Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of polyphyllin D on the proliferation of human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cell line K562 and its mechanism. Methods K562 cells were treated with various concentrations of polyphyllin D (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 2.4 μmol/L) at 24 h, and cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of polyphyllin D on the apoptosis, and the cell cycle arrest of K562 cells. The relative proteins were analyzed by using Western blot. Results The polyphyllin D could significantly inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells, and the effective inhibitory concentration (IC50) was (0.9 ± 0.1) μmol/L at 24 h. The results of flow cytometry showed that after treatment with 0.9 μmol/L polyphyllin D at 12 h and 24 h, the apoptotic rate of the cells [(11.46 ±1.51) %, (28.87 ± 2.35) %] were significantly higher than that of the control group [(2.05±0.45) %], and the difference was statistically significant (F= 38.637, P< 0.05). The expressions of bcl-2, CDK1, CyclinB1 and bcr-abl fusion protein were down-regulated by polyphyllin D, and the expressions of Bax, cytochrome C, activated caspase-3 and p21 were up-regulated (all P<0.05). In addition, polyphyllin D could arrest cell-cycle at G2/M phase (F=42.355, P<0.05). Conclusion Polyphyllin D can significantly inhibit the proliferation of human CML cell line K562, and its mechanism could play a role by inducing apoptosis and promoting cell cycle arrest.

Objective To explore the features of coronary artery morphological changes and left ventricular function indicators of resident population in plateau .Methods 50 plateau healthy adults and 50 plain‐and Dalian‐healthy volunteers completed coronary CTA examination .We measured the pipe diameter of left main coronary atery and right coronary artery and their branches ,respec‐tively .Furthermore ,SV and EF value of left ventricular cardiac function indexes and the wall thickening of free ventricular wall at left ventricular end systolic were measured .Results The average diameter of proximal right coronary of plain‐and Dalian‐healthy volun‐teers thicker than plateau group ,with statistical difference ;Other coronary artery branch did not exhibit any significant between‐group differences ;The two groups did not show significant between‐group differences with heart function indexes .Conclusion The body circulation system have adaptability and compensatory changes of resident population in plateau ,and their coronary artery mor‐phology and left ventricular function are as similar as plain people .

Objective: To isolate and identify the structures of triterpenoids from the extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruits. Methods:The chemical constituents were systematically isolated by column chromatography and liquid chromatography, and their struc-tures were determined by spectral data including 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, HSQC and HMBC combined with ESI-MS. Results:Totally 8 trit-erpenoids compounds were isolated and identified from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruits, 22-α-hydroxychiisanogenin (1), chiisanogenin (2), 3-oxo-24-methylenecycloartan (3), mangiferonic acid (4), isomangiferolic acid (5), oleanolic acid (6), betulin (7) and betulin-ic acid (8). Conclusion:Compound 3, 4 and 5 are obtained from Acanthopanax genus for the first time.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of balloon-assisted catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT) for acute lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Methods From September 2008 to February 2011,94 patients with acute lower extremity DVT were admitted.The cases in early stage were treated by CDT (Group A,n =50),and the cases in late stage were treated by balloon-assisted CDT ( Group B,n =44).The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.The circumference difference between normal and affected limbs,scores of venous patency,and rates of venous patency were recorded for judging the efficacy.The total dose of urokinase and retention time of infusion catheter was compared between the two groups.The incidence of pulmonary embolism and bleeding were used to judge the safety of treatment.The venous patency was followed up by ultrasound or/and venography.Measurement data with normal distribution was described by mean + standard,and was analyzed using T test.Measurement data with non-normal distribution was described by M ( QL,QU ),QL =P25,QU =P75,and was analyzed using Wilcoxon' s test.Categorical variable data was analyzed using Chi-Square test Results The prior treatment circunfference difference between normal and affectéd limbs were (5.37 ±1.97) cm (thigh) & (4.14 ± 1.57) cm (calf) in Group A and (5.41±2.22) cm (thigh) & (4.05 ±1.61) cm (calf) in Group B ; and the difference between the groups was insignificant ( thigh:t =- 0.113,P=0.910; calf:t =0.288,P =0.774).The post treatment correspondences were:(2.96 ± 1.10) cm (thigh) & ( 1.93 ± 0.84 ) cm (calf) in Group A and ( 1.78 ± 1.40) cm ( thigh ) & ( 1.41± 1.17 ) cm (calf) in Group B; the difference between the groups was significant (thigh:t =4.66,P ＜0.0001; calf:t =2.548,P =0.012 ).The prior treatment score of venous patency was 9 (8,10) in Group A and 8.3(7,10) in Group B without significant difference (Z =- 1.5172,P =0.1292).The post treatment score of venous