OBJECTIVE: In recent years, in the field of neurosurgery, people have tried to study the mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) transplantation for treatment of spinal cord injury and review its related studies.DATA SOURCES: We did a computer-search of Medline for spinal cord injury related articles published in English from January 1990 to November 2004, with the key words of "mesenchymal stem cells, transplantation,spinal cord injury". Meanwhile, We also searched Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for transplantation of spinal cord injury related articles published from January 1990 to November 2004, with the key words of "mesenchymal stem cells, transplantation, spinal cord injury" in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: All articles were selected firstly, and those relevant to progression of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in spinal cord injury therapy were collected. The full texts of the rest literatures were looked up and the latest evolutional articles were enrolled.DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 32 articles about the mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in spinal cord injury therapy were collected. After the exclusion of repetitive or similar studies, 19 articles met our criteria.DATA SYNTHESIS: Aiming at the spinal cord injury therapy by means of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation, the viewpoints of collected articles were summarized. We found bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells could supply lesioned part as filler. Directional regeneration accomplishes the construction of the function that transfers up and down for the nerve cell anchor through surrounding structure. The microenvironment which can inhibit the regeneration of the glial cell, protect the survival of nerve cell body, promote the regeneration of autogenic nerve cells shall be created in transplant. The international successful experience was introduced emphatically, and the most hopeful outlook was suggested.CONCLUSION: The transplanted MSCs survive, migrate to the injury site and differentiate into neurons and astrocytes. Transplantation of MSCs following spinal cord injury may improve the recovery of spinal function and may be an effect way in treating spinal cord injury.

80% defined as category A,B,and C,respectively.Category A drugs were regarded as the focus of management,category B as the second focus of management,category C underwent general management,category D drugs were regarded as the focus in purchase.RESULTS:Hospital first-order drug storeroom and secondary drug storerooms classified their drugs into their own A,B,and C categories (category D was consistent).The consumption sum of category A drugs(about 20% of drugs) accounted for 60%;the consumption sum of category B drugs(about 20% of drugs) accounted for 20%;and the consumption sum of category C drugs(about 60% of drugs) plus that of small quantity of category D drugs accounted for 20%.CONCLUSION:This method can ensure drug supply and help maximize ec-onomical benefits with least human,material and financial resources.

Gaschromatography-tandemmassspectrometrywasadoptedtoidentifythehydroxylatedmetabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls and analyze the target compounds in fishery products. After the silylation derivatizaiton at 60 ℃ for 40 min, the MS spectrum of derivatives was obtained by GC/MS/MS under fullscan mode, and the fragment ions with the highest relative abundance were identified as m/z 399, 399, 399, 399, 399, 448 and 469, respectively which were defined as the precursor ion for product ion scan. The MS/MS spectrum was obtained under multiple reaction mode ( MRM ) by GC/MS/MS. And the product ions corresponded with the precursor ions were m/z 364, 364, 364, 364, 364, 433 and 434, respectively. The target compounds can be identified accurately by GC/MS/MS. In the present study, we took seven hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls as target compounds including 3-OH-PCB101 , 4-OH-PCB106 , 4-OH-PCB112 , 4'-OH-PCB101 , 3-OH-PCB118 , 3-OH-PCB138 and 3-OH-PCB180 . According to the identification method stated as above, the MS and MS/MS spectra of seven compounds were obtained. The compounds can be qualified and quantified by the identification method. The limits of detection ranged from 0. 02 to 0. 14 μg/L, and the limits of quantification ranged from 0. 09 to 0. 48 μg/L. The method has been applied to identify the hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls in fishery products.

A method to determine phytolith-occluded carbon ( PhytOC) was explored. Sodium hydroxide solution was used to dissolve the silicon compound(SiO2 ·nH2O) which occluding on the carbon, and then potassium dichromate-sulphuric acid solution was used to oxidize the released organic carbon. The concentration of Gr3+produced from the reaction was measured by spectrophotometry with its absorbance at 590 nm wavelength. The organic carbon concentration was calculated based on the amounts of potassium dichromate consumed. This analytical method was verified well accuracy and repeatability by running standard addition and recovery experiments. It has the advantages of low carbon loss, easy to operate, low cost;and hardly any influence to body health, as compared with acid dissolution-Elementar Vario MAX CN method. The results obtained from this method have a good correlation with these determined by Elementar Vario MAX CN ( Germany) .

Objective To study the distribution of genotypes of hepatitis C virus in Guizhou and its relationship between infec-tious route of genotype and age ,gender was analyzed .Methods Serum specimens in this study were obtained from 198 patients , whose anti-HCV and HCV RNA were positive .A reverse transcriptase PCR(RT nested-PCR)assay using conserved primers de-duced from the core-envelope 1(C-E1)region of the hepatitis C virus(HCV)genome was employed to amplify a 474-nucleotide-long fragment .Phylogenetic analysis of the C-E1 sequences was conducted by direct sequencing of the RT-PCR products and alignment with published HCV subtypes in GenBank .Subtypes of the samples were determined by nucleotide sequencing followed by composi-tion of a phylogenetic tree .Results Among the 198 patients surveyed ,genotype 1a was detected in 4 cases(2 .0% ) ,genotype 1b in 71 cases(35 .9% ) ,genotype 2a in 9 cases(4 .6% ) ,genotype 3a in 29 cases(14 .7% ) ,genotype 3b in 47 cases(23 .7% ) ,genotype 6 a in 37 cases(18 .7% )and genotype 6d in 1 cases(0 .5% ) .Genotype distribution on gender had no statistical significance(P>0 .05) , and its distribution on people with different ages had statistical significance(P<0 .05) ,and its distribution on patients with different infectious routes was significantly different(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The major genotypes of HCV are 1b ,3b ,6a and 3a in Guizhou , and genotype 1a is predominant .Genotypes 1a ,2a and 6d exist too .Genotypes of patients infected with HCV are related to their in-fectious routes ,and the HCV genotypes are in a great variety .

The dissolution of nickel from nitinol alloy under different extraction conditions was investigated when biological tests of nitinol medical devices were carried out. It discussed the equivalence of these extraction conditions and found the best extraction conditions. In the experiment, two brands of nitinol were chosen and extracted under different extraction conditions according to GB/T 16886-12. Plasma emission spectrometer was used to analyse the concentration of nickel in extract liquid. The results show that there is no equivalence among these extraction conditions for nitinol materials. And it is suggested that (37 +/- 1) degree C, (72 +/- 2) h could be used as normal extraction condition and (70 +/- 2) degrees C, (24 +/- 2) h as accelerated extraction condition.
Alloys ; chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials ; Materials Testing ; Nickel ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Titanium

31 patients with cysticercosis of cerebral ventricles verified by operation or pathological investigation were reported. All patients were between 7 and 64 years of age and 14 were females. All had a single cyst. Since 29 patients (94%) were without a history of intestinal taeniasis, it was proposed that most patients of cysticercosis of cerebral ventricles were caused by hetero-infection and the entrance of Cysticercus into brain ventricle was through choroid plexus along the cerebro-spinal fluid. This is probably the reason why it occurs mostly in the 4th ventricle. The clinical manifestation of cysticercosis of cerebral ventricles were paroxysmal headache and vomiting caused by increased intracranial pressure. Ventricu-lography and CT scanning have considerable diagnostic value. Removal of Cysticercus by surgical operation is successful (Figs. 1 - 8).

Objective To report a simple formula to estimate phosphate removal by standard four-hour hemodialysis in Chinese patients.Methods A total of 165 MHD patients in Huashan Hospital were enrolled.Effluent dialysate samples were collected during treatment to estimate the total amount of phosphate removal.Pre-dialysis levels of serum phosphate,potassium (K+),hematocrit(Hct),parathyroid hormone(iPTH),carbon dioxide combining power(CO2CP),alkaline phosphatase (AKP),Kt/V,and ultrafiltration volume,age,gender,dry body weight,blood flow,phosphate clearance of dialyser,phosphate concentration of dialysate at 60 min after the start of HD were obtained.80％ observations were randomly selected for formula building by backward stepwise and the remaining 20％ observations were used to validate the formula.Results The formula was described as Tpo4 =88.6 ×C60-0.03 ×Age + 1.07 ×Gender +0.06 ×Clearance-4.59,where C60 was phosphate concentration in dialysate measured 60 min into HD and Clearance was the phosphate clearance of dialyser.Formula validation further suggested good predictive ability.Conclusion This study derives an approach to quantify phosphate removal by a simple formula,which will be helpful for clinicians to treat patient individually.

Forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) , characterized by its unique DNA binding domain, plays a key role in transcriptional regulation. FOXA2 transcription factor is highly expressed in colorectal cancer, and binds with corresponding targeted genes to regulate tumor growth and inflammatory response, thus playing the role of oncogenes. In-depth understanding of the role and function of human FOXA2 transcription factor in colorectal cancer will contribute to further development of FOXA2 as a potential therapeutic target and diagnostic and prognostic marker of colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the immunomodulatory mechanism of phenylethanoid glycosides from the seeds of Plantago asiatica by testing its effects on the maturing of murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DCs).

METHODMonocytes generated from bone marrow of Balb/cj mouse were cultured for 6 days in complete RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FBS, rmGM-CSF and rmIL-4.50 mg x L(-1) acteoside or isoacteoside was added to cells on day 6 of culture for 24 h. The surface molecules expression level of DCs and their phagocytose ability were analysis by flow cytometry.

RESULTBoth acteoside and isoacteoside could increase the expression of CD11c, CD86, MHC II and CD80 on DCs surface. The ability of unstimulated DCs to uptake FITC-dextran was higher than that of phenylethanoid glycosides or LPS treated DCs.

CONCLUSIONBoth acteoside and isoacteoside could induce maturation of murine dendritic cells.

Animals ; B7-1 Antigen ; immunology ; metabolism ; B7-2 Antigen ; genetics ; immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Glycosides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phagocytosis ; drug effects ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Plantago ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry