Objective To observe the changes of retinal sensitive cellular ultrastructure of rats in critical period of visual development.Methods Ten normal healthy Wistar rats were chosen,eight of which were neonatal rats and two were mature rats.The eight neonatal rats were randomized into four groups(n=2 in each group) and respectively sacrificed on postborn day 0,15,20,25.The eyeballs of the neonatal rats and the mature rats were resected and the retinas were observed by electron microscope.Results The rat retinal sensitive cellular ultrastructure on postborn day 0 was immature and the cellular arrangement was not clear.The organelle of sensitive cell in critical period developed mature gradually and the arrangement of them was very clear.Conclusion The retinal sensitive cell of rats develops and matures gradually in critical period.

Objective Given the significant differences of ischemia-time tolerance observed in clinical heart transplantation between heart and other solid organs,it is important to make a clinical assessment of the correlation between the cold ischemic time of the donor heart and the survival rate after heart transplantation.With these results,we may standardize the management of clinical heart transplantation by providing a proper heart cold ischemic time frame for reference.Method The clinical data of 131 orthotopic heart transplantation patients in our hospital,from September 2008 to March 2014,were collected and analyzed retrospectively.All donor hearts were preserved in histidinetryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK solution) during cold ischemic time.The cold ischemia time was 103-485 min,with an average of 245.2 ± 120.4 min.According to the cold ischemic time,all patients were divided into three groups:＜ 3 h (n =62); 3-6 h (n =41); ＞6 h (n =28).Result (1) Prolonged cold ischemia time could result in high IABP usage perioperatively (postoperative IABP support rate for the three groups was 3.2％,9.8％ and 14.3％ respectively,P =0.155) and high rejection rate (incidence of rejection was 6.4％,9.8％ and 17.9％ respectively,P =0.245),but there was no statistically significant difference.(2) Three weeks after the transplantation,all EF values of the three groups were reduced within the normal range,with no significant difference.Perioperative overall survival rate was 97.7％ (128/131),while survival rate of the three groups was 97.29％ (72/74),100％ (30/30) and 96.29％ (26/27),respectively (P =0.61).(3) One-year overall survival rate was 89.87％ (71/79),and the one-year survival rate of three groups was 92.2％ (47/51),90.9％ (10/11) and 82.4％ (14/17) respectively (P=0.51).Fifty-two patients were still under 1 year follow-up period.This study aimed to illustrate the effect of different cold ischemic time on perioperative cardiac function,rejection rate,IABP usage postoperatively (intra-aortic balloon pump or intra-aortic balloon counterppulsation) and early/mid-term efficacy after transplantation.Conclusion Cold ischemic time within 6-8 h is clinically safe for heart transplantation,and can provide satisfactory early and medium-term effect.Donor heart with cold ischemia time longer than 6 h may extend the recipient inclusion criteria.But considering the safety of transplantation,these donor hearts may be more applicable for the marginal recipients.This study describes the relationship between cold ischemic time and early and medium-term effect of heart transplantation.However,its long-term effects still require further investigation.

Objective To explore the effects of core stability training on gross motor function and walking ability of children with spasticcerebral palsy. Methods 60 children with spastic cerebral palsy were divided into 2 groups. The control group (n=30) received routine rehabilitation.The experimental group (n=30) received core stability training for 15~20 minutes during exercise therapy training in routine rehabilitation.Before and 3 months after training, they were assessed with D and E domains of Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) andfootprints analysis. Results The scores of D and E domains of GMFM, the step length, the step width and the velocity were better after training(P<0.05), especially in experimental group (P<0.05). Conclusion Core stability training combined with routine rehabilitation is effectiveon improving gross motor function and walking ability of children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective: To evaluate the intestinal trophic effects and adverse reactions of nasojejunal and jejunostomy tube im-plants on patients with total gastrectomy. Methods:A total of 86 patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly and equally di-vided into two groups. Groups A and B received enteral nutrition therapies through nasojejunal and jejunostomy feeding tube implants, respectively. The therapeutic efficacy of the two methods of enteral nutrition therapy and the corresponding adverse reactions observed in the two groups were compared. Results:Group B patients demonstrated shorter anal evacuation and defecation times than group A patients, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). Moreover, the bodyweight, total protein, and albumin levels of the patients significantly decreased in both groups after enteral nutrition therapy was administered (P<0.05). Postoperative nutritive indexes were higher in group B than in group A;however, no significant difference was obtained between the two groups (P>0.05). Nonetheless, the patients in group B tolerated the treatment well compared with those in group A (P<0.05). The complication rates of groups A and B were 18.6%and 23.3%, respectively, but this difference was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion:Patients subjected to total gastrecto-my showed higher tolerance to jejunal tube implants for enteral nutrition than to nasojejunal tube implants, indicating that jejunal tube implants can be used to improve the nutritional status of patients.

Objective To explore the pathophysiologic mechanism of the development of a small-for-size syndrome(SPSS) and the role of splenectomy in the prevention and treatment of SFSS.Methods The rat models of sham-operation and 80% partial hepatectomy were established.Totally 144 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:1)splenectomy group:splenectomy was performed following 80% partial hepatectomy;2)control group:80% partial hepatectomy was performed;3)sham group:no hepatectomy was performed.After the operation,we examined the portal venous pressures(PVP),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) expression,the activity of myeloperoxidase(MPO),liver function and explored the prevalence of SFSS.Results Compared with the sham group,the PVP of the rats in the control group obviously elevated after hepatectomy,and the expression level of TNF-a and the activity of MPO in the liver significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the PVP,the expression of TNF-a in the livers and the activity of MPO at the corresponding time points after hepatectomy in the splenectomy group significantly decreased,while the expression of PCNA in-creased(P<0.05).Administration of splenectomy resulted in a statistically significant decrease in aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),total bilirubin.and the incidence of SFSS(P<0.05).Conclusion Splenectomy could alleviate liver injury,promote liver regeneration in small-for-size liver rats by reducing portal vein perfusion and pressure and the subsequent expression of proinflammatory mediators.

BACKGROUND:At present, there are many researches about repairing articular cartilage defects. In particular, the microfracture technique has been widely used. OBJECTIVE:To observe recovery of knee joint motor function and morphological changes in tissue repair during articular cartilage defects with different directions (coronal position and sagittal position). METHODS:Articular cartilage fracture models with 2 mm-thick medial femoral condyles of rabbit knee joint were established. According to incision directions, models were assigned to coronal and sagittal groups. At 5, 10 and 20 weeks after model induction, general observation was performed. Specimens were sliced into paraffin sections, and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining and col agen staining. Tissue repair at the articular cartilage defects was observed using optical microscope and immunohistochemical method. After model induction, range of motion of rabbit joints was regularly examined in the two groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A white line was seen across the femoral condyles at defects in the two groups. Articular surface at defect repair was at the level of in situ cartilage, and reached a bone union. Knee joint treated by operation did not affect function. Under light microscope, partial reconstruction of subchondral bone was seen in the two groups, mainly fibrocartilage repair. The level of bony remodeling was lower than tidal line of adjacent in situ cartilage. Immunohistochemical method exhibited that type I col agen staining gradual y reduced at defects of specimens, but type II col agen staining gradual y increased. These results suggested that there was no significant difference in the recovery of motor function of knee joint and the repair of articular cartilage with different directions (coronal and sagittal position).

0.05),but the contraction frequency and kinetic index were both decreased(P0.05).In pancreas transplantation dogs,the basic pressure,contraction frequency and kinetic index were all decreased with usage of ulinastatin(P

Objective:To investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α)in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)tissue,and to analyze its relationships with angiogenesis,cell proliferation and chemotherapy resistance. Methods: Total 112 cases of NSCLC and 20 cases of normal lung tissues were selected, immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of HIF-2α,CD31,Ki67 and GST-π in 112 cases of cancer tissue and 20 cases of normal lung tissue,and the correlations of HIF-2α expression with microvessel density (MVD),Ki67, and GST-π were analyzed.Results:The positive expression rate of HIF-2α in NSCLC tissue was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissue (P < 0.05 ), the expression rate of HIF-2α in 112 cases of NSCLC was 47.3% (53/112).The MVD in HIF-2α protein high expression NSCLC group (31.1 ± 14.7)was higher than that in HIF-2αprotein low expression NSCLC group (24.3±15.8)(P <0.05).The cases of high expression of Ki67 in HIF-2αhigh expression group occupied 54.7% (29/53),and it was higher than that in HIF-2αlow expression group (16/59,27.1%);there was significant difference (r = 0.281,P = 0.003).The high expression of HIF-2α had no obvious correlation with the expression of GST-π (r = 0.122,P = 0.202). Conclusion:HIF-2αmay play an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of NSCLC by promoting the angiogenesis and enhancing the cell proliferation of NSCLC,but it may have no correlation with chemotherapy resistance.

Objective To compare the effects of two surgical procedures via comparison on tibial fractures with/without proximal fibula fractures ,and to explore the reference importance of proximal fibula fractures in surgery for complex tibial plateau fracturesinvolvingposterior and lateral spine .Methods Totally 69 cases of patients with complex tibial plateau fracturesinvolving‐posterior and lateral spine (Schatzker Ⅴ and Ⅵ) were selected ,who accepted treatment between January 2008 and October 2012 . The patients were screed according to the quality of fracture reduction immediately after operation .39 cases were screened whose scores were excellent and the general condition was similar .The patients were divided into group A1 ,A2 and B1 and B2 according to the whether there was proximal fibula fractures and whether accepted posterior lateral support steel plate:group A1 (n=10):without proximal fibula fractures but with posterior lateral support steel plate;group A2 (n=11):without proximal fibula fractures and without posterior lateral support steel plate;group B1 (n=9):with proximal fibula fractures and with posterior lateral support steel plate;group B2 (n=9):with proximal fibula fractures but without posterior lateral support steel plate .According to the knee scoring system of American Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) ,a total of 39 cases of patients were followed up for 12-14 months (average 12 .8 months) to evaluate the recovery condition of knee function .And correlations between the scores of the 4 groups were compared .Results There were statistically significant differences between group B1 and group B2 on HSS scores (P<0 .01) ,but there were not between group A1 and A2 (P>0 .05) .Conclusion For patients with complex tibial plateau fracturesin‐volvingposterior and lateral spine and with proximal fibula fractures ,posterior lateral support steel plate can achieve more satisfac‐tory rehabilitation function .

Objective To explore whether polymorphisms in non-coding RNA has potential as biomarkers for predicting the risk of kidney transplantation rejection.Methods A total of 79 patients who had received kidney transplants were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and divided into the rejection group (n =26) and non-rejection group (n =53).Four polymorphisms in miRNA and 8 polymorphisms in lncRNA were detected by MALDI-TOF-MS.Results When compared with the wild genotype,the mutation genotype in miR-27a rs895819 and lnc-LRFN2-2 rs61516247 had 11.72 and 4.87 folds increased risk of kidney transplantation rejection (P =0.046,OR=1.04-131.74 and P =0.047,95％ CI =1.02-23.21,respectively).The other three polymorphisms in miRNA and 7 polymorphisms in lncRNA showed no significant associations with transplantation rejection risk (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The miR-27a rs895819 and lnc-LRFN2-2 rs61516247 polymorphisms were associated with the risk of kidney transplantation rejection.