Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and changing trends of primary liver cancer in Yunnan province from 2005 to 2014, in order to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer in this region.Methods:A retrospective survey was used to select inpatient cases of liver cancer who were initially diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 2005 to 2014 with simple random sampling. Patients socio-demographic and clinicopathological characteristics were extracted by a unified and standardized questionnaire, and the data were statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 1000 cases with liver cancer were included, aged (53.2±11.2) years, with a male-to-female ratio of 5.99/1.00. There was no significant change in the gender and age composition ratio of patients in the past 10 years. The proportion of patients with lower education level (primary or junior high school) were increased from 21.8% to 23.4%, and the proportion of patients with relatively higher education level were decreased from 58% to 38.2% ( P<0.001). Smokers and non-smokers patients were decreased and increased from 58.8% to 44.4%, and 41.2% to 55.6% ( P<0.001). The proportion of drinker patients were decreased from 46.4% to 35.2%. The proportion of patients with advanced liver cancer (stage C and D) were increased, while the proportion of patients with stage A and B showed a downward trend ( P<0.001). The proportion of HBsAg-positive patients showed an upward trend, that is, rising from 69% in 2005 to 82% in 2014 ( P=0.043). The proportion of HBeAg-positive patients showed a steady trend ( P=0.008). The use rate of ultrasound examination in patients with liver cancer were decreased from 91.0% to 58.0% ( P=0.001), while the use rate of computed tomography (CT), MRI, and PET/CT examinations were increased from 81.0% to 84.0% ( P=0.05), 0 to 22% ( P<0.001), and 0 to 3% ( P=0.026) between 2005 to 2014. The proportion of surgical patients were increased ( P=0.005), but the proportion of interventional patients did not change significantly ( P=0.590). Surgery and interventional therapy were the most common treatment methods, and the proportion of patients treated with surgery over the past 10 years showed an upward trend ( P=0.005), while the proportion of interventional therapy remained at a high level with no significant change ( P=0.590). Conclusion:In Yunnan province, the incidence of liver cancer increases with age, and the proportion of male with liver cancer is almost six times that of women. Moreover, the low positive rate of alpha-fetoprotein levels and advanced clinical stage in this region are presently the main challenges against the liver cancer prevention and treatment. The application scope of CT, magnetic resonance imaging, PET-CT and other examination methods has gradually expanded, but the treatment methods are still mainly surgery and interventional therapy.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the most common neoplasmas with a poor prognosis and a low 5-year survival rate. Early screening is an important measure for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. At present, different countries have issued corresponding lung cancer screening guidelines, but China still lacks guidelines based on Chinese population research. Therefore, the National Cancer Center launched a Multi-center Cancer Screening Program in Urban China. This study analyzed the evaluation of lung cancer risk assessment model and screening effect in urban China of Yunnan, so as to explore the evaluation model of high-risk lung cancer population suitable for China's national conditions and develop lung cancer screening guidelines for Chinese. METHODS: A questionnaire survey and lung cancer risk assessment were conducted on 165,337 people in 36 street offices in 4 main urban areas of Kunming, Yunnan Province, using cluster sampling method from January 2015 to December 2019. People with high-risk of lung cancer conducted low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening of chest. What's more, all participants were followed up by active or passive follow-up. RESULTS: There were 264 patients were diagnosed lung cancer by pathology, and the overall incidence of lung cancer was 0.16% (264/165,337). The high-risk group (0.31%, 116/37,914) was higher than the non-high-risk group (0.12%, 148/127,423), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The incidence of lung cancer in the high-risk group was higher than the non-high-risk group among the male, female, and lower 50-year-old or more than 50-year-old subgroups, with statistical differences (P<0.001), but there was no statistical difference in the group without LDCT screening (P=0.73). The sensitivity of the lung cancer high-risk population assessment model was 43.94% (116/264) and the specificity was 77.10% (127,275/165,073). The early diagnosis rate of the screening group was 72.97% (54/74), which was significantly higher than that of the non-screening group [28.48% (43/151)]. CONCLUSIONS The lung cancer high-risk population assessment model of National Key Public Health Program: Cancer Screening Program in Urban China can detect high-risk populations and improve the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer effectively.