A method for the infrared spectrophotometric determination of total ph-ospholipids in seed of Juglans regia and acinus of Citrullus vulgaris was reported. The average recovery of total phospholipid in this test was 97.2%, the CV was 1.66%. The contents of total phospholipid in seed of Juglans regia and acinus of Citrullus vulgaris were 438.46-528.85mg% and 241.78 -247.47mg% respectively. The rapid quantitative analysis of the distribution of various phospholipid components in these two specimens was carried out by using thin layer chromatographic scanning and the corrective method of absorbance proportional coefficient. The results showed that the main phospholipid components in both specimens were PC and PE. The fatty acid composition of the total phospholipids of both specimens were analysed by GC-MS-DS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-data system).

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of the lateral fissure opened intraoperative cerebral con-tusion sylvian cistern , basal cistern for improving the cerebral vasospasm. Methods A total of 106 patients with cerebral contusion in lateral fissure area were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group was given conventional craniotomy to clear focal cerebral contusion of hematoma. And the experimental group was further to fully open sylvian cistern, jugular vein pool, endplate pool and basal cistern on the basis of the conventional craniotomy to remove the brain contusion and hemato-ma. The levels of endothelin 1 (ET-1) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were detected postoperative 3, 7 and 14 days. The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, ICU guardianship time and total length of hospital stay were observed on discharge and followed up for 3 months in two groups. The rate of good prognosis was compared between two groups. Results There were significant differences in ET-1 levels of plasma and CSF at different time points (plasma Ftime = 603.436 and CSF Ftime =684.276 ) between two groups of patients (plasma Fgroup=272.531 and CSF Fgroup=317.641). The ET-1 levels were signifi-cantly lower after 7 d and 14 d treatment in experimental group, but no significant difference 3d after operation between two groups (P<0.01). The GCS score was significantly higher on discharge in experimental group than that of control group. The values of ICU guardianship time and the total hospitalization time were both significantly lower in experimental group than those of control group (P<0.01). The rate of good prognosis was significantly higher in experimental group than that of con-trol one [78.85%(41/52) vs 51.85%(28/54),χ2=8.496, P<0.01]. Conclusion Openning side crack pool and basal cistern in the surgical treatment of traumatic brain injury can improve the cerebral vasospasm and prognosis.

Objective To investigate the expression of endostatin and angiopoietin (Ang)-2 in human ghoma and its significance. Methods The expression of endostatin and Ang-2 were measured by immunohistochemistry and endostatin mBNA by hybridization in situ in 108 cases of brain glioma and 5 cases of normal brain tissues. Results The expression of endostatin (0.0657±0.0038)and Ang-2 (0.0286± 0.0042) were significantly higher in grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ glioma patients than those in grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ ghoma patients (0.0349±0.0048,0.0084±0.0018, respectively) and normal brain tissues (0,0)(P<0.01). The expression of endostatin mRNA were significantly higher in grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ glioma patients (0.0310±0.0041) than that in grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ glioma patients (0.0152±0.0031) and normal brain tissues (0)(P< 0.01 ). Theratio of endo-stalin to Ang-2 was negatively rehted to the grade of glioma (r=-0.810,P <0.01). Conclusion The interaction of endostatin and Ang-2 plays an important role in the invasive growth and malignant development of human glioma, and may be related to the prognosis and the malignant degree of glioma.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and sexual orientation among college students, and to explore possible sex difference. Methods: By using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, 4 034 students were selected from 4 college schools. Self-made questionnaire was used to collect the demographic information, CSA experiences and sexual orientation. Logistic regression models were conducted to examine sex differences in the relationship between different types and timing of CSA and sexual orientation. Results: The reporting rates of heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual and asexual orientation of college students were 93.2%, 0.7%, 3.7% and 2.4%, respectively. For males, contact CSA (OR=14.70, 95%CI=5.73-37.72), both contact and noncontact CSA (OR=4.33,95%CI=1.91-9.84) in elementary school or earlier were associated with sexual orientaion. non-contact CSA (OR=4.20, 95%CI=2.21-7.98), both contact and noncontact CSA (OR=3.57, 95%CI=1.65-7.70) in middle school were related to sexual orientation. However, for females, non-contact CSA (OR=1.78, 95%CI=1.02-3.13) and both contact and non-contact CSA (OR=3.13, 95%CI=1.35-7.23) in elementary school or earlier were associated with sexual orientation. Conclusion CSA experiences are associated with sexual orientation in sex-specific manner, with significant stronger association among males.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Spautin-1 (an inhibitor of autophagy) on improving anxiety-like behaviors and its mechanism in mice after traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods:Thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group, TBI group, and TBI+Spautin-1 group ( n=12); TBI models in the latter two groups were established by modified Feeney free fall epidural impingement method. Mice in TBI+Spautin-1 group were administered with Spautin-1 (2 μL, 10 mmol/L) into the lateral ventricle 10 min after modeling, but mice in the other two groups were only injected with same volume of solvent. Neuropathy Symptom Score (NSS) was used to evaluate the functions of motor, sensory and reflexes of mice on 1 st, 7 th and 14 th d of modeling. On 15 th and 16 th d of modeling, open field test and elevated plus maze test were used to evaluate the anxiety-like behaviors in mice. The number of Nissl bodies in the amygdala of mice was calculated by Nissl staining 16 d after modeling. The numbers of neuron specific nucleoprotein (NeuN) positive cells, interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β positive astrocytes in the amygdala were detected by immunofluorescent staining. Western blotting was used to detect the autophagy-and pyrotopic-associated protein expressions in the amygdala region of mice. Results:(1) As compared with the sham-operated group, the TBI group and TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly increased NSS scores on 1 st and 7 th d of modeling ( P<0.05). (2) Open field test showed that as compared with the sham-operated group, the TBI group and TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly smaller number of crossing grids, significantly decreased percentage of time spending in the central zone ([central area residence time/total time] × 100%), significantly decreased percentage of frequencies entering into opening arm (OE) (OE/[OE+frequencies of entering closing arm]×100%) and opening arm time (OT) percentage (OT/[OT+time of closing arm]×100%); as compared with the TBI group, TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly larger number of crossing grids, and significantly increased time percentage spending in the central zone, OE percentage, and OT percentage ( P<0.05). (3) As compared with sham-operated group, the TBI group and TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly smaller numbers of Nissl bodies and NeuN positive cells in the amygdala of mice ( P<0.05); as compared with TBI group, TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly larger numbers of Nissl bodies and NeuN positive cells in the amygdala of mice ( P<0.05). (4) As compared with the sham-operated group, the TBI group and TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly increased percentages of IL-1β and IL-18 positive astrocytes in amygdala of mice ( P<0.05); as compared with the TBI group, the TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly decreased percentages of IL-1β and IL-18 positive astrocytes in amygdala of mice ( P<0.05). (5) As compared with sham-operated group, the TBI group and TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly higher protein expressions of NOD-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3), activated cysteine aspartate protease-1 (Caspase-1), pore-forming protein D-N terminal fragment (GSDMD-N), ubiquitin specific peptidase (USP) 13 and B-lymphocytoma-2 interacting protein (Beclin1), and statistically higher ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain (LC)3 II/LC3 I ( P<0.05); as compared with TBI group, the TBI+Spautin-1 group had significantly decreased protein expressions of NLRP3, activated Caspase-1, GSDMD-N, USP13 and Beclin1 in the amygdala, and statistically lower ratio of LC3 II/LC3 I ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Spautin-1 improves the anxiety-like behaviors in mice after TBI, whose mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of astrocytic pyroptosis in the amygdala.

Objective: To explore the mediating effect of depressive symptom on the relationship between peer bullying patterns and suicidal ideation, and to provide suggestions for school bullying and suicide prevention for adolescents. Methods: A follow up cohort was established in a junior middle school in Suixi County, Anhui Province in September 2019 (T1). The first follow up was conducted in September 2020 (T2). A total of 1 687 junior high school students participated in this study. Self designed peer bullying questionnaire,center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for children,and questions regarding suicide related behaviors were administered. Results: Prevalence of suicidal ideation, victimization and bullying were 28.3%, 27.0% and 24.4%, respectively. The latent class analysis(LCA) identified three heterogeneous peer bullying classes: low aggressive victims(71.4%), high aggressive victims(3.3%), high verbal and relational aggressive victims( 25.3 %). The low aggressive victims class was used as the reference group, T1 depressive symptom mediated the association between high aggressive victims(mediating effect=0.43, P < 0.05 ), high verbal and relational aggressive victims class (mediating effect= 0.29 , P <0.05) and T2 suicidal ideation. Conclusion Depressive symptom plays a mediating role in the relationship between peer bullying and suicidal ideation. In order to prevent peer bullying and suicide related psychological behaviors of adolescents, educators should pay attention to adolescents mental health when formulating corresponding measures.

Objective: To explore the relationship between different types of bullying behavior and depressive symptoms among adolescents, and to provide scientific basis for further prevention of peer bullying. Methods: Based on the follow up data of 1 687 adolescents from Huaibei City, Anhui Province in September 2019 (T1) and September 2020 (T2), the autoregressive cross lagged analysis was employed to explore the relationship between different types of peer bullying and depressive symptoms. Results: The scores of bullying behaviors (physical bullying, verbal bullying, relational bullying and cyber bullying) and depressive symptoms at T2 were lower than those at T1,and the differences were statistically significant ( t =13.60, 8.61,7.24,3.76,8.29, P <0.01). There was a positive correlation between bullying behavior and depressive symptoms ( P <0.01). The results from cross lagged regression analysis showed that physical, verbal, relational and cyber bullying at T1 could positively predict depressive symptoms at T2 ( β = 0.06 , 0.04, 0.12, 0.05), and physical, verbal, relational and cyber bullying at T1 could positively predict depressive symptoms at T2 ( β =0.07, 0.10, 0.13, 0.10) ( P <0.05). Conclusion There were bidirectional associations between adolescent peer bullying and depressive symptoms.