Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of the intravenously applied ambroxol in the treat-ment of bronchiolitis. Methods 85 eases of bronchiolitis were randomly divided into two groups. 30 eases of control group were treated with common therapy ,55 cases of treatment group were treated with the ambroxol(7.5mg) each time, Ivgtt bid,in addition to common therapy,and the treatment course was 5 days. The improvement of the cough,pant and sputum for the patients, and the untoward reaction for the drug were observed. Results The total effective ratios were 96.4% in treatment group and 80% in control group. There were significant differences between two groups(X2 = 4.33, P < 0.05). One case vomited slightly in treatment. Conclusion The intravenous application of ambroxol in treatment of bronchiolitis was highly effective and safe.

Objective　To introduce the development of therapy of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods　This summarization paper was made on the literatures review. Results　Extended radical resection, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, orthotopic liver transplantation, photodynamic therapy and molecular chemoradiotherapy might improve the survival rate. Conclusions　Surgical resection combined with other theraputic methods is the main treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

In the patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection who underwent hemodialysis, the viral load of HBV DNA is relatively low and stable.For this phenomenon, some studies suggest that hemodialysis can reduce the HBV DNA load.The mechanism, which remains unclear, may be as follows: when HBV DNA enters the dialysate through the dialysis membrane, it was adsorbed onto the dialysis membrane;some virus particles were destroyed, and antiviral substances were produced in the course of hemodialysis.At present, there is no consensus on the mechanism responsible for the influence of maintained hemodialysis on the viral load of HBV DNA.This article reviews the factors involved in the influence of maintained hemodialysis on the viral load in ESRD patients with HBV infection and the recent progress.

Objective To investigate the influence of calcium channel blockers on intracellular calcium levels of cold preservation-reperfusion injury during liver transplantation in rats.Methods According to the ingredient of perfusion and preservation solutions,the animals were divided into four groups: the control group with HCA solution,the experimental group I with HCA solution plus Verapamil,the experimental group II with HCA solution plus Nifedipine and experimental group III with HCA solution plus Diltiazem.The intracellular calcium of the rat hepatocytes and liver function were measured and the liver structure was observed under light and electron microscopy.Results There were significant differences between the experimental groups and the control group in intracellular calcium concentration and liver function(P

A large amount of data generated in the study of chromatographic fingerprint of Chinese herbal medicines. Criteria selection was one of main considerations while the fingerprint analysis was conducted. Based on the published reports, several criteria of chromatographic fingerprint analysis were reviewed in this paper, including the basic parameters, criteria of peaks isolated, reproducibility of chromatogram and related criteria,criteria of optimization, criteria of stability as well as multi-phase multi-information fingerprint chromatograms, etc..

A literature review was written to introduce the choice of therapy for primary liver cancer (PLC).It was concluded that hepatic resection, liver transplantation, cryotherapy, microwave coagulation treatment, radiofrequency ablation, transarterial embolization or transarterious chemoembolization, percutaneous ethanol injection, radiotherapy and biotherapy could increase the survival rate, and surgical resection combined with other therapeutic methods is the main treatment for primary liver cancer.

Objective To investigate the proliferation rate of HepG2 cell after multiple thermotherapy and the possible reasons related to it. Methods After HepG2 cell were treaded by ten repeated cycles of heat exposure at 43 ℃ for 80 minutes twice a day, the doubling time of cell was analyzed, and the cell cycle, bcl-2 mRNA and bax mRNA were detected. Results The proliferation rate of HepG2 cell which treated with heat speeded up, the percentage of G2 and S in cell cycle increased, the expression of bcl-2 mRNA strengthened and the rate of bcl-2/bax increased. Conclusion The speeded proliferation of HepG2 cell after multiple thermotherapy is related to its high percentage of DNA duplicated and dividing cell, strengthened expression of bcl-2 mRNA and increased rate of bcl-2/bax.

Objective To evaluate the difference between subrenal capsule assay (SRCA) and monotetrazolium (MTT) assay in anticancer chemosensitivity test and explore the possible cause of bringing the difference,in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical practice.Methods SRCA and MTT assay were carried out with fresh rectum carcinoma in three groups:5-FU,amethopterin(MTX) and mitomycin (MMC).The day 1,3,5 after SRCA,every subgroups was injected with 5-FU ,MMC and MTX respectively and the RR was observed at the sixth day;In MTT assay ,the drug,s concentration was 1/10 PPC of each group's drug and the IR was worked out at the fourth day after MMT assay.Results According to the result of chemosensitivity in the 60 groups,20 groups of them were accorded with,other 40 groups were not.The positive and negative according rate of tumor's sensitivity to drug was 33 3% and there was statistical difference between the two methods.Conclusions There were considerable difference between SRCA and MTT assay in anticanaer chemosensitivity test.

Objective To evaluate clinical features and the clinical application of radical transabdominal operation for the senile cardiac cancer by using the EEA(end-to-end anastomosis) stapler.Methods 80 senile patients underwent curative intent due to cardic cancer from 1991 to 2001,and the clinical effects of transabdominal operation for cardiac carcinoma by using the EEA stapler were investigated retrospectively.Results The average age of the patients was 70-year old, and the ratio of men to women was 5∶1. The average course of the disease was 3 2 months. Only 2 5% of the patients got early diagnosis, and the rate of the preoperative complications was 60%. Patients were treated by radical transabdominal operation by using stapler, and the rates of radical dissection and palliative dissection were 71 3% and 18 8% respectively. The incidence of postoperative complication was 5%, and the in-patient mortality was 1 25%, and the above indexes were significantly lower than those in the trans-thoracicoabdominal approach. The 5-year survival rate was 20% after gastrectomy.Conclusions This study showed that the approach exerted little effect on the respiratory and circulatory systems, and it could decrease the surgical risk and the incidence of diverse complications.

The preventive effects of nitroglycerine (NG) on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in growing rats were studied. Three-month-old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (CON), dexamethasone group (DXM), DXM plus a low dose NG group (NG-L), DXM plus a middle dose NG group (NG-M) and DXM plus a high dose NG group (NG-H), 8 rats in each group. The rat model of osteoporosis was developed by intramuscular injection of dexamethasone twice a week. NG 0.2, 0.4 and 1.0 mg/kg was administered by oral gavages to the treatment groups every day for 12 weeks. Rats in CON group and DXM group were treated with normal saline of the same amount. After the treatment, the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism-associated biochemical markers were determined. Compared with CON group, BMD of lumbar spine and femur in DXM group was decreased significantly (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively), blood BGP levels and NO levels reduced (both P<0.01), and TRAP level increased (P<0.05). As compared with DXM group, BMD, serum BGP and NO were increased, and TRAP decreased in NG-L group and NG-M group, but had no significant difference in comparison to CON group. All the markers other than serum NO and TRAP levels had no significant difference between NG-H group and DXM group. It was concluded that low or middle doses of NG could prevent glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in growing rats, but high dose of NG could not. Supplement with NO donor could be considered as a preventive treatment for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in a developing skeleton.
Bone Density/*drug effects ; Dexamethasone ; Nitric Oxide Donors/*therapeutic use ; Nitroglycerin/pharmacology ; Nitroglycerin/*therapeutic use ; Osteoporosis/chemically induced ; Osteoporosis/*prevention & control ; Random Allocation ; Rats, Wistar