In this review, the concept and idea of chemical modeling and model population analysis ( MPA) were introduced, and the recent applications of MPA-based methods to different aspects of chemical modeling were listed, including outlier detection, variable selection, model evaluation and applicability domain. In addition, the feasibility and applicability of MPA to different kinds of dataset was illustrated, such as near infrared spectroscopy, quantitative structure-activity relationship and metabolomics, which provided a better idea and framework to develop a new algorithm in chemical modeling.

Objective:To explore the application value of scenario simulation teaching combined with two-way evaluation in standardized training of pediatric nursing.Methods:A total of 34 trainees who received standardized training of pediatric nursing in The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from March 2018 to March 2019 were selected as the control group, and another 42 trainees from April 2019 to July 2020 were selected as the study group. The control group used traditional teaching, and the study group used scenario simulation teaching combined with two-way evaluation. Theoretical examination and scenario simulation exercise examination were used to assess the theoretical knowledge and clinical practice ability of the trainees, and questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the satisfaction of the trainees with the teaching effect. SPSS 22.0 was used for t-test. Results:The scores of theoretical examination[(95.12±6.24) vs. (91.05±5.12)] and scenario simulation exercise examination (nursing practice skill operation ability, ability to combine theory and practice, clinical thinking and judgment ability, emergency handling ability, communication ability, humanistic care and professional learning ability, and work attitude) of the trainees in the study group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The satisfaction evaluation of the trainees in the study group with the teaching effect was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). Conclusion:Scenario simulation teaching combined with two-way evaluation can improve the theoretical knowledge, clinical practice ability, and teaching satisfaction of pediatric nursing trainees.

Objective:To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the nose, simulate and analyze the deformation of nasal tissue caused by different focal points, traction directions, and modes, provide the theoretical basis for the effectiveness of physical traction therapy, and guide the clinical selection of more efficient physical traction therapy methods.Methods:A finite element model of the nose was established by ANSYS Workbench 19.2 software based on image data obtained from CT scans of a 29-year-old male volunteer with normal nasal appearance in Peking University Third Hospital. Two focal points, the nasal tip, and the nasal columella, were selected, and three force directions, parallel to the forward, forward and down 30°, forward and down 60°, were applied. The deformation caused by different traction conditions on the skin, lining, and soft bone parts, as well as the four anatomical landmarks of the nasal tip, nasal root, the midpoint of the nasal columella, and the nasal base, were compared. The deformation produced by 10 minutes of continuous pulling and 10 times 1-minute pulse pulling were compared under the same pulling conditions. The deformations generated by two types of pulling modes within a 24-hour cycle: a single 1-hour cycle and 6 intermittent 10-minute cycles, were compared.Results:All traction conditions resulted in deformation of the nasal model, with the maximum deformation of the nasal tissue obtained by pulling forward and downward at 60° (4.632 9 mm) which was greater than other traction conditions (0.825 0-3.105 0 mm). The maximum deformation value was located near the nasion of the model’s skin layer. The deformation obtained by 10 minutes of continuous pulling (0.176 6 mm) was slightly greater than that obtained by 10 times of 1-minute pulse pulling (0.176 5 mm). Within 24 hours, the final deformation of multiple intermittent pulling modes (0.019 0 mm) was greater than that of a single pulling mode (0.004 3 mm).Conclusion:Physical traction can effectively deform the skin and soft tissue of the nose, and the most efficient operation is to continuously pinch the tip of the nose for a short period and apply tension parallel to the back of the nose downwards, repeating every a few hours.

Objective To cultivate and breed laboratory cats in conventional laboratory animal facilities,collect background data on laboratory cats,and compare them with purchased domestic cats to assess the feasibility of breeding laboratory cats.Methods Indigenous cat breeds were introduced for reproduction and population expansion under conventional laboratory environment,with recording of kitten survival rates and growth curves.Indicators of 20 laboratory cats of F1 generation(half male and half female),including complete blood count,blood biochemistry,organ mass,organ coefficient,heart rate,and blood pressure,were detected and comparisons between sexes were made.Blood pressure values and sensitivity to histamine of these cats were measured using depressor substance detection method in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China-Four Parts:2020,and were compared with the data from 173 concurrently purchased domestic cats.Results Laboratory cats adapted well to the environment of conventional laboratory facilities,with a survival rate of 77.08％of kittens at 8 weeks of age.Red blood cell count,hemoglobin content,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,and hematocrit in male laboratory cats were significantly higher than those in females(P＜0.01),while the mean corpuscular volume in males was significantly lower than that in females(P＜0.01).The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase,total bilirubin,creatinine,triacylglycerol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in male laboratory cats were significantly higher than those in females(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while cholesterol,globulin,total protein,and the albumin-globulin ratio were significantly lower in males(P＜0.01).The liver coefficient in male laboratory cats was significantly lower than that in female cats(P＜0.05),while the kidney coefficient was significantly higher(P＜0.05).The spleen-brain and kidney-brain ratios were significantly higher in males compared to females(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).No significant differences were found in heart rate,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,mean blood pressure,or sensitivity to histamine between male and female laboratory cats(P＞0.05).Compared to laboratory cats,purchased domestic cats had significantly higher heart rate,systolic pressure,and mean blood pressure(P＜0.01),and the magnitude of blood pressure changes induced by medium and high doses of histamine was significantly reduced(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion It is feasible to breed laboratory cats in conventional laboratory animal facilities.The accuracy of experimental results can be improved by using laboratory cats with clear and standardized background data.

Objective:To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the nose, simulate and analyze the deformation of nasal tissue caused by different focal points, traction directions, and modes, provide the theoretical basis for the effectiveness of physical traction therapy, and guide the clinical selection of more efficient physical traction therapy methods.Methods:A finite element model of the nose was established by ANSYS Workbench 19.2 software based on image data obtained from CT scans of a 29-year-old male volunteer with normal nasal appearance in Peking University Third Hospital. Two focal points, the nasal tip, and the nasal columella, were selected, and three force directions, parallel to the forward, forward and down 30°, forward and down 60°, were applied. The deformation caused by different traction conditions on the skin, lining, and soft bone parts, as well as the four anatomical landmarks of the nasal tip, nasal root, the midpoint of the nasal columella, and the nasal base, were compared. The deformation produced by 10 minutes of continuous pulling and 10 times 1-minute pulse pulling were compared under the same pulling conditions. The deformations generated by two types of pulling modes within a 24-hour cycle: a single 1-hour cycle and 6 intermittent 10-minute cycles, were compared.Results:All traction conditions resulted in deformation of the nasal model, with the maximum deformation of the nasal tissue obtained by pulling forward and downward at 60° (4.632 9 mm) which was greater than other traction conditions (0.825 0-3.105 0 mm). The maximum deformation value was located near the nasion of the model’s skin layer. The deformation obtained by 10 minutes of continuous pulling (0.176 6 mm) was slightly greater than that obtained by 10 times of 1-minute pulse pulling (0.176 5 mm). Within 24 hours, the final deformation of multiple intermittent pulling modes (0.019 0 mm) was greater than that of a single pulling mode (0.004 3 mm).Conclusion:Physical traction can effectively deform the skin and soft tissue of the nose, and the most efficient operation is to continuously pinch the tip of the nose for a short period and apply tension parallel to the back of the nose downwards, repeating every a few hours.

Objective To explore the differences of bone age of radius,ulna,metacarpophalangeal and carpal bones in children with different physiques.Methods Radiographs of children's wrists aged between 4 and 12 years were collected.The bone age of radius,ulna,metacarpophalangeal,and carpal bones were assessed using the Chinese Children's Bone Age Score,and the difference between the two bone ages(the former minus the latter)was recorded.According to gender,age,and physical grouping,the physical group was divided into normal and abnormal groups.The abnormal group was further divided into thin,overweight,and obese groups.A comparative analysis was conducted to determine the differences in bone age between normal and abnormal groups for both males and females at all ages.Results A total of 3 028 children were included,and the differences between the two bone age results for normal boys aged 7-12 years and normal girls aged 5-12 years were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).In boys,there was no significant difference in bone age between the normal group and the thin group(P＞0.05),the difference in bone age between the normal and thin groups at the age of 5-6 years was greater than that between the overweight and obese groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05),the difference in bone age between the normal group at 11-12 years and the thin group at 11 years was smaller than that between the overweight and obese groups(P＜0.05).The difference in bone age was smaller in the normal group than in the thin group at 6 years of age for girls(P＜0.05),and larger in the thin group than in the overweight and obese groups at 5 to 6 years old(P＜0.05).Conclusion The difference in bone age between the TW-C RUS series and TW-C C series bone age values is influenced by the child's gender,physique,and age.The difference in bone age between the majority of normal children and the thin group is not statistically significant,but differed from the overweight and obese groups at some ages,most are the overweight and obese boys.