were further divided into two groups: vehicle group and genipin group. In order to verify the mechanism of UCP2 in myocardial cells injury caused by high glucose, high lipid and high uric acid, the myocardial cells were divided again into genipin group and genipin+N-acetylcysteine (NAC) group. Accordingly, the apoptosis of myocardial cells were measured by flow cytometry at specific time, the mRNA and protein expressions of UCP2 were determined by q-PCR and Western blotting, and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by DHE staining and ELISA. Results The apoptosis rate of myocardial cells increased obviously, and the expression levels of UCP2 decreased and of ROS elevated significantly in HG+HF+HUA group than in HG+HF group (P<0.05). As the expression levels of UCP2 decreased by genipin intervention, the apoptosis rate of myocardial cells and ROS level in HG+HF+HUA group increased more obviously (P<0.05). In contrast, such an effect was reversed by the application of antioxidants NAC (P<0.05). Conclusion UCP2 can inhibit oxidative stress and alleviate the apoptosis of myocardial cells induced by high glucose, high fat and high uric acid.

Objective To investigate the effects of different tidal volume ventilation on acute lung injury in rats. Methods Thlrty-two normal Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:control group,low tidal volume group(L- V_T),conventional tidal volume group(C-V_T)and high tidal volume group(H-V_T).The pathologic changes of the lungs were observed under macrography,light and electron microscope.The blood gas analysis(PaO_2),the counts of neutrophils (PMN),the levels of protein and the myloperoxidase(MPO)activities in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were measured by biochemical methods respectively.Results There were no distinct pathological differences between L-V_T group and control group under macrography,light and electron microscope.In the C-V_T and H-V_T groups,there were different degree of lung injuries under light and electron microscope,their PMN,MPO activity and protein level in BALF were significantly higher than those of control and L-V_T groups and their PaO_2 were significantly lower than those of control and L- V_T groups(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).The MPO activity and the protein level in BALF were also significantly higher than those of C-VT group(P＜0.01)Of the above indexes,there were no statistical differences between L-V_T group and control group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Conventional tidal volume ventilation alone,without any lung-protective strategy, could produce injuries to the normal lung tissues,while low tidal volume ventilation hadn't effects on them.The injury effects produced by mechanical ventilation was closely related to the recruitment and activation of neutrephils in the lung.

Objective To investigate the effects of three-dimensional titanium mesh repair on cerebral perfusion,intracranial pressure and nerve function after decompression with bone flap.Methods From October 2015 to October 2018,132 hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients of bone disc decompression in the Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan were selected and divided into observation group (66 cases) and control group(66 cases) by double blind random method.The observation group received three-dimensional titanium mesh repair at 24 ～ 42 d after bone disc decompression surgery.The control group received three-dimensional titanium mesh repair at 90 ～ 150 d(3 ～ 5 months) after surgery.The changes of operation,cerebral perfusion,intracranial pressure and nerve function were compared between the two groups.Results The operative time,blood loss and free time of the flap in the observation group were (92.5 ± 12.4) min,(354.3 ± 17.5) mL and (13.2 ± 3.1) min,respectively,which were shorter or less than those in the control group [(142.8 ± 15.3) min,(518.3 ± 22.3) mL and (38.3 ± 4.3) min],the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=4.745,6.831,4.963,all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the abnormal indices of intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion in the observation group were (0.1 ±0.0) and(0.2 ± 0.1),respectively,which were lower than those in the control group [(0.2 ± 0.1),(0.3 ± 0.1)] (t =3.657,2.579,all P ＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in neurological deficit scores between the two groups at different time points(all P ＜0.05).The incidence of treatment complications in the observation group was 10.94％ (7/64),which was significantly lower than that in the control group [38.7％ (24/62)] (x2 =14.094,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Three-dimensional titanium mesh repair is helpful to shorten the operation time,restore the intracranial pressure on the affected side,improve the abnormal cerebral perfusion,and reduce the neurological damage in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.

To investigate the effect of the Ginkgo Biloba Extract (GBE) on the asthma and examine its possible mechanisms, 75 asthma patients were divided into 4 groups and the patients were respectively treated with fluticasone propionate for 2 weeks or 4 weeks, or treated with fluticasone propionate plus GBE for 2 weeks or 4 weeks. Fifteen healthy volunteers served as healthy controls. Sputum inhalation with inhaling hypertonic saline (4%-5%) was performed. Lung ventilatory function and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured. The numbers of different cells in induced sputum were calculated. The expression of PKCα in the cells was immunocytochemically detected and the percentages of positive cells in different cells were counted. Interleukin-5 (IL-5) in sputum supernatants was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The percentage of eosinophils, lymphocytes, PKCα positive inflammatory cells and the concentration of IL-5 in asthmatic patients were higher than those in the controls (P＜0.05), and the eosinophils, lymphocytes,positive expression of PKCα and the level of IL-5 were significantly decreased in asthmatic patients after they were treated with fluticasone propionate or fluticasone propionate plus GBE. However,they were still significantly higher than those of the controls. Compared to the group treated with glucocorticosteroid for 2 weeks, no significant decrease was found in the percentage of eosinophils,lymphocytes, PKCα positive inflammatory cells and the IL-5 in the supernatant of induced sputum.Compared with the group treated with glucocorticosteroid for 2 or 4 weeks, significant decrease in the same parameters was observed in the group treated with fluticasone propionate and GBE for 4 weeks. The IL-5 level in the supernatant of induced sputum was positively correlated with the percentage of PKCα-positive inflammatory cells and the percentage of eosinophils in the induced sputum in asthma patient groups respectively (n=150, r= 0.83, P＜0.01; n=150, r=0.76, P＜0.01). The FEV1 was negatively correlated with the percentage of PKCα-positive inflammatory cells and the IL-5 levels in supernatant of induced sputum in asthma patients respectively (n=150, r=-0.77,P＜0.01; n=150, r= -0.64, P＜0.01). It is concluded that GBE could significantly decrease the infiltration of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils and lymphocytes in the asthmatic airway and relieve the airway inflammation. GBE may decrease the activation of the PKCα in the inflammatory cells and thereby decrease the IL-5 level in induced sputum. GBE may be used as a complement to the glucocorticosteroid therapy for asthma.

Whether inhibiting the activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κB potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cell line A549 cells was investigated. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/IκBα expressing IκBα was constructed. The in vitro cultured A549 cells were trans-fected with pcDNA3.1(+)/IκBα alone, or pcDNA3.1(+)/IκBα combined with cisplatin. The mitochondrial membrane potential (△ψm) was determined by rhodamine 123, the activity of caspase-3 was tested by colorimetric assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with the annexin V/propidium iodide assay. The results showed that the activity of NF-κB in A549 cells was inhibited by transfecting pcDNA3.1(+)/IκBα. Transfection of pcDNA3.1(+)/IκBα alone did not promote apoptosis. Treatment of cisplatin alone had a little effect on cell apoptosis. Transfection of pcDNA3.1(+)/IκBα combined with cisplatin treatment significantly induced apoptosis of A549 cells. It was concluded that inhibiting the activity of NF-κB potentiated cisplatin-induced apoptosis of A549 cells.

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively analyze the clinicopathology of patients with gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor(gGIST) who underwent radical excision within 18 years in 10 domestic medical centers in order to understand the status of domestic surgical treatment of gGIST.

METHODSClinicopathological data of gGIST patients undergoing radical excision in 10 medical centers from January 1998 to January 2016 were collected, and their operational conditions, postoperative adjuvant therapy, gene detection and survival were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSA total of 1 846 cases were recruited in this study, including 246 cases from Guangdong General Hospital, 331 cases from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 374 cases from Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 342 cases from Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, 265 cases from Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 148 cases from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 49 cases from West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 43 cases from Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 28 cases from the 81st Hospital of Pepole's Liberation Army(PLA), 20 cases from Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute. There were 918 male (49.7%) and 928 female patients (50.3%) with median onset age of 59(18 to 95) years old. Fundus(735 cases, 39.8%) and body (781 cases, 42.3%) of stomach were the common sites of lesions. The average size of tumor was (5.3±4.6) cm. There were 1 421 cases with mitotic count ≤5(77.0%). According to the operation procedure, 924 cases (50.1%) underwent laparoscopic surgery, 759 cases (41.1%) laparotomy, 120 cases (6.5%) endoscopic surgery, and 20 cases (1.1%) laparoscopic combined with endoscopic surgery, 6 cases (0.3%) laparoscopic excision surgery through gastric wall and cavity, and 17 cases (0.9%) laparoscopy and then were transferred to laparotomy. Wedge excision were performed in 1 308 cases (70.9%), proximal gastric excision in 226 cases(12.2%), distal gastric excision in 92 cases (5.0%), total gastrectomy in 94 cases (5.1%), and local gastrectomy in 126 cases(6.8%). Multi-visceral excision was performed in 138 cases, and the splenectomy was performed in 83 cases(60.1%)with the highest ratio. According to modified NIH classification, 399 cases(21.6%) were extreme low risk, 580 cases(31.4%) were low risk, 424 cases(23.0%) were moderate risk, 443 cases (24.0%) were high risk. A total of 461 cases received postoperative imatinib adjuvant therapy, accounting for 53.2%(461/867) of patients with moderate and high risk. Among 1 846 cases, 1 402 cases (75.9%) had complete follow-up data and the median follow-up time was 33.6 (0.1 to 158) months. The 5-year survival rates of extreme low risk, low risk, moderate risk and high risk were 100%, 98.5%, 92.5%, and 79.2% with significant difference(P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONSGastric GIST occurs mostly in fundus and body of stomach in China. Wedge excision is the main operational procedure and laparoscopic operation is over 50%. General prognosis of gastric GIST is quite good.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; China ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; therapeutic use ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Splenectomy ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult