Objective To investigate the changes of TLR4 and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) of the patients with ulcerative colitis(UC) and its possible pathogenesis mechanism.Methods In our hospital from January 2014 to January 2015,30 cases of UC were selected as the observation group,and other 10 individuals undergoing healthy physical examination in this hospital were selected as the control group.Flow cytometry was used to detect the positive expression rate of TLR4 on surface of peripheral blood CD14+ mononuclear cells.The levels of TLR4,MyD88,NF-κB(P65)mRNA expression were detected by RT-PCR.Western blot was adopted to detect the levels of TLR4,MyD88,NF-κB(P65) protein.Results The positive expression rate of TLR4 on the surface of peripheral blood CD14+ mononuclear cells in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05);the levels of TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB(P65) B mRNA and protein in the control group were significantly lower than those in the observation group(P＜0.05);the levels of TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB(P65) protein were positively correlated with the severity of UC.Conclusion The levels of TLR4 and NF-κB in PBMC of the patients with UC are significantly increased,clinic can judge the UC development degree by detecting TLR4 and NF-κB levels.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of simulect (basiliximab) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Methods Forty adult recipients with benign end-stage liver disease between November 2003 to November 2004 were assigned randomly in a 1∶1 ratio to receive either two doses of simulect or matching placebo. The patients in the two groups received baseline triple immunosuppression with the calcineurin inhibitor (CsA or FK506), MMF and steroids. A total of 40 mg simulect was given in two doses of 20 mg each on the day 0 before inferior vena was opened and the day 4 after transplantation respectively. Acute rejection, infection and serum ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL and ALP in both groups were observed in the first 30 days after OLT. Results In Simulect group had less frequent incidence of acute refection during the first 30 days after OLT. In Simulect group and matching placebo, incidence of acute refection was 10 % (2/20) abd 45 % (9/20) respectively (P= 0.034), and that of infection was 40 % (8/20) and 45 % (9/20) respectively (P= 0.749). Bilirub and aminopherase in both groups were declined gradually and ALP increased. There were significant difference in ALT and TBIL between two groups. Conclusion The application of simulect in combination with CsA/FK506, MMF and prednisone is safe and well tolerated, and can effectively reduce the incidence of acute refection, and does not lead to increased opportunistic infections.

[Objective]To examine whether collagen scaffold(CS) would strengthen calcium phosphate cement(CPC) in vitro,and to investigate whether CPC enhanced with CS would accelerate the osteogenesis for repairing bone defect in rabbits.[Method] A standard 3-piont flexural test was used to fracture the set specimens and to measure the flexural strength,work-of-fracture(WOF) and elastic modulus of CPC and cpclcs.Both cements were implanted into cylinder cavities drilled in 20 rabbit femoral condyles.After 22 and 54 weeks of implantation,histological observations were performed.[Result]The CS had significant effects on composite of mechanical properties.The CPC/CS had a flexural strength 64.2% higher,WOF 3 933.3% higher,and elastic modulus 45.7% lower than the CPC without CS.At 22 weeks,histological study showed collagen fibers of the CPC/CS composite were entirely resorbed and new bone was formed instead.With unreinforced CPC,there were a little bone formation and biodegradation of cement on the margin but not in the interior of CPC.At 54 weeks,plentiful growing bone and bone marrow-like tissue fully filled in pores created by biodegradation of CPC/CS.Although bone formation and biodegradation of cement were more obvious on the margin of CPC cylinder at 54 weeks than 22 weeks,new bone did not present in the interior of CPC yet.[Conclusion]Collagen scaffold not only reinforces CPC,but also accelerates bone formation in the interior of CPC/CS composite.Therefore,CPC/CS could be novel biomaterial as an endosteal implant.

Objective:To explore the role and mechanisms ofω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3PUFAs) alone or in combination with dexamethasone (DEX) in inducing cell apoptosis and reversing drug resistance in multiple myeloma (MM). Methods:DEX-resistant MM cell line MM1R was treated with different concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) alone or in combination with DEX for 24 or 48 h. Cel proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Cel cycle and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. Expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by Western blot. Two-tailed, unpaired Student's t-test was used to compare the two treatment groups. A value of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:MM1R proliferation was inhibited by different concentrations (10, 20, 50, and 100μM) of EPA or DHA alone or in combination with 10μM DEX in a dose-and time-dependent manner. The inhibition effect was significantly higher in combinative groups than in single EPA or DHA treatment group (P=0.014, P=0.032). The percentage of G0/G1 phase and cell apoptosis rate in MM1R treated with different concentrations of EPA or DHA alone increased in a dose-dependent manner. This percentage was also significantly higher in the combinative groups than in the single EPA or DHA treatment group (P=0.015, P=0.004). The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax were upregulated, whereas those of pro-caspase-3 and BCL-2 were downregulated in a dose-dependent manner. Drug resistance gradually decreased in MM1R cells at different concentrations of EPA or DHA with the increase of drug concentration. The reversal fold also increased gradual y, whereas the cel s decreased in the two drug-combination groups compared with the single-drug group. Moreover, the drug-resistance reversal index increased significantly. Conclusion:ω-3PUFAs can inhibit DEX-resistant MM cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle, and induce cell apoptosis.ω-3PUFAs also exhibit a synergistic anti-resistanteffect in combination with DEX. Furthermore,ω-3PUFAs can serve as novel effective drugs for MM treatment.

Objective To establish the optimal extracted method for content dete rmination of naringin in Citrus grandis. Methods RP-HPLC was used to determinat e the content of naringin extracted with the above two methods from different ye ar samples of Citrus grandis. Results The average content extracted with ultraso nic extraction was 13.53 %,and the average content extracted with soxhlet extr action was 11.98 %,there being insignificant difference between the two method s. Conclusion The content of naringin extracted with ultrasonic extraction is mo re than that with the soxhlet extraction,which be receipted in Chinese pharmeco pia. And ultrasonic extraction method is more convenient and can save time.

Objective: To investigate the effects of FGFR1OP and p57/Kip2 proteins on the genesis and progression of gliomas and their clinical significance. Methods: The expression of FGFR1OP and p57/Kip2 in 54 glioma specimens was detected by SP immunohistochemical technique. The relationship between the ex-pression levels of those proteins and various clinical pathologic factors was evaluated. Results: The expres-sion of FGFR1OP and p57/Kip2 was found in 66.7% and 44.4% gliomas, respectively. The OD value of FG-FR1OP was 0.131±0.010 in high grade gliomas, and 0.118±0.010 in low grade ones, with a statistical signifi-cance (t=-5.497, P=0.000), showing that higher expression of FGFR1OP was significantly associated with glo-ma cell differentiation. The OD value of p57/Kip2 was 0.156±0.008 in high grade gliomas, and 0.165±0.006 in low grade ones, with a statistical significance (t=0.296, P=0.014), showing that lower p57/Kip2 expression was correlated with high grade gliomas. FGFR1OP was negatively correlated with p57/Kip2 in gliomas (r=-0.732, P<0.01). Conclusion: Increased expression of FGFR1OP and/or decreased expression of p57/Kip2 may play an important role in the genesis and progression of gliomas and may indicate a poor prognosis.

Objective To explore the correlation between the enhancement pattern of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and its tumor differentiation on histopathology. Methods HCC lesions (n=259) from 224 patients were retrospectively evaluated with CEUS and histopathological examination. CEUS was performed with SonoVue. The characteristics of blood perfusion and parameters of the time-intensity curve (TIC) were analyzed by ACQ soft?ware. Histopathological diagnoses were decided base on Edmonson grading system. Results Pathologic grading of HCC was not related to the arrival time(P>0.05);The washing-out time point and the enhancement time point and peak time point all appeared earlier in poorly differentiated HCC group, than those in moderately differentiated HCC group than those in well differentiated HCC group(P<0.01);The enhancement time point and the expurgation time point are shorter in poorly differ?entiated HCC group than those in moderately differentiated HCC group than those in well differentiated HCC group. All dif?ferences were with statistical significance. The mode of arterial perfusion in early stage was divided into 3 types:spider web type, radiative type and mixed type. The well differentiated HCC group mainly presented as radiative type ( 28/49, 47.14%). But the most of poorly differentiated HCC group mainly present as spider web type(88/127, 69.29%). The mix type was more common in moderately differentiated HCC group(49/83, 59.03%). Conclusion CEUS show different features of TIC pa?rameters and blood perfusion in different pathological stages of HCC lesions so it can serve as a method to assess the biologi?cal behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the influence of pullulan molecular weight and spacer length on the properties of modified pullulan carriers including morphologies,sizes and in vitro release behaviours of drug-loading carriers.Methods Using cholesterol as hydrophobic ligand,succinic anhydride and 1,6-hexyldiisocyanate as spacers,hydrophobic modified pullulans with different molecular weights were prepared.Self-assembled nanoparticles were then formed in the aqueous solution,and drug-loaded nanoparticles were prepared by dialysis method.The influence of pullulan molecular weight and spacer length on the loading-content,morphologies and in vitro release behaviours of drug-loading nanoparticles were then investigated in detail.Results Self-assembled nanoparticles could be formed by the cholesterol-modified pullulan,and doxorubicin and mitoxantrone could be loaded into cholesterol-modified pullulan to form nanoparticles.Pullulan molecular weight and spacer length show influences on sizes,morphologies and stabilities of pullulan nanoparticles and drug-loaded nanocarriers.Conclusions Before drug loading,nanoparticles with larger moleculare weight and shorter spacer length are more stable in solution,while after drug loading,the influences of these two factors on the nanoparticles are drug-type depended.

BACKGROUND: The lipid peroxide, monoamine oxidase, and superoxide dismutase are the important biochemical pharmacological indexes to test the ability of eliminating the free radicals of organism. The lipid peroxide is also a quantitative index of senility oxidation.OBJECTIVE: To test the effect of taibai yangshen on resisting free radicals through testing the serum lipid peroxide, monoamine oxidase (MAO),and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the senile rats.DESIGN: A random control experiment.SETTING: Pharmacy Department of Shaanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).MATERIALS: The experiment was done in March 2002 in the pharmacological Experimental Base of Shaanxi College of TCM. The 40 healthy young rats and 40 old rats were selected. The water extract of ground taibai yangshen was concentrated to 1.5 g/mL. The ginseng decoction was concentrated to 0.3 g/mL.METHODS: The young and old rats were randomized into 8 groups:young normal control group, young ginseng group, young taibai yangshen big dosage group, young taibai yangshen small dosage group, old normal control group, old ginseng group, old taibai yangshen big dosage group, and old taibai yangshen small dosage group. Ten rats were in each group. Seven days for adaptation to the environment. Then the normal control group was gastro-perfused daily with the distilled water 20 g/kg, the ginseng the taibai yangshen big and small dosage groups were gastro-perfused daily spectively. Thirty-five days later, the rats were cut heads in the state of anesthesia. The serum was centrifuged. The sulfuration barbituric acid was adopted to test the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), the ultraviolet absorption was adopted to test the activity of MAO, and the xanthine oxidase was adopted to test the activity of SOD.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The concentration of MDA and the activity of MAO and SOD.groups and the taibai yangshen big and small dosage groups, the concentration of MDA and the activity of MAO were lower than that of the normal control groups (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), the activity of SOD was higher than yangshen small dosage group, the concentration of MDA and the activity of MAO were higher than that of the young taibai yangshen small dosage group [(8.23±1.73), (6.73±1.69) μmol/L; (41.7±15.9), (40.9±14.6) nkat/L,P ＜ 0.05]. In the old taibai yangshen big and small dosage groups, the activity of SOD was lower than that of the young taibai yangshen big and small dosage groups [(386.75±26.71), (403.49±21.58) NU/mL; (382.13±20.07),(389.69±24.45) NU/mL, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: Taibai yangshen functions well to inhibit the MAO, reduce the lipid peroxide, and enhance the activity of SOD, able to resist the free radicals to put off aging.

Objective To study the experimental protocol for purification and analysis of hematopoietic stem cells(HSC)and myeloid lineage-committed progenitors.Methods According to differentiation antigen expression pattern on hematopoietic stem cells(HSC) and progenitors during hematopoietic development,HSC and progenitors from bone marrow of 14 healthy mice were analyzed and sorted by magnetic nanoparticles and 4-color or 6-color flow cytometry using multiple antibody panels.Sorted HSC and progenitors were further tested by methylcellulose colony forming unit(CFU)and serial replatingassays.Results The expression of hematopoietic progenitor cells(HPC)was 10-fold higher expression than that of HSC.However,replating activity of common myeloid rogenitors(CMP)was only half of that of HSC.And there was almost 120 replating activity observed in granulocyte/macrophage lineage-restricted progenitors(GMP)and megakaryocyte/erythroeyte lineage-restricted progenitors(MEP).Conclusion Multiparametric flow cytometry could be used to isolate and count HSC and myeloid lineage-committed progenitors accurately.