Corrosive injuries to the upper gastrointestinal tract, particularly those caused by alkaline substances, often result in more severe and deeper tissue injuries than those observed after ingestion of acidic substances. We report a case of severe corrosive injury following ingestion of chlorine bleach (200 mL), an alkaline agent. Initial endoscopic evaluation revealed severe esophageal and gastric injuries with necrosis (Zargar grade 3b), without any signs of perforation. The treatment plan included prolonged fasting with total parenteral nutrition, and enteral feeding was initiated via jejunostomy 1 month after hospitalization. The patient was hospitalized and discharged on several occasions until we observed complete healing of the esophagus and stomach. Follow-up endoscopy performed 4 months after the injury showed improvement in the esophageal wall; however, severe stenosis prevented oral intake. Therefore, the patient underwent surgical intervention, including esophagectomy, total gastrectomy, and esophagocolojejunostomy, 7 months post-injury. Since the initial surgery, the patient underwent repeat wound revision procedures, percutaneous drainage, reconstruction, and bougienation owing to anastomotic leakage, infection, and stenosis for approximately a year. The patient received oral and jejunostomy tube feeding for approximately 2.5 years after the initial injury. Early endoscopy was useful to confirm the severity and predict the prognosis of corrosive injuries in this case. Severe corrosive injuries following ingestion of alkaline substances are associated with poor clinical prognosis, as anticipated. Caution is warranted for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Corrosive injuries to the upper gastrointestinal tract, particularly those caused by alkaline substances, often result in more severe and deeper tissue injuries than those observed after ingestion of acidic substances. We report a case of severe corrosive injury following ingestion of chlorine bleach (200 mL), an alkaline agent. Initial endoscopic evaluation revealed severe esophageal and gastric injuries with necrosis (Zargar grade 3b), without any signs of perforation. The treatment plan included prolonged fasting with total parenteral nutrition, and enteral feeding was initiated via jejunostomy 1 month after hospitalization. The patient was hospitalized and discharged on several occasions until we observed complete healing of the esophagus and stomach. Follow-up endoscopy performed 4 months after the injury showed improvement in the esophageal wall; however, severe stenosis prevented oral intake. Therefore, the patient underwent surgical intervention, including esophagectomy, total gastrectomy, and esophagocolojejunostomy, 7 months post-injury. Since the initial surgery, the patient underwent repeat wound revision procedures, percutaneous drainage, reconstruction, and bougienation owing to anastomotic leakage, infection, and stenosis for approximately a year. The patient received oral and jejunostomy tube feeding for approximately 2.5 years after the initial injury. Early endoscopy was useful to confirm the severity and predict the prognosis of corrosive injuries in this case. Severe corrosive injuries following ingestion of alkaline substances are associated with poor clinical prognosis, as anticipated. Caution is warranted for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Corrosive injuries to the upper gastrointestinal tract, particularly those caused by alkaline substances, often result in more severe and deeper tissue injuries than those observed after ingestion of acidic substances. We report a case of severe corrosive injury following ingestion of chlorine bleach (200 mL), an alkaline agent. Initial endoscopic evaluation revealed severe esophageal and gastric injuries with necrosis (Zargar grade 3b), without any signs of perforation. The treatment plan included prolonged fasting with total parenteral nutrition, and enteral feeding was initiated via jejunostomy 1 month after hospitalization. The patient was hospitalized and discharged on several occasions until we observed complete healing of the esophagus and stomach. Follow-up endoscopy performed 4 months after the injury showed improvement in the esophageal wall; however, severe stenosis prevented oral intake. Therefore, the patient underwent surgical intervention, including esophagectomy, total gastrectomy, and esophagocolojejunostomy, 7 months post-injury. Since the initial surgery, the patient underwent repeat wound revision procedures, percutaneous drainage, reconstruction, and bougienation owing to anastomotic leakage, infection, and stenosis for approximately a year. The patient received oral and jejunostomy tube feeding for approximately 2.5 years after the initial injury. Early endoscopy was useful to confirm the severity and predict the prognosis of corrosive injuries in this case. Severe corrosive injuries following ingestion of alkaline substances are associated with poor clinical prognosis, as anticipated. Caution is warranted for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Corrosive injuries to the upper gastrointestinal tract, particularly those caused by alkaline substances, often result in more severe and deeper tissue injuries than those observed after ingestion of acidic substances. We report a case of severe corrosive injury following ingestion of chlorine bleach (200 mL), an alkaline agent. Initial endoscopic evaluation revealed severe esophageal and gastric injuries with necrosis (Zargar grade 3b), without any signs of perforation. The treatment plan included prolonged fasting with total parenteral nutrition, and enteral feeding was initiated via jejunostomy 1 month after