The feasibility and steps of the designing experiments performed by college students in preventive medical speciality were explored in this study,which showed that the designing experiments played an important role in developing students' creativity and their abilities to practice.This kind of experiment is worth extending.

By using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel and Pharmadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC, two minor new compounds, labda-12, 14-dien-6beta, 7alpha, 8beta, 17-tetraol (1), 2, 3-cis-6-acetyl-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethylvinyl)-2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-ol angelate (2), and a minor new natural product 6-methoxy-4-methyl-3, 4-dihydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one (3) have been isolated from an ethanolic extract of Heteroplexis micocephala. Their structures were elucidated with spectroscopic data analysis including 2D NMR experiments.

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods From January 2002 through December 2007,86 HCC cases were divided into laparoscopic hepatectomy group and open hepatectomy group.Clinical data were analyzed. Results There were 36 cases in LH group,and 50 cases in OH group.Significant differences were noticed in the length of incision,operative blood loss,food-taking time,postoperative hospital stays,and analgesic usage between the two groups (respectively t =-37.608、-2.396、-13.073、-4.283 、x2 = 35.765,all P＜0.05),in which LH group was superior to OH group.Differences appeared in ALT,AST,ALP,r-GT and LDH on post-op day 1,and 3.APTT,ALB response on the fifth day after operation were different in the two groups (separately t =-3.465,-3.236,-3.470,-6.812,-4.837 and-3.998,-2.894,-4.286,-7.887,-5.388,6.131,7.292; all P ＜0.05);ALT,AST,ALP,r-GT value on the fifth day post-operation,and T-BIL on the day 1,5 post-operation were different in two groups (separately t =-4.795,-2.155,-3.442,-4.194,-2.712,-1.600,all P ＜0.05),Meanwhile,as the results all showed that,injuries were all less severe in LH than OH group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in operative time,resection method,overall complications,1-year,3-year survival rate,disease free survival (t =-0.893,separately x2 =0.066,0.026,0.468,0.156,0.106,2.732,all P ＞0.05) while 3-year survival rate in LH group and OH group were 50.0%,25% respectively (x2=2.732,P = 0.098). Conclusion Laparoscopic hepatectomy was safe and feasible for treatment of HCC,and its short-term efficacy was better than open hepatectomy.Furthermore,laparoscopic hepatectomy had promising long-term effectiveness.

Ten compounds were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of linseed meal (Linum usitatissimum L) through a combination of various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. On the basis of spectroscopic data analysis, they were elucidated as 1-methylethyl-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1" --> 6')-beta-D-glucopyanoside (1), linustatin (2), neolinustatin (3), lotaustralin (4), linamarin (5), deoxyguanosine (6), deoxyadenosine (7), (+)-pinoresinol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylvanillyl alcohol (9) and tachioside (10), separately. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 6, 8 and 10 were isolated from the linseed meal for the first time.

Objective To evaluate the relationship and screening value of percentage of body fat (BF%) and waist height ratio (WHtR) for hyperlipidemia in physical examination people. Methods A total of 2 668 objects taking physical examination in Henan Province People′s Hospital from September to December 2014 were included in this study. Values of height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body composition and blood lipid level were detected. The receiver oper?ating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the screening rate of WHtR and BF%on hyperlipidemia with sensitivi?ty, specific and area under the curve (AUC). After stratified by age, waist circumference and BMI, multivariable logistic re?gression analysis was used to investigate the association between hyperlipidemia risk, BF% and WHtR. Results The screening accuracy rate on hyperlipidemia was higher for BF%, AUC was 0.79 in both female and male people. Among wom?en with BMI<18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5~<24 kg/m2, the risk of hyperlipidemia was higher in superfatted group than that of normal group. There was no correlation between WHtR and hyperlipidemia. Among men older than 40 y or with abnormal waist cir?cumference (≥85 cm), the risk of hyperlipidemia was higher in superfatted group than that of normal group, but not associat?ed with WHtR. Conclusion The BF%is a better screening indicator for hyperlipidemia compared with that of WHtR and BMI. Women with BMI<18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5~<24 kg/m2 and men older than 40 y or with waist circumference over 85 cm are suggested to do body composition tests to improve screening accuracy for hyperlipidemia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of heart-regulating and mind-calming acupuncture on the expression of gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) in myocardial cells in a rabbit model of ventricular arrhythmia.MethodA rabbit model of ventricular arrhythmia was made by injecting barium chloride into the marginal ear vein. Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomized into control, model, acupuncture and medication groups. The acupuncture group received heart-regulating and mind-calming acupuncture[at Lingtai(GV10), Shendao(GV11), bilateral Neiguan(PC6)and Baihui(GV20)]and the medication group, oral gavage of propafenone. Rabbit left ventricle was taken after the completion of the experiment. Cx43 expressions were compared and analyzed usingan immunohistochemical staining technique and a computer image processing system.ResultCx43 expression decreased significantly in the model group compared with the control group (P<0.01) and increased in the acupuncture and medication groups compared with the model group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in Cx43 expression between the acupuncture and medication groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Adjusting Cx43 expression in myocardial cells may be one of the target points for this acupuncture treatment of arrhythmia.

