1.Silicon carbide-carbon composites for small joint prosthesis:a three-dimensional finite element model for biomechanical study
Yongchao YANG ; Qing TAN ; Cui YANG ; Yun LU
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2016;20(16):2333-2339
BACKGROUND:Silicon carbide-carbon (C/C-SiC) composite materials are widely used, but no relevant experimental studies on medical prosthesis materials have been reported.
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the feasibility of C/C-SiC composite materials as a substitute for facet joint prosthesis based on the biomechanical research and three-dimensional finite element analysis.
METHODS:The predetermined size C/C-SiC composites and traditional carbon/carbon(C/C) composite materials were placed in an electronic universal testing machine, to measure and calculate material compressive elastic modulus, compressive strength, maximal anticompression force, flexural modulus, bending strength and maximal antibending force. Afterwards friction coefficient, wear volume and weight wear rate were measured. Using three-dimensional finite element analysis, finite element models of the third metacarpal bone were defined as C/C and C/C-SiC composite element types, respectively. 200 N axial force was applied to analyze the total displacement and node stress.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compressive elastic modulus, compressive strength,maximal anticompression force, flexural modulus, bending strength and maximal antibending force of C/C-SiC composites were significantly higher than those of the C/C materials (P < 0.05); friction coefficient, wear volume, weight wear rate, total displacement as wel as node stress of C/C-SiC composites were significantly lower than those of C/C materials (P < 0.05). These results prove that C/C-SiC composite has favorable mechanical properties, antiwear ability, compression resistance and stress resistance.
2.Diagnosis and pathogens distribution in 14 cases with severe pulmonary infection following kidney transplantation
Yangmin WANG ; Zhiqiang ZHAO ; Nan WANG ; Yongchao DONG ; Qi YANG ; Yuhai ZHAO ; Shoulin LU
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2010;14(5):895-898
OBJECTIVE: Strengthen realization of pulmonary infection and perform follow-up plays a key role in preventing severe pulmonary infection following kidney transplantation. The aim of this study is to analyze the diagnosis and pathogens distribution in patients with pulmonary infection following kidney transplantation. METHODS: Totally 14 patients with severe pulmonary infection following kidney transplantation, who received treatment at The Department of Urology Center, Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, from May 2004 to September 2008, were analyzed. Including 10 males and 4 females, aged from 20 to 65 (37.3±11.4) years. Six patients suffered pulmonary infection within 3 months, 7 patients occurred pulmonary infection occurred during 3-6 months, and pulmonary infection occurred in 1 patient at 6 months after kidney transplantation. The infection rate was 93% during 6 months after kidney transplantation. The diagnosis of pulmonary infection was according to the clinical manifestation of respiratory system, and combined with specificity display of sternum, CT or detection of pathogen. Oxygen inhale and mechanical ventilation were employed for admitted patients. And electrolytes, acid-base equilibrium was daily detected. Twelve patients accepted "three-medicine" treatment and 2 cases accepted "four-medicine" treatment. The therapeutic drugs could be regulated individually. The dose of immunosuppressive agent was adjusted due to ciclosporin, CD4~+/CD8~+, and C-reactive protein levels. RESULTS: The pathogens of pulmonary infection were bacteria (5 patients), fungi (4 patients), and mixed infection (3 patients). No pathogen was found in 2 patients. Four patients died of acute respiratory distress syndrome, 1 patient died for quitting treatment. The remained 9 patients were cured. The mortality was 36%, and the recovery rate was 64%, CONCLUSION: The cure rate of patients with severe pulmonary infection following kidney transplantation can be increased by early combining antibiotics treatment, regulating immunosuppressive agents, early identifying pathogens, taking respiratory support therapy, as weii as adding nutritional supplement.
3.50 Cases of Apoplexy Complicated with Pseudo—Bulbar Paralysis
Yongchao XIA ; Yanyi LI ; Yan HAN ; Wenke XU ; Yaping ZHU ; Youyi DOU ; Minsi ZHANG ; Shaoming LU ; Ling LUO
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1993;0(04):-
The self—formulated modified“Blood—activating andQi—benefitting Decoction of Fructus Cirri Sarco-dactylis”with heavy dose of Radix Angelica Sinensiswas applied for the treatment of 50 cases of apoplexycomplicated with pseudo—Bulbar paralysis.The totaleffective rate of dysathria was 98% with a 58% abovemarked effect rate,while the total effective rate for-choking and coughing was 98%,with a 94% abovemarkedly effective rate.
4.Imaging of Anal Fistulas: Comparison of Computed Tomographic Fistulography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Changhu LIANG ; Yongchao LU ; Bin ZHAO ; Yinglin DU ; Cuiyan WANG ; Wanli JIANG
Korean Journal of Radiology 2014;15(6):712-723
The primary importance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in evaluating anal fistulas lies in its ability to demonstrate hidden areas of sepsis and secondary extensions in patients with fistula in ano. MR imaging is relatively expensive, so there are many healthcare systems worldwide where access to MR imaging remains restricted. Until recently, computed tomography (CT) has played a limited role in imaging fistula in ano, largely owing to its poor resolution of soft tissue. In this article, the different imaging features of the CT and MRI are compared to demonstrate the relative accuracy of CT fistulography for the preoperative assessment of fistula in ano. CT fistulography and MR imaging have their own advantages for preoperative evaluation of perianal fistula, and can be applied to complement one another when necessary.
Adult
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Anal Canal/anatomy & histology
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Female
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Humans
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*Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Rectal Fistula/diagnosis/*radiography/surgery
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Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Young Adult
5. Effects on the respiration and nervous system of rat exposed to the thermobaric bomb simulated gas
Hong WANG ; Junhong GAO ; Zhiyong LIU ; Qing LU ; Yongchao GAO ; Hao NIU ; Hong YUE
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2019;37(11):815-819
Objective:
To investigate the effects of simulated-thermobaric explosive gas on the respiration and nervous system in rats.
Methods:
70 of SPF SD rats were randomly divided into four thermobaric explosive gas groups, two restoration observation groups and control group from April to August in 2018. The exposure time of in four thermobaric explosive gas groups were 3.75, 7.5, 15.0 and 30 min, respectively. The restoration observation groups were designed to observe for 30 and 120 min after exposure thermobaric explosive gas 30 min. The bloods were collected and analyzed at the end of exposure and recovery observation. The endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) , nitric oxide (NO) , glutamic acid (GLU) , acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and dopamine (DA) were detected in brain tissues, respectively.
Results:
The blood gas index (pH, PCO2, PO2, COHb, O2Hb, MeHbt) and blood electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl-) in exposure groups have significant differences with these in control (
6.T cell immune profiling of systemic light chain amyloidosis patients
Lushuang XU ; Yang LIU ; Wenbing DUAN ; Lei WEN ; Yongchao WANG ; Qing GE ; Jin LU
Chinese Journal of Hematology 2020;41(4):313-317
Objective:To investigate the characteristics of T cell immunophenotype and its relationship with clinical manifestation in patients with systemic light chain amyloidosis (AL) .Methods:The peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 36 patients with AL were collected and analyzed by multicolor flow cytometry, and the expression of surface antigen CD3, CD56, CD4, CD8, CD25, CD45RA, CD28, CD57 and nuclear antigen FOXP3 were examined. Samples from 28 age-matched healthy donors (HD) were also examined. Patients were divided by Mayo 2012 staging system and the difference between immunophenotype of Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage patients were analyzed. The correlations between the proportion of T-cell subpopulation and clinical manifestations in λ light chain type AL patients were analyzed.Results:The differences in the peripheral total T cells and T cell subsets, including CD4 +, CD8 +, regulatory T cells, and natural killer T cells were not significantly between AL and HD. The ratio of CD57 + cells in CD8 + T cells was lower in AL than in HD, and there was no significantly difference in the rate of CD45RA + and CD28 +cells between these two groups. No differences were found in the ratio of total T cells or T cell subsets between stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳaccording to the standard of Mayo 2012. Within λ light chain type AL patients, peripheral CD8 + T cell ratio was positively correlated with 24-hour urine protein and creatinine level and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) . Conclusion:The overall T cell distribution in the periphery is not significantly different between AL patients and age-matched healthy donors. However, the percentages of CD8 + T cells are positively correlated with renal injury, indicating the importance of CD8 + T cell subset in the prognostic evaluation of renal involvement.
7.Association Between Different Blood Pressure Levels at Baseline and Early-onset Heart Disease Among Young Population Under 40 Years Old
Wenjuan LI ; Yongchao WAN ; Lu GUO ; Wenqi XU ; Ping GU ; Shuohua CHEN ; Shouling WU ; Aijun XING
Chinese Circulation Journal 2023;38(12):1267-1273
Objectives:To explore the association between different blood pressure levels at baseline and early-onset heart disease among young adults under 40 years in China. Methods:This prospective cohort study included 35 993 subjects who participated in the physical examination of the employees of Kailuan Group for the first time from 2006 to 2012 and were younger than 40 years,with complete blood pressure data and had no history of heart disease.Participants were followed up to the end of 2021.The primary endpoint was early-onset heart disease(including coronary heart disease,atrial fibrillation,and heart failure).According to 2018 Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension,the participants were divided into four groups:normal blood pressure group(n=13 208),elevated blood pressure group(n=16 576),stage 1 hypertension group(n=4 357),and stage 2-3 hypertension group(n=1 852).The cumulative incidence of heart disease among participants with different blood pressure levels at baseline was compared using log-rank test.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the impact of different blood pressure levels at baseline on early-onset heart disease in this cohort. Results:After a mean follow-up of(12.5±2.6)years,the cumulative incidence of early-onset heart disease in normal blood pressure group,elevated blood pressure group,stage 1 hypertension group,stage 2-3 hypertension group were 0.47%,0.97%,3.56%and 4.42%respectively(log-rank P<0.01).After adjusting for confounding factors such as age and sex,Cox regression analysis showed that the HR(95%CI)of heart disease in the elevated blood pressure group,hypertension grade 1 group and hypertension grade 2-3 group were 1.59(1.12-2.24),2.08(1.41-3.08)and 3.20(2.11-4.85)(all P<0.01),respectively,compared with the normal blood pressure group. Conclusions:Elevated blood pressure is a risk factor for early-onset heart disease among young Chinese population.
8.Establishing assessment indexes for emergency response capability of disease control and prevention institutions.
Rong CHEN ; Yongchao HE ; Fang ZHANG ; Yinhao LU ; Yi HE
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 2018;47(2):137-142
OBJECTIVETo establish an emergency response capability assessment indexes for disease control and prevention institutions.
METHODSHealth emergency response capability assessment indexes of Shanghai Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs) was drafted based upon documentary analysis, expert consultation and focus group discussion according to duties and features of emergency work of CDCs. The assessment indexes were determined by applying Delphi method (18 experts), and the weights of indexes were determined using analytic hierarchy process and proportional distribution method. And then the established index system was used to assess the emergency response capability of CDCs in Shanghai.
RESULTSTwo rounds of expert consultations were conducted. Kendall's coefficient of concordance was 0.420 and 0.495 at the first and second round of expert consultations respectively. After two rounds of consultations, the expert authority score was above 0.7. There were 7 primary indexes, 24 secondary indexes and 84 third-level indexes. The seven primary indexes included emergency management system, emergency response team, surveillance and early-warning ability, emergency response capacity, emergent supply capability, communication and cooperation, scientific research and exchange, with systematic weights of 0.2123, 0.1754, 0.1334, 0.1916, 0.1281, 0.0962 and 0.0630,respectively. According to the investigation, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention ranked first in the total score of emergency response capability evaluation.
CONCLUSIONSThe indexes identified in this study have good reliