Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sternoclavicular Joint ; injuries ; surgery

A total of 123 type 2 diabetics was randomised into 3 groups to receive gliclazide-MR, gliclazide or glibenclamide treatments for 16 weeks.All the subjects took self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) during the trial.The effect of therapy was similar in 3 groups.The subtraction value between maximum and minimum blood glucose, mean postprandial maximum blood glucose, postprandial 2 h blood glucose, postprandial 2 h serum insulin and hypoglycaemia events were lower in gliclazide-MR group than those in glibenclamide group (all P＜0.01).The data suggest that SMBG is an useful method to evaluate blood glucose excursion.

Objective To summarize the current research status and cutting-edge trends of the off-label drug use in China,with a view to providing reference for researchers in this field.Methods CNKI and SinoMed databases were searched to collect research of the off-label drug use in China,and used Microsoft Excel 2021,the R software Bibliometric,and VOSviewer 1.6.18 to visualize the time and trend of publication,province,issuing authors and units,journals,keywords,and topic evolution of the included studies.Results 1 475 papers were included in the research.A total of 2 808 authors from 31 provinces,cities and regions had conducted relevant studies on over-the-counter medication,with an overall increasing trend in the number of publications.Among them,Guangdong province published the most studies related to this field,the Straits Pharmacy Journal and China Pharmacy published the most studies in this field.Proprietary Chinese medicines,antimicrobials,antitumor drugs,and other drugs were the research hotspots.In addition,the patients in pediatrics,outpatient emergency,obstetrics and gynecology,psychiatry and other departments as a special sick population,the clinical use of medication exists in the overspecification situation was also a future research trend.Conclusion At present,research in this field focuses more on OLDU for special populations,special diseases,special drugs,etc.In the future,researchers should conduct evidence-based evaluation of drugs on the basis of more high-quality evidence in order to seek the best evidence for guiding the clinical use of medication.At the same time,drug administration and medical institutions should also develop standardized management policies and systems to promote the rational and safe use of medication in healthcare institutions.

Integrating evidence from animal experiments is a critical component of biomedical research, providing essential prior information for in-depth investigations of disease mechanisms and new drug development. Animal models have played an irreplaceable role in simulating human diseases. However, the integration of evidence from animal experiments has faced numerous challenges, including insufficient emphasis, significant heterogeneity in study designs, high publication bias, and discrepancies with clinical research practices. This paper first identifies existing issues in the original research evidence from animal experiments, such as the selection and applicability of animal models, considerations in the design of experimental studies, and factors influencing the translation of animal experimental evidence. It then discusses various methods for integrating this evidence, including systematic review and meta-analysis, overview of systematic review/umbrella review, scoping review, and evidence mapping, while highlighting recent advancements in their application. Finally, the paper addresses the main challenges currently encountered in the integration of evidence from animal experiments and proposes targeted improvement strategies aimed at enhancing the efficiency of translating research outcomes into clinical practice and promoting the advancement of evidence-based medicine. By continuously optimizing original experimental research protocols and evidence integration practices, this work aims to establish a more efficient and scientific environment for the synthesis of evidence from animal experiments, ultimately contributing to clinical trials and human health.

Animal experiments are essential tools in biomedical research, serving as a bridge between basic research and clinical trials. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) of animal experiments are crucial methods for integrating evidence from animal experiment, which can facilitate the translation of findings into clinical research, reduce translational risks, and promote resource integration in basic research. With the continuous development of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology, its application in SRs/MAs of animal experiments has gained increasing attention. This article first outlines the principles and specific applications of the GRADE methodology in SRs/MAs of animal experiments, including qualitative descriptive systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and network meta-analyses. It then deeply analyzes the misuse of the GRADE methodology in practice, including incorrect evidence grading, improper classification of evidence, misapplication in qualitative systematic reviews, inconsistencies between the documentation of the upgrading and downgrading process and results, and inappropriate use for making recommendations. Furthermore, this article comprehensively discusses the factors influencing the grading of evidence certainty in SRs/MAs of animal experiments, including the impact of bias risk, indirectness, inconsistency, imprecision, and publication bias on evidence downgrading, as well as the role of large effect sizes and cross-species consistency in evidence upgrading. Finally, in response to the issues discussed, improvement strategies are proposed, including further research and optimization of the GRADE methodology for SRs/MAs of animal experiments, the development of reporting guidelines tailored to the characteristics of SRs/MAs in animal experiment research, and enhanced professional training for researchers in the GRADE methodology. This article aims to improve the quality of evidence in SRs/MAs of animal experiments, strengthen their reliability in clinical decision-making, and promote the more efficient translation of findings from animal experiment research into clinical practice.

Objective To explore the effect of Tuina combined with treadmill training on nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve transection. Methods Ninty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=32), model group (n=32) and treatment group (n=32). The sciatic nerve was transected and the epineurium was sutured in the latter two groups. The treatment group was given Tuina manipulation and treadmill training once a day. Eight rats from each group were detected their sciatic nerve conduction velocity (NCV), the number of axons and Schwann cells (SCs) two, three, four and eight weeks after intervention. Results Compared with the model group, the NCV accelerated in the treatment group four and eight weeks after intervention (P<0.05); while the number of axons was significantly different two and four weeks after intervention (P<0.05), and the number of SCs was not very different between the treatment group and the model group after intervention (P>0.05). Conclusion Tuina combined with treadmill training may promote the regeneration of peripheral nerve after injury in rats.