Objective To investigate the radiation dose delivered to the patients with dense breasts and the influence of photographic conditions on image quality in full field digital mammography (FFDM).Methods (1) Clinical test:we analyzed the compression thickness of breasts,Target-filter(T-F),voltage current (kV),tube current (mAs),average glandular dose (AGD) and entrance surface dose (ESE) of 100 patients (a total of 370 images,277 images of Molybdenum-Rhodium(Mo-Rh)and 93 images of Wolfram-Rhodium (W-Rh)) who underwent examinations in mode of automatic exposure by FFDM with dense breasts.(2) Phantom experiments:placed the Aluminium plate on different thickness of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plates to simulate the dense breasts.68 mm phantom was used to simulate photographic condition of W-Rh and 58 mm to Mo-Rh.The two groups of dense phantom were exposed automatically and manually.The parameters were recorded for each exposure including the compression thickness of breasts,T-F,kV,mAs,AGD,ESE,the calculation of the ratio between ESE and AGD (ESE/AGD).The image quality figure inverse (IQFInv) was obtained by software.To the clinical test,used multiple factors of variance to analyze the influence of compression thickness and mAs on AGD and ESE,Pearson correlation and regression to analyze the influence of compression thickness on ESE/AGD.To the phantom experiments,used Pearson correlation to analyze the influence of kV and mAs on AGD,ESE and ESE/AGD,single factor of variance to analyze the influence of kV and mAs on IQFInv.Results (1) Clinical test:to Mo-Rh and W-Rh,with the increase of compression thickness,ESE/AGD was increased significantly.Compression thickness had linear relationship with ESE/AGD.Pearson correlation coefficients of W-Rh and Mo-Rh were 0.956 and 0.980,respectively(P＜0.01).The effects of compression thickness and mAs on AGD and ESE were statistically significant (P＜0.05) in the two groups.(2)Phantom experiments:adjusted exposure parameters to the two dense phantoms of W-Rh and Mo-Rh.With the increase of mAs and kV,IQFInv was increased in W-Rh and Mo-Rh.Different mAs and kV were statistically significant (P＜0.05) on IQFInv,mAs and kV had positive correlation with ESE and AGD (P＜0.05),mAs and kV had different correlation with ESE/AGD in the two dense phantoms.Conclusions In mode of automatic exposure by FFDM,choosing W-Rh can achieve relatively high image quality and lower radiation dose.According to the results of phantom experiments,adjusting kV and mAs properly in manual exposure can reduce AGD and ESE effectively and ensure the quality of the image.

Objective To establish a method for detection of serum urocanic acid (UCA) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),and explore the clinical significance of serum UCA concentration for children acute leukemia.Methods The chromatographic conditions of HPLC were set up and optimized,and the linearity of standard curve,precision,accuracy and stability were validated.Then the serum from ninety acute leukemia children and ninety non-tumor blood disease children was collected,the concentration of serum UCA was detected with HPLC,and the differences of two groups were compared to study the clinical significance of UCA in children acute leukemia.Results The HPLC method for detecting serum UCA was successfully established and optimized.The standard curves of trans-UCA and cis-UCA both showed good linearities(R2=0.999 6 and 0.999 9) at the condition of the mobile phase of acetonitrile-20 mmol/L KH2PO4,pH 3.7(5:95,V/V),flow rate of 1.2 mL/min,detection wavelength of 264 nm in HPLC.The relative standard deviation RSD％ of intra-assay and inter-assay were lower than 5％.Compared with non-tumor blood disease,the serum concentration of cis urocanic acid (cis-UCA) and trans urocanic acid (trans-UCA) of children with acute leukemia were significantly increased (P＜0.001).Compared with cis-UCA,trans-UCA was more valuable for risk classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Conclusions HPLC is a good technology to titrate of UCA in serum.The concentration of serum UCA in children with acute leukemia may provide the clues for diagnosis and prognosis,with important clinical significance.

Objective To investigate the mechanical prosperity and degradation rate of the scaffolds with compounding collagen and the nano sol-gel derived bioactive glass were studied,and provide the theoretical basis for the further application of collagen based scaffolds.Method The scaffold with compounding collagen and the nano sol-gel derived bioactive glass(58S)were prepared using the freeze-drying techniques with the bioactive glass as phase addition.By affecting the aggregation state of the collagen fibers with adjusting the supplementation of bioactive glass to change the microstructures of the compound scaffolds and finatly the compound scaffolds with different mechanical properties were prepared.Results (1)As the aggregation state of the collagen fibers changes,the scaffolds with the coarser collagen fibers is prepared with the diameters 400-600 nm approximately.The coarser collagen fibers will play an important role in improving the mechanical property and slowing down the degradation rate of the collagen based scaffolds.(2)The interactions between bioactive glass and collagen are studied by FTIR and Raman technologies.When the quality of content of collagen in the compound scaffolds is lower than 20%,the secondary structure of collagen is damaged severely.Conclusion The composite scaffolds with the mass ratio of collagen to bioactive glass 40:60 has the best performance in mechanical property and degradation,which will be helpful for further applications.

Objective To examine the levels of plasma tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) to assess the clinical value of diagnosis for severe acute pancreatitis ( SAP).Methods Sixty-eight patients were divided into mild acute pancreatitis (MAP)group (n=36) and SAP group (n=32), and twenty volunteers were chosen into normal group ( n=20 ) .Clinical data of these patients were collected, including APACHEⅡscore and Ranson score.Plasma levels of TFPI were measured by ELISA.Results The plasma levels of TFPI in SAP group, MAP group and control group were (4274.25 ±639.83),(3026.81 ±465.76) and (2468.73 ±262.39)pg/ml, respectively(P<0.05).There were significant positive correlations between TFPI and WBC, AST, ALT, TBIL, Cr, PT, APTT, PCT, APACHEⅡscore and Ranson score (P<0.05).The area under the curve (AUC) of TFPI for SAP was 0.902(95%CI=0.845 -0.959, P<0.05 ) .The cutoff value was 4028.83 pg/ml for plasma TFPI with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 78%.Conclusion Plasma levels of TFPI in patients with SAP are significantly increased, which maybe help diagnose SAP.