patency was 3.5 ( 2,5 ) in Group A and 0 ( 0,1) in Group B with significant difference ( Z =-5.7702,P ＜0.01).The rate of venous patency after the treatment was 55.0％ (42.3％,72.4％ ) in Group A and 100％ (88.5％,100％ ) in Group B,with significant difference ( Z =4.9148,P ＜ 0.01).The total dose of urokinase used in the treatment was 5.950 ( 5.525,7.225 ) × 106U in Group A and 4.100 (3.600,5.050) × 106U in Group B with significant difference (Z =-6.0133,P ＜ 0.01).The retention time of perfusion catheter was 10 (9,12) d in Group A and 6 (5,7) d in Group B with significant difference ( Z =- 8.0358,P ＜ 0.01).No symptomatic pulmonary embolism occurred in both groups during the treatment and follow-up period.The rate of bleeding complication was 38.0％ (19/50) in Group A and 22.3％ (10/44) in Group B,without significant difference (x2 =2.5590,P =0.1097 ).The removal rate of optional filter was 88.37％ (38/43) in Group A and 100％ (39/39) in Group B,with significant difference ( x2 =4.829,P =0.028 ).The rate of venous patency at the last follow-up point was 50.0％ (44.4％,59.2％ ) in Group A,and 95.4％ (83.6％,100％ ) in Group B,with significant difference (Z =- 3.2721,P =0.0011).Conclusions Balloon-assisted CDT was a promising treatment for acute lower-extremity DVT.It improved the effect of thrombolysis and reduced the dosage of urokinase,and did not increase the risk of pulmonary embolism.

Objective To investigate the expression of neuron-specific enolase(NSE) and bone morphogenic protein 4(BMP4) in different hippocampal areas of pentylenetetrazol(PTZ) kindled epilepsy rats and explore their relationship with the pathogenesis of epilepsy and brain injury.Methods Fifty male SD rats were divided into experimental group(n=40) and control group(n=10).The rats in experimental group were kindled into epilepsy by chemical method,and according to the kindling process,subdivided into four groups(grade Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ).Immunohistochemistry,in situ hybridization labeled with Dig-oligonucleotide probe and the image analyzing system were used to observe the expressions of NSE and BMP4 in rat hippocampus.Results In PTZ kindled epilepsy rats,the number of cells positive for NSE and BMP4 was increased in many regions of hippocampal formation.Compared with control group,the expressions of NSE and BMP4 in CA3 and DG was elevated obviously in the grade Ⅲ group and grade Ⅳ group(P

Objective To investigate the MRI manifestations and analyze the prognostic factors of patients with anterior circulation minor stroke and nonGminor stroke in Qinghai plateau.Methods 41 6 cases of the first admission,including 1 9 2 patients with minor stroke and 224 patients with nonGminor stroke.MRI and MRA examinations of the head were completed in all patients within 72 h of admission.Patients were followed up for one year to observe the recurrence of stroke,and the quality of life was evaluated with the help of modified Rankin Scale (MRS)scores.Results (1)MRA showed that 36.98% of the minor stroke and 58.93% of the nonGminor stroke had the stenosis of the responsible artery at the infarction site.The difference was significant (χ2＝ 1 9.94,P＜ 0.00 1 ).(2 )MRI showed that the initial infarction sites of minor stroke and nonGminor stroke were different (χ2＝4.47 ,P＜0.005 ).(3 )The recurrence rate was 10.42% in minor stroke and 12.05% in nonGminor stroke.There was no significance between the two groups (χ2＝ 0.28,P＞0.05).(4) Among patients with poor prognostic outcomes (whose MRS≥3),there were 1 9 cases of minor stroke and 6 1 cases of nonGminor stroke,and the difference was significant (χ2＝20.00,P＜0.0 1 ).Conclusion LesionGrelated vascular stenosis in patients with minor stroke is mild and the primary infarction is more common in isolated subcortical or deep white matter.The stenosis is severe in patients with nonGminor stroke,and the infarct lesion is often subcortical with or without cortical or deep white matter.There is no difference in recurrence risk between minor stroke and nonGminor stroke.The prognosis of minor stroke is better than that of nonGminor stroke.

Objective To purify native F1 antigen from E pestis EV76 strain and determine its ef-ficacy against Y. pestis. Methods A new purification method was developed by the substitution of physical disruption ( glass beads) for organic solvent ( acetone and toluene) one, followed by a combination of ammo-nium sulfate fractionation and SephacrylS-200HR column filtration chromatography. Groups of mice were im-munized with F1 antigen adsorbed to 25% aluminum hydroxide in PBS by intramuscular route. The immu-nized animals were challenged subeutaneously(s, c. ) with 104 CFU of Y. pestis strain 141 at 18 weeks after the primary immunization. Results There was no IgG titre difference between two groups of mice with one-dose immunization, whereas in the two-dose immunization groups, the group F1-40 μg induced a statistically higher antibody titre than the group F1-20 μg. Complete protection was observed for animals immunized with purified F1 antigen by s.c. route. In contrast, the control mice immunized with aluminum hydroxide suc-cumbed to a same dose of Y. pestis 141 challenge. Conclusion This purification strategy is a simple and ef-fective, and can be operated in a large scale. Native F1 antigen extracted from Y. pestis EV76 is highly im-munagenic, and can be used as a key antigen component to develop sub-unit vaccine of plague.

Objective To explore the application value of the liver stiffness measurement (LSM) on complications after hepatectomy.Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinical data of 121 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwent hepatectomy in the Mianyang Central Hospital from January 2011 to April 2017 were collected.All 121 patients received LSM using Fibro Scan,and 81 undergoing laparoscopic liver resection (LR) and 40 undergoing open liver resection (OR) were respectively allocated into the LR and OR groups.Observation indicators:(1) comparisons of intra-and post-operative situations;(2) risk factors analysis affecting postoperative complication of HCC patients;(3) area under the curve (AUC) of LSM and postoperative complications;(4) comparisons of intra-and post-operative situations,when LSM ≤17.5 kPa;(5) comparisons of intra-and post-operative situations,when LSM ＞ 17.5 kPa;(6)comparisons of intra-and post-operative situations between patients with LSM ≤ 17.5 kPa and LSM ＞ 17.5 kPa in the LR group.Measurement data were represented as x±s,and mean comparisons between groups were done using the t test.Comparisons of count data and univariate analysis were analyzed using the chi-square test and Fisher exact probability.The multivariate analysis was done using the logistic regression model,using P＜0.01 as a inclusion criteria in the univariate analysis.The critical value of postoperative complication was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).Results (1) Comparisons of intra-and post-operative situations:all the 121 patients underwent successful surgery,including 4 with conversion to open surgery in the LR group.Cases with Pringle manner were 51 in the LR group and 17 in the OR group,with a statistically significant difference (x2 =4.555,P＜0.05).Operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,case with intraoperative blood transfusion,Ishak score of 1-3 and 4-6 scores,postoperative complications and duration of hospital stay were respectively (248±78)minutes,(292±229)mL,14,14,67,29,(12±7)days in the LR group and (221±78)minutes,(281± 194)mL,9,9,31,10,(13±6)days in the OR group,with no statistically significant difference between groups (t =1.843,0.282,x2 =0.473,0.473,1.431,t =0.075,P＞0.05).(2) Risk factors analysis affecting postoperative complication of HCC patients:39 of 121 patients had postoperative complications.Results of univariate analysis showed that retention 15-minute rate of indocyanine green (ICG R15),LSM,volume of intraoperative blood loss and Ishak score were risk factors affecting postoperative complication of HCC patients (x2 =7.161,32.490,7.725,2.863,P＜0.l).Results of multivariate analysis showed that LSM ＞ 15.0 kPa was an independent risk factor affecting postoperative complication of HCC patients [odds ratio (OR) =6.906,95％ confidence interval (CI):2.307-20.672,P＜0.05].(3) AUC of LSM and postoperative complication:when LSM of postoperative complication ＞ 17.5 kPa,sensitivity,specificity and AUC were respectively 64.1％,85.4％ and 0.749 (95％CI:0.662-0.824,P＜0.05).(4) Comparisons of intra-and post-operative situations,when LSM ≤ 17.5 kPa:duration of hospital stay was respectively (10±5) days in the LR group and (13±7) days in the OR group,with a statistically significant difference between groups (t--2.389,P＜0.05).(5) Comparisons of intra-and post-operative situations,when LSM ＞ 17.5 kPa:operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,cases with postoperative complications and hepatic dysfunction were respectively (277±76)minutes,(505±232)mL,21,17 in the LR group and (212-± 109) minutes,(328±250) mL,4,2 in the OR group,with statistically significant differences between groups (t=2.060,2.057,P＜0.05).(6) Comparisons of intra-and post-operative situations between patients with LSM ≤ 17.5 kPa and LSM ＞ 17.5 kPa in the LR group:operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,cases with postoperative complications and hepatic dysfunction and duration of hospital stay were respectively (236±76)minutes,(197± 153)mL,8,3,(10±5)days in the LR group and (277± 76)minutes,(505±232) mL,21,17,(16±9)days in the OR group,with statistically significant differences between groups (t=0.657,3.398,x2 =36.547,36.475,t=17.414,P＜0.05).Conclusion LSM is an independent risk factor affecting postoperative compfications after hepatectomy,when LSM ＞ 17.5 kPa,LR is associated with higher incidence of postoperative complications compared with OR.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the incidence of Uigur patients with nonsyndromic hereditary hearing loss in Xinjiang, and to provide the basis for preventing deafness caused by aminoglycoside antibiotics. METHOD: The medical history of 51 Uigur deaf patients as the study group was collected in Xinjiang. Fifty-three Uigur normal people were selected as the control group in Xinjiang. Blood samples were obtained from them with informed consents. Genomic DNA was extracted from isolated leukocytes. The mitochondrial DNA fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. mtDNA 12SrRNA A1555G mutation was detected using A1w26I restriction endonuclease digestion, followed by direct sequencing to identify the A1555G mutation. RESULT: The mtDNA A1555G mutation was detected in 2 Uigur patients, and both of them had used aminoglycoside antibiotics. CONCLUSION There is no statistically significant difference between patients and normal people in Xinjiang. The mtDNA A1555G mutation is related to aminoglycoside antibiotics-induced deafness, which can cause genetic stisceptibility to aminoglycoside antibiotics ototoxicity. The incidence of mtDNA A1555G is lower than the average level of the overall Chinese deaf population.
Adolescent ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Connexins ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Hearing Loss ; genetics ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; genetics ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; RNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the differences in cerebral oxygen metabolism in healthy volunteers at three altitude areas by MR quantitative magnetic susceptibility imaging (QSM) combined with three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL).Methods:From March 2019 to October 2020, Zhengzhou Han Chinese volunteers recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Xining Han Chinese volunteers recruited from the Fifth People′s Hospital of Qinghai Province, Lhasa Han Chinese volunteers and Tibetan volunteers recruited from Lhasa People′s Hospital were collected. They were divided into 21-30 age group, 31-40 age group, and 41-50 age group. All the volunteers underwent MR QSM combined with 3D-ASL sequence imaging, and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) images of gray matter, and white matter were collected, OEF and CBF values were obtained, and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO 2) values were calculated. The comparison of various indicators among multiple groups was conducted using one-way ANOVA, and pairwise comparisons were conducted using LSD- t test. Results:A total of 132 volunteers were included, including 38 Han Chinese volunteers in Zhengzhou, 9 in the 21-30 age group, 13 in the 31-40 age group and 16 in the 41-50 age group; 27 Han Chinese volunteers in Xining, including 9 in the 21-30 age group, 8 in the 31-40 age group and 10 in the 41-50 age group; 34 Han Chinese volunteers in Lhasa, including 13 in the 21-30 age group, 11 in the 31-40 age group and 10 in the 41-50 age group; and 33 Tibetan volunteers in Lhasa, including 10 in the 21-30 age group, 10 in the 31-40 age group and 13 in the 41-50 age group. In the group aged 21-30 years, the overall difference in brain gray matter OEF values among volunteers from different altitudes was statistically significant ( P<0.05), with statistically significant differences in OEF values between Tibetans in Lhasa and Han Chinese in Xining, Han Chinese in Lhasa ( P<0.05). The overall difference in CMRO 2 values in the gray matter of volunteers at different altitudes was statistically significant ( P<0.05), with significant differences in CMRO 2 values between Lhasa Tibetan and Han Chinese in Zhengzhou, Han Chinese in Xining, Han Chinese in Lhasa ( P<0.05). In the 31-40 age group, there were statistically significant differences in the overall CBF values of gray and white matter among volunteers from different altitudes ( P<0.05). Among them, there were statistically significant differences in the CBF values of gray and white matter between Han Chinese in Zhengzhou and Han in Xining, Han Chinese in Lhasa, Lhasa Tibetan ( P<0.05). The overall differences in OEF values of gray matter and white matter among volunteers at different altitudes were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Among them, there were statistically significant differences in OEF values of gray matter and white matter between the Han Chinese in Zhengzhou and the Han Chinese in Xining, the Han Chinese in Lhasa ( P<0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference in OEF values of gray matter and white matter between the Han Chinese in Lhasa and the Tibetan in Lhasa ( P<0.05). The overall difference in CMRO 2 values in gray and white matter among volunteers from different altitudes was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Among them, there was a statistically significant difference in CMRO 2 values of cerebral gray matter between Lhasa Tibetans and Zhengzhou Han, Xining Han, Lhasa Han ( P<0.05), and there was a statistically significant difference in CMRO 2 values of cerebral white matter between Lhasa Tibetans and Zhengzhou Han, Lhasa Han ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The cerebral oxygen metabolism of Tibetan living in the plateau is characterized by low oxygen consumption, low blood oxygen dependence and high tissue oxygen utilization. The CMRO 2 of the Han people who migrated to the plateau for a long time is maintained at a certain level, similar to that in the plain area. The effects of age factors on CBF, OEF and CMRO 2 are small.