OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of C-reactive protein(CRP) levels,body temperature and white blood cell(WBC)count for hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP).METHODS Temperature,and concentration of CRP and WBC count of the patients were determined daily,and fixed a day for sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA).Then observed the prognosis be cured,stable out of ICU or death.Patients were divided into death and survival groups according to the prognosis and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS There were four response modes of CRP ratio after antibacterial treatment:fast response,slow response,nonresponse and biphasic response.All patients with fast response and most patients with slow response survived,whereas all patients with nonresponse and biphasic response were died(P

[Objective]To probe the approach of supplementing Qi and nourishing Yin in the treatment of lung cancer. [Methods] With detailed research into Chinese medicine literature from recent years regarding its application in lung cancer, the basic pathogenesis of lung cancer, and relevant clinical effects and fundamental research of lung cancer are summarized.[Result]Numerous studies have shown that Qi and Yin deficiency is the basic pathogenesis of lung cancer, thus the approach of supplementing Qi and nourishing Yin can reduce the side effects and strengthen the clinical effects of radio-chemotherapy, stim-ulate immune function, improve life quality, and prolong the survival time of the patients.[Conclusion]It is significantly obvious that the approach of supple-menting Qi and nourishing Yin has shown great advantages in the treatment of lung cancer, however further clinical and basic research are expected.

OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibitory effect of Longzhi extracts (extracts from a Chinese herbal compound) on the growth of transplanted hepatoma H22 and sarcoma S180 in mice. METHODS: Certain dosage of Longzhi extracts was dissolved into distilled water to obtain the suspension of definite concentration. The suspension of 0.2 ml was planted on the right forefoot of each mouse. The mice were randomly divided into groups 24 hours later and treated for 7 days. One day after the treatment stopped, the mice were sacrificed and the tumor masses were taken out and weighed. RESULTS: The inhibition rates of Longzhi extracts on the tumor of transplanted H22 and S180 were 63% and 41% respectively. CONCLUSION: Longzhi extracts has antitumor action.

Objective To study the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from children with infectious skin diseases in Beijing area and to investigate the prevalance of community acquired methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA).Methods S.aureus was isolated from 600 outpatients with infectious skin diseases in Beijing Children's ospital.The susceptibility of these isolates to 14 antimi crobial agents was determined by agar dilution method according to the guidelines from Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Results Totally，451 S.aureus strains were isolated.Of them,93.8% were resistant to penicillin,87.6% to erythromycin,71.6% to lindamycin,37.3% to etracycline,13.3% to chloramphenicol,6.4% to gentamicin,1.6%to oxacillin,2.2% to ciprofloxacin,0.4% to cefazolin,0.2% to cefuroxime and mupirocin.No resistance was found to vancomycin,ceffriaxone or fusidic acid.Conclusions The results suggest that penicillin and erythromycin are no longer the appropriate agents for the treatment of S.aureus.The prevalance of MRSA iS 1.6% in children with infectious skin diseases in Beijing area.Oxacillin and cephalosporin are recommended for systemic treatment of community acquired MRSA,and mupirocin or fusidic acid for its topical treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the role of autophagy in reduction of high glucose and hypoxia-reoxygenation (HG+ H/R) injury to isolated cardiomyocytes by dexmedetomidine in rats.Methods:The normally cultured rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes at the logarithmic growth phase were seeded in 6-well plates at a density of 1×10 6 cells/ml and divided into 4 groups ( n=15 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), group HG+ H/R, dexmedetomidine group (group DEX) and dexmedetomidine+ autophagy inhibitor 3-methylpurine group (group 3-MA). The cells were incubated in culture medium with 1% fetal bovine serum + 1% double antibody for 24 h when the cell density reached 50%.To establish HG+ H/R injury model, the cardiomyocytes were cultured in high-glucose culture medium (glucose concentration of 33 mmol/L) for 24 h, and then incubated in a 37 ℃ incubator (95% N 2+ 5%CO 2) for 4 h followed by reoxygenation (90%O 2+ 10%CO 2) for 2 h. Dexmedetomidine was added until the final concentration reached 5 μmol/L at 1 h before hypoxia in DEX and 3-MA groups, and 3-MA was added until the final concentration reached 5 μmol/L at 1 h of incubation with dexmedetomidine.At 2 h after reoxygenation, the cell viability was recorded by the cell counting kit-8 assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was detected by LDH kit, the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3, P62 and Beclin-1 was detected by Western Blot, the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwas calculated, and the expression of P62 and Beclin-1 mRNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results:Compared with group C, the cell viability was significantly decreased in HG+ H/R, DEX and 3-MA groups, LDH activity in the supernatant was increased and expression of P62 was decreased in HG+ H/R and 3-MA groups, ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwas decreased in group 3-MA, and the expression of Beclin-1 was down-regulated in group HG+ H/R ( P<0.05). Compared with HG+ H/R group, LDH activity in the supernatant was significantly decreased, expression of Beclin-1, P62 and its mRNA was up-regulated, and ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwas increased in DEX group, and LDH activity in the supernatant was increased in group 3-MA ( P<0.05). Compared with DEX group, cell viability were decreased, LDH activity in the supernatant was increased, Beclin-1, P62 and its mRNA was down-regulated, and ratio of LC3Ⅱ/ LC3Ⅰwas decreased in group 3-MA ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Autophagy is involved in the reduction of HG+ H/R injury to isolated cardiomyocytes by dexmedetomidine in rats.

Objective To prepare a novel ultrasound contrast agent , targeted phase-shift lipid nanoparticles mediated by tumor homing and penetrating peptide tLyP-1 ,and to evaluate its characteristics . Methods The nanoparticles were prepared by filming-rehydration and acoustic-vibration methods .The morphology ,distribution ,particle size and zeta potential were detected . After heating and irradiating of low intensity focused ultrasound ( LIFU) ,the phase-shift characteristic and the enhancement effect in vitro were observed . The tumor homing and cell-penetrating properties of the nanoparticles were examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry . The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was evaluated by CCK 8 assay . Results The size and distribution of nanoparticles were uniformed . The size and zeta potential of nanoparticles were ( 399 .50 ± 29 .98) nm and ( 3 .28 ± 1 .72) mV ,respectively . When the nanoparticles were heated to a temperature of 45 ℃ or after irradiated by LIFU ,nanoparticles generated phase-shift and enhanced ultrasound imaging in vitro ( P < 0 .05 ) . The confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that nanoparticles mediated by tLyP-1 can targetedly aggregate to cell membrane of MDA-MB-231 and penetrate into the cell ,but not to HUVEC . The flow cytometry showed that intracellular fluorescence intensity of nanoparticles mediated by tLyP-1 in MDA-MB-231 group was higher than that in control groups ( P <0 .05) . The CCK8 assay indicated that different concentrations of nanoparticles had no significant effects on cell activity ( P > 0 .05 ) . Conclusions A novel ultrasound contrast agent , targeted phase-shift lipid nanoparticles mediated by tumor homing and penetrating peptide tLyP-1 ,is prepared successfully . It can target to MDA-MB-231 cell and penetrate into the cell in vitro ,and enhance ultrasound imaging in vitro after LIFU irradiation ,which expected to become a novel tumor targeted ultrasound contrast agent and achieve ultrasound molecular imaging at the level of tumor cell .

ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutical effect and toxicity of home-made paclitaxel and cisplatin combination in metastatic breast cancer.Methods Home-made paclitaxel 175 mg/m2,d1 intravenous drip,cisplatin 80 mg/m2,d1-3 intravenous drip,21-28 d was one cycle,all patients continuous course treatment for 2-6 cycles,then the effect was evaluated.ResultsAll the patients received meso-cycle were 4 (2-6) cycles chemotherapy.The total effective rate was 56.60％ (30/53),disease control rate was 81.13％(43/53 ).The rates of internal organ metastasis and non-internal organ metastasis,before menopause and after menopause had no significant difference [56.76％ (21/37) vs.56.25％ (9/16),59.09％ (13/22) vs.54.84％ ( 17/31 ),P ＞ 0.05 ].The median existence time for all the patients was 18.8 ( 12-27 ) months.The survival rate was 56.60％ (30/53) and 30.19％ (16/53) for 1 and 2 years respectively.The major toxieities were gastrointestinal reaction,alopeoia and myelosuppression,the rates of nerve and heart toxicities were less,15.09％ (8/53) and 7.55％ (4/53) respectively.ConclusionThe therapeutic effect of home-made paclitaxel and cisplatin combination in metastatic breast cancer is good,it is to be worth to spread in clinic.

Objective To investigate the changes of the N-acetylaspartate(NAA) concentrations in different brain regions and executive function skills in alcohol dependence,and to study the relationship between NAA levels and cognitive functions in subjects.Methods 49 male,non-smoking,alcohol-dependent patients and 45 healthy control subjects were measured with Proton 1H Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST).Results Alcoholics had lower NAA/Cr ratios in prefrontal grey matter(GM) (1.59± 0.13) and white matter(WM) (1.58±0.12) regions and performed poorly on executive function tests compared to controls (P＜0.001).NAA/Cr in left prefrontal regions positively correlated with certain parameters of EF testing (number of correct responses 30.37± 3.73,perseverative errors 11.49± 3.39,random errors 6.18± 2.64,categories completed 2.08± 1.59)in alcoholic group (P＜0.01).NAA/Cr in prefrontal WM regions correlated with certain parameters of EF testing in alcoholic group (number of correct responses r=0.379,categories completed r=0.433,P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Long-term,chronic alcoholism will damage neuronal viability and cognitive functions,which suggests that NAA concentrations can reflect the extent of damage of cognitive functions with decreased levels reflecting neuronal loss.

Objective To investigate the effect of blood hemoperfusion with resin adsorption connected in series to continuous veno-venous hemofiltration ( HP + CVVH) on plasma cytokines such as TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 as well as cellular immunity and prognosis of patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS). Methods It was a prospective,randomized clinical trial.A total of 30 patients diagnosed as MODS were randomly (random number) divided into routine treatment + HP + CVVH group (treatment group) and routine treatment + CVVH group (control group).In treatment group,patients received blood hemoperfusion with resin adsorption for 2 hours,and then CVVH for 10 hours every day for 3days.In control group,patients received CVVH for 12 hours every day for 3 days.The plasma samples of patients in treatment group were obtained 0 h,2 h,12 h,24 h,26 h,36 h,48 h,50 h,60 h,5 days,7 days and 10 days after renal replacement therapy.The plasma samples of patients in control group were obtained 0 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h,60 h,5 days,7 days and 10 days after renal replacement therapy.All of these patients were monitored with APACHE Ⅱ score,T-lymphocytes subpopulations,blood lactate acid concentration,heart rate,respiration rate and oxygenation index. Results Plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 decreased dramatically after HP (P ＜ 0.01 ) and T-lymphocytes subpopulations CD3+,CD4 +,CD8 + and CD4 +/CD8 + increased after both HP + CVVH and CVVH.The differences in plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 of patients between two groups were not noticeably obvious at the intervals of 12 h,36 h,and 50 h after renal replacement therapy. But on the 5 th day after renal replacement therapy,plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 of patients in HP + CVVH group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0. 05 ).There were 5 fatal patients in HP + CVVH group and 6 patients died off in CVVH group during 28 days after treatment.Conclusions Both HP + CVVH and CVVH could lower the levels of plasma TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6,and improve cellular immunity and clinical symptoms as well as signs.Compared with CVVH,plasma levels of TNF-α,IL- 1β and IL-6 were lower on the 5th day and increase rate of 28-day survival in HP + CVVH group.