hospitalization. The patient was hospitalized and discharged on several occasions until we observed complete healing of the esophagus and stomach. Follow-up endoscopy performed 4 months after the injury showed improvement in the esophageal wall; however, severe stenosis prevented oral intake. Therefore, the patient underwent surgical intervention, including esophagectomy, total gastrectomy, and esophagocolojejunostomy, 7 months post-injury. Since the initial surgery, the patient underwent repeat wound revision procedures, percutaneous drainage, reconstruction, and bougienation owing to anastomotic leakage, infection, and stenosis for approximately a year. The patient received oral and jejunostomy tube feeding for approximately 2.5 years after the initial injury. Early endoscopy was useful to confirm the severity and predict the prognosis of corrosive injuries in this case. Severe corrosive injuries following ingestion of alkaline substances are associated with poor clinical prognosis, as anticipated. Caution is warranted for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Corrosive injuries to the upper gastrointestinal tract, particularly those caused by alkaline substances, often result in more severe and deeper tissue injuries than those observed after ingestion of acidic substances. We report a case of severe corrosive injury following ingestion of chlorine bleach (200 mL), an alkaline agent. Initial endoscopic evaluation revealed severe esophageal and gastric injuries with necrosis (Zargar grade 3b), without any signs of perforation. The treatment plan included prolonged fasting with total parenteral nutrition, and enteral feeding was initiated via jejunostomy 1 month after hospitalization. The patient was hospitalized and discharged on several occasions until we observed complete healing of the esophagus and stomach. Follow-up endoscopy performed 4 months after the injury showed improvement in the esophageal wall; however, severe stenosis prevented oral intake. Therefore, the patient underwent surgical intervention, including esophagectomy, total gastrectomy, and esophagocolojejunostomy, 7 months post-injury. Since the initial surgery, the patient underwent repeat wound revision procedures, percutaneous drainage, reconstruction, and bougienation owing to anastomotic leakage, infection, and stenosis for approximately a year. The patient received oral and jejunostomy tube feeding for approximately 2.5 years after the initial injury. Early endoscopy was useful to confirm the severity and predict the prognosis of corrosive injuries in this case. Severe corrosive injuries following ingestion of alkaline substances are associated with poor clinical prognosis, as anticipated. Caution is warranted for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Objectives: Gastric cancer (GC) demonstrates a sex disparity that may also be associated with body mass index (BMI). This study explored whether the effect of BMI on the risk of GC varies by sex. Methods: The study cohort included 341,999 Koreans aged 40 years or older from the National Health Insurance Service–Health Screening Cohort, with a median follow-up period of 10 years. Participants were categorized into five groups based on their BMI. The effect of BMI was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard regression. Additionally, stratification analysis was performed according to waist circumference. Results: An increased risk of developing GC was observed across the study population among those with obesity (BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 ; hazard ratio [HR], 1.11; 95% CI , 1.03–1.20) and severe obesity (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2 ; HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.01–1.47), considering a 2-year latency period. Notably, the rise in GC risk was particularly pronounced among women with obesity and men with severe obesity. In the age-stratified analysis, severe obesity (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2 ) was associated with an increased risk of GC in men under 50 years old (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 0.99–3.37). For individuals aged ≥50 years, obesity was linked to a heightened risk of GC in both sexes. Furthermore, normal BMI (18.5–22.9 kg/m2 ) was associated with an increased GC risk in women. Conclusion These findings indicate a positive association between excess body weight and the risk of GC in Koreans, particularly among men with severe obesity.

Gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GAED) is rare and its clinicopathological characteristics are not well documented. However, reports indicate that it exhibits more aggressive characteristics, including lymph node metastasis or liver metastasis, than a conventional gastric adenocarcinoma. Herein, we report a case of GAED with rapid recurrence and disease progression. A 55-year-old male, diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC), demonstrated initial endoscopic findings suggestive of advanced GC. He underwent curative resection since there was no evidence of lymph node or distant metastases. The disease was reported as an early GC that was confined to the submucosal layer, without evidence of lymph node metastasis in the final pathological results. However, six months after surgery, multiple hepatic metastases were found during abdominal computed tomography; the pathological results were consistent with metastasis from the GC. Immunohistochemistry of the primary carcinoma pathological specimens showed positive results for alpha-fetoprotein and sal-like protein 4, suggesting enteroblastic differentiation, which is thought to be associated with rapid recurrence and disease progression.