Objective To evaluate the long-term outcome ofautologous epidermal grafting in vitiligo and its correlated factors. Methods A 1-5 year follow-up of 310 patients with vitiligo, who had been treated by autologous epidermal grafting, was carried out by questionnaires, phone interview, and clinical revisit. The relevance was estimated between the efficacy of the treatment and several factors, including the time length from the grafting to the follow up, patients' age and gender, location of lesions treated, Koebner phe-nomenon on the donor sites, and the combination therapy with narrow band-ultraviolet B (NB-UVB). Results Of the 310 patients, 161 were males and 149 females with an average age of 26.69±11.76 years; 98 had localized vitiligo, 123 segmental vitiligo, 62 scattered vitiligo, 27 generalized vitiligo. Totally, 24 recipient areas with 1266 sheets were evaluated. Among these sheets, 815 (64.38%) achieved complete repigmenta- tion, 167 obvious repigmentation, 117 some repigmentation, 167 no repigmentation, with a curative rate of 64.38% and total effective rate of 86.81%. Hyperpigmentation occurred in the recipient area of 76 (24.52%) patients, and donor area of 34 patients (10.97%), and hypopigmentation developed in the recipient area of 66 patients (21.29%). Relapse developed in the recipient areas of 30 patients, and new lesions in 12 patients (3.871%). Koebner phenomenon was noticed in the donor sites of 25 (8.064%) patients. The efficacy of autologous epidermal grafting was stable within two years after the therapy, but reduced with the time. Increased efficacy was observed in those sites with little mobililty and large fixity. For example, the best effi- cacy was observed in the legs and arms, followed by feet and hands, chest and back, face and neck, finally by waist and abdomen (P<0.01). NB-UVB exposure could improve the repigmentation. Koebner phe- nomenon in donor sites was associated with a reduced efficacy of epidermal grafting (P<0.05). Gender and age seemed unrelated to the efficacy. Conclusions Autologous epidermal grafting has a good long-term efficacy for the treatment of vitiligo, and transplanted location may be the most important factor affecting the efficacy.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of Gram-positive cocci isolated from 17 hospitals located at different areas in China. Methods All the Gram-positive cocci isolated from 17 hospitals from October 1 st, 2004 to September 30th, 2005 were collected for susceptibility test using standard agar dilution method issued by The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI,2004). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)50 and MIC90 were detected for antibacterial activity in vitro of 35 antimicrobial agents. The rates of resistance, intermediate and susceptiblity of bacteria to the agents were calculated. Results Totally, 925 Gram-positive cocci strains were collected during the period, which included Staphylococcus 536, Enterococcus 249, Streptococcus 137 and other Gram-positive cocci 3; the rates of oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) and oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (ORSE) were 62.9% and 82.9%, respectively. The penicillinnonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSP) was 40.7 % including 10.5 % resistant and 30.2intermediate. All strains of Enterococcus were susceptible to teicoplanin. No Enterococcus was resistant to vancomycin. Five strains of Enterococcus were found intermediate to vancomycin, which were 1 E.faecalis, 2 E. faecium, 1 E. gallinarum and 1 E. avium. No glycopeptides resistant Gram-positive coccus was detected. Conclusions The antimicrobial resistance of Gram-positive cocci is increasing with higher isolate rate of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneurnoniae (PRSP) and methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). All the investigated Gram-positive cocci are highly resistant to macrolides. No glycopeptide resistant strains are detected during the surveillance.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of nateglinide treatment of newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes on the state of inflammatory response. MethodsThe clinical data of 74 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes were retrospectively reviewed,and treated with nateglinide,before and after treatment,the fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose 0.5h ( 0.5 hPG), 1 h postprandial blood glucose ( 1 hPG) ,2h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG) ,fasting insulin(FINS) ,0.5h postprandial insulin(0. 5hINS) ,postprandial 1h insulin( 1 bINS),2h postprandial insulin(2hINS),interleulin-2(IL-2) and C-reactive protein(CRP) levels were observed. ResultsAfter treatment,the FBG,0. 5hPG, 1hPG,2hPG, FINS,0. 5hINS, 1hINS,2hINS, IL-2 and CRP of patients were ( 8.0 ± 1.5) mmol/L,(12.0±1.8)mmol/L,(10.2 ± 1.3) mmol/L,(10.5 ±1.2) mmol/L,(168.2 ±11.5) pmol/L,(213.5±23.5) pmol/L,(197.0 ±21.5) pmol/L,(189.5 ±12.0) pmol/L,(14.0 ±1.5) μg/L, (13.5 ±1.5) mg/L,compared with( 10. 5 ± 1.0) mmol/L, ( 14. 5 ± 1.5) mmol/L, ( 12. 5 ± 1.4) mmol/L, ( 11.6 ±2.0) mmol/L,(180.7 ±12.0) pmol/L,(229.8 ±26.0) pmol/L,(218.5 ±23.0) pmol/L, (197.0± 14.5) pmol/L,(12.5 ±2.0) μg/L, (22.8 ±2.0) mg/L before treatment decreased significantly(t =11. 9293,9. 1785,10. 3561,4. 1115,6. 4696,4.0009,5. 8744,3. 4279,5. 2307,32.0006, all P ＜0. 05). There was no serious adverse events in treatment process. ConclusionNateglinide treatment of newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes could significantly improve the patient's inflammatory response state,and there was no serious adverse events in treatment process.

