[Objective]To compare the osteoinductive activity of calcium sulfate(CS),allogenetic demineralized bone materials(ADBM) and heterogenetic demineralized bone materials(HDBM) by observing their efficiency in inducing bone formation.[Method]CS,ADBM and HDBM were transplanted into thigh muscle pouches of mice.Thirty-six mature Sprague-Dawly mice were divided into 2 groups at random.CS was transplanted into the left(group A 1,n=9) and ADBM into the right(group A2,n=9) thigh muscle pouches.HDBM was transplanted into the left thigh muscle pouches(group B 1,n=9) and the right sites were taken as blank controls(group B2,n=9).Experiments were done to induce ectopic bone formation.At 2,4,6 weeks postoperatively,specimen were collected to evaluate gross and tissue structures and biochemical tests for alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and Ca2+ so that osteoinductive activities of different bone graft materials could be assessed.[Result]At 2 weeks postoperativly,ADBM and HDBM were wrapped up by fibrous tissues and stromal cells gathering around the DBM slices.At 4 weeks postoperativly,formation of cartilage and osteoblasts were observed,and at 6 weeks,materials like cartilage matrix were observed to grow.The concentration of ALP and Ca2+ in study groups was higher than that of control group,which meant that 2 types of DBM had osteogenic potential and that the differences of osteogenetie potential in ADBM and HDBM relied on the donors,whereas CS could be degraded and absorbed fast with light inflammatory reaction and no ectopic bone formation was observed in CS graft.[Conclusion]Both ADBM and HDBM have osteoinductive potential.ADBM is better in inducing ectopic bone formation than HDBM.Differences in donors and preparation of ADBM and HDBM have impacts on their abilities of inducing ectopic bone formation.CS is good at biocompatibility and could be used as bulking agents to repair bone defects.

Objective To investigate serum uric acid (UA) levels and related clinical features in patients with high risk syndrome of neuromyelitis optica. Methods UA levels were measured in 51 patients with high risk syndrome of neuromyelitis optica including 34 with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) and 17 with optic neuritis (ON), 48 with neuromyelitis optica (NMO), 45 with other neurological diseases (OND) and 65 with healthy controls (HC). The disability severity was assessed by the expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Spinal lesions were viewed by MRI. Serum aquaporin-4(AQP4) antibody was tested in cell based immunofluorescence assay. Results Serum UA levels in LETM ( ( 189. 84 ±85. 65) μmol/L) and ON patients ( (222. 12 ±61.68) μmol/L) were significantly lower than that in OND ((315.90±71.36) μ mol/L) and HC ((291.05 ±76.64) μ mol/L) subjects (P＜0.01). No difference was found between LETM, ON and NMO groups. UA levels were significantly lower in females ( ( 158.24 ±55.92), (187.00±47.52), (198.21 ±62.62), (274.51 ±70.66)and (243.26±60.65) μmol/L)than in males ( ( 262. 09 ± 101.63 ), ( 262. 45 ± 62. 13 ), ( 298.90 ± 74. 14 ), ( 355.37 ± 50. 30 ) and (340. 34 ±58. 23) μmol/L) in all groups (t=3. 183, 2.578, 4.356, 4.365 and 6.579, all P＜0.05).UA levels in patients with high risk syndrome of NMO were not correlated with mono or relapse course,duration or status of serum AQP4 antibody. UA were negatively correlated with EDSS in patients with LETM (r= -0.714, P＜0.01). Conclusion Lower serum UA levels were found in patients with high risk syndrome of NMO and related to more severe symptoms in LETM group.

Objective To investigate serum uric acid (UA) levels and related clinical characteristics of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Methods The serum uric acid levels were measured in 65 patients with NMO, compared to control groups which were 76 cases with multiple sclerosis ( MS), 126 cases with cerebral vascular diseases (CVD) and 130 healthy controls(HC). The disability severity in NMO was assessed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) was performed to strengthen assessment the involved lesions. Serum AQP4 antibody was tested in a cell based immunofluorescence assay. Results In male groups, serum UA levels in NMO patients [ (298.90±74.14) μmol/L] were significantly lower than that in CVD [ (355.37 ±50. 30) μmol/L] and HC subjects [ (340.33 ± 58.23 ) μmol/L, P ＜ 0.05 ]. No difference was found between NMO and MS [ ( 292.36 ±92.95) μmol/L] groups. In female groups, serum UA levels in NMO patients [(198.21 ± 62.62)μmol/L] were significantly lower than that in CVD [(274.51 ± 70.66) μmol/L] and HC subjects [(243.26 ±60.65) μmol/L,P ＜0.05]. No difference was found between NMO and MS [(232.29 ±71.95 ) μmol/L ] groups. UA levels were significantly lower in females [ ( 198.21 ± 62. 62) μ mol/L] than in males [ (298.90 ±74.14) μmol/L]. UA levels were significantly lower in patients with EDSS≥5 [ ( 195.48 ± 83.70 )μmol/L] than EDSS ＜ 5 [ (241.00 ± 63.20)μmol/L] NMO patients. In our study UA levels were not correlated with longitude of spinal lesions, activity revealed by MRI and AQP4 antibody tires.Conclusion Lower serum UA levels were found in patients with NMO and related to more severe symptoms.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of As 2 O3 in suppressing metastasis of esophagus carcinoma cells.Methods The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, adhesion and invasion assay were performed to observe the inhibitory effect of As 2 O3 on proliferation and metastasis of esophagus carcinoma cells .The expressions of matrix metalloproteinases ( MMP)2, MMP9, E-cadherin, and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O ( PTPRO) were analyzed with Western blot .Results Exposure to As 2 O3 significantly presented suppressive functions on growth and metastasis of esophagus carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner ( P <0.01 ) .Additionally , MMP2 and MMP9 expressions were increased after treatment with casticin ( P <0.01 ) , whereas E-cadherin and PTPRO expressions were down-regulated ( P <0.01 ) .Conclusions As2 O3 had a significant function to inhibit proliferation and metastasis of esophagus carcinoma cells .

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is one of the most common tumors originating from gastrointestinal mesenchymal tissues, accounting for about 0.2% of all gastrointestinal tumors. It can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Because gastrointestinal stromal tumors have the biological characteristics of non-directional differentiation and potential malignancy, it is very important to resect them completely in time.Traditional surgical excision has a good prognosis in the past, but it has some shortcomings, such as large trauma, slow postoperative recovery and more complications. In recent years, with the continuous development of digestive endoscopy technology, many new endoscopic techniques have emerged for the treatment of gastric stromal tumors, such as endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR), endoscopy and laparoscopic combined surgery, but the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic surgery for gastric stromal tumors are still controversial in the industry.