Seizure cluster (SC) is a common clinical phenomenon in patients with epilepsy, which was reported to be associated with post-ictal psychosis, status epilepticus, and increased risk of death, with a negative impact on the quality of life of patients and caregivers, but the diagnostic criteria, management principles and pathogenesis of SC are still unclear."seizure cluster" "acute repitetive seizures" and "cluster seizures" were used to search the relevant literatures in the databases of "Pubmed" "Wanfang Medicine" and "China Knowledge Network" from 1990 to 2019. The definitions, prevalence, risk factors, consequences, possible mechanism, and current management methods of seizure clusters were summaried in this article, to help health care professionals and patients gain a clearer understanding of SC.

Objective To discuss the effect of C?reactive protein(CRP) levels in pregnant women with gestational metabolic syndrome ( GMS ) , and to analyze the risk factors of GMS. Methods Seventy pregnant women with GMS received regular check and hospital delivery in Yuebei People’ s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University from May 2012 to May 2015 were selected as study group,and 100 normal pregnant women as control group. Information regarding age,gestational weeks,admission blood pressure,height and body mass index( BMI) before pregnancy was recorded. Biochemical indicators including C?reactive protein ( CRP ) , fasting plasma glu?cose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL?C),high density lipoprotein ( HDL?C) were tested. The correlation between CRP and GMS was calculated and the risk factors of GMS were analyzed. According to CRP levels,all pregnant women were divided into four groups to based on quartile method subjects, and the relationship of CRP levels and the incidence of GMS were evaluated between four groups. Results ( 1) The age,pre?pregnancy BMI,baseline blood pressure of GMS group were higher,gestation?al weeks was smaller than the control group(P<0. 05). (2)The CRP,FPG,TC,TG,LDL?C of women with GMS were higher than those of normal women((12. 6±32. 9) mg/L vs. (0. 39±0. 37) mg/L,(6. 04±1. 73) mmol/L vs. (4. 64±0. 29) mmol/L,(6. 77±2. 68) mmol/L vs. (4. 49±0. 57) mmol/L,(4. 54±2. 84) mmol/L vs. (2. 56±0. 90) mmol/L,(3. 69±1. 25) mmol/L vs. (2. 65±0. 51) mmol/L),and the differences were statistical?ly significant( t=2. 21,6. 72,6. 97,5. 63,6. 61;P<0. 05) ,while there was no significant difference about HDL?C level between the two groups(P>0. 05). (3)Multiple regression analysis showed that the risk factors of GMS were age,pre?pregnancy BMI,CRP,TG and TC(OR 1. 530(1. 095?2. 136),18. 427(4. 402?77. 142),4. 917 (1. 928?12. 537),2. 665(1. 379?5. 149),4. 114(2. 304?7. 348),P<0. 01),BMI and TC were the significant risk factors of GMS( P=0. 000) ,while the gestational weeks,LDL?C seemed to had less importance in identifying GMS(P>0. 05). (4)According to CRP levels,the incidence rate of GMS was 20. 69%,42. 67%,56. 06% and 72. 00%(χ2=15. 28,P=0. 002) . When CRP≥20. 0 mg/L,the incidence rate of GMS was significantly higher than the other three groups, and there were statistically differences between different groups ( P<0. 01 ) . Conclusion There are pre pregnancy overweight and / or obesity,abnormal glucose metabolism,blood pres?sure,lipid metabolism disorders such as multiple metabolic abnormalities aggregation in pregnant women with GMS. BMI and TC are the significantly risk factors for GMS. The gestational weeks,HDL?C and LDL?C have less importance in identifying GMS. The blood serum CRP is closely related to GMS and involved in the pathogenesis of GMS. THe increase of CRP level is one of the important signs of the onset and progression of GMS.

Objective To discuss the relationship between chronic bronchitis and meteorological conditions in Nanjing. Methods Took the record of the recrudescing time of 200 old chronic bronchitis patients for a year. The correlation between the changing of air temperature and pressure and the monthly chronic bronchitis recrudescing in a year was analyzed. The main meteorological conditions by which recrudescing were affected in different season were selected with multiple stepwise correlation analysis. Results There were chronic bronchitis patients recrudescing the whole year, but the most were in winter and the least in summer. The most recrudescing happened in December and April, and the least in May and July. The meteorological factors that affected chronic bronchitis patients recrudescing were air temperature, pressure and wind speed. The relative coefficient of case numbers between 24 hours variations of air temperature and pressure was 0.5762(P=0.0499) and 0.5841(P=0.0461), respectively. Conclusion The steady meteorological conditions are not good for recrudescing of chronic bronchitis patients. And temperature descent and high air pressure are the main meteorological factors that induce chronic bronchitis recrudescing.

Objective To explore the impacts of high temperature on health in summer in different cities of China.Methods The ettects of high temperature on health in different cities were analyzed through metereological data collecting and questionnaire survey on health of residents in Guangazhou,Nanjing and Harbin cities,300 cases respectively.Results Guangzhou,Nanjing and Harbin locat in different latitudes and have deifferent climates.Guangzhou had the high temperature all the year,with little daily temperature difference.Nanjing had cold winter and hot summer.Harbin's temperature all the year round and large daily temperature difference.In summer of 2003,the utilization rate of air-condition was 85%,75% and 12%,(respectively in Guangzhou,Nanjing and Harbin),the insomnia rate was 21.6%,38.3% and 12.9%,the occurrence rate of fatigue was 21%,25.1% and 15.2%,the occurrence rate of aggravation of existing diseases was 5.0%,7.3% and 6.1%,the incidence rate of heatstroke was 21.6%,38.3% and 12.9%,respectively.Conclusion High temperature in summer can lead to not only heat stroke,but also insomnia,fatigue,aggravation of existing diseases,et al.The residents in different cities have different tolerance to high temperature.The continual climate warming will threat human health in different latitude cities in difterent latitudes.

Objective Retrospective analysis of clinical features, treatment results and prognostic factors in 19 patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Methods Diagnostic and treatment data of 19 patients with ALCL from Jan 2003 to Feb 2007 were analyzed. Results Among the sample group, 18 patients (94.74 %) shows B-symptoms, extranodal involvement is present in 14 patients (73.7 %), clinical misdiagnosis rate reaches 84.2 %. The overall response rate to chemotherapy is 100 %, complete remission rate after 6 courses chemotherapy were 95 %, the probabilities of event free survival at 1 and 2 years were both 88.2 %, relapse occurred in one case. Conclusion In the studied group, majority of ALCL patients have B-symptom. Extranodal involvement is present earlier, and clinical misdiagnosis rate is high. While it' s found that ALCL is sensitive to chemotherapy and tend to get good prognosis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid level and body fat depots as well as the possible influencing factors of the relationship in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods Five hundred and thirty two patients hospitalized for type 2 diabetes were recruited in this study.According to serum uric acid,the subjects were classified into normal uric acid group (group NUA,n =426) and high uric acid group ( group HUA,n =106 ).Anthropometry ( BMI,waist circumference,hip circumference and WHR),serum uric acid level,blood glucose,renal function and lipid levels were compared between the two groups.Results Serum uric acid level was closely related to body fat distribution:(1) in group HUA,WHR,BMI,BUN,SCr and TG were significantly higher than that of group NUA ( [ 0.94 ± 0.07 ] vs.[ 0.91 ± 0.07 ],[ 26.91 ± 3.90 ]kg/m2 vs.[23.84 ±3.80] kg/m2,[8.66 ±5.94] mmol/L vs.[6.29 ±3.64] mmol/L,[93.9 ± 67.6 ] μmol/Lvs.[63.9 ± 20.6 ] μmol/L,[ 2.65 ± 1.92 ] mmol/L vs.[ 1.86 ± 1.46 ] mmol/L,respectively; all P ＜ 0.05 ] ;while HDL-C was lower in Group HUA than in group NUA ( [ 1.09 ± 0.32 ] mmol/L vs.[ 1.24 ± 0.45 ] mmol/L,P ＜0.05).(2) Multiple regression analysis revealed that the serum uric acid levels were positively correlated with BMI,SCr,and TG ( b =0.201,0.500,0.153,respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ),but negatively correlated with HbA(1)c and HDL-C ( b =- 0.168 and - 0.121,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion In patients with type 2 diabetes,serum uric acid levels are closely related with the BMI and Glucose/lipid metabolism,which suggests that body weight control is as important as the uric acid lowering treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes to cut the risks of cardiac and vascular diseases.

Advancements in technology have enhanced the performance of pacemakers but made the interaction between the pacemaker and the heart becoming increasingly complex, and its is difficult to interpret the paced ECGs (PGCGs). This paper introduces a brief method to interpret PECGs, which illustrate the timing intervals graphically and avoid using symbols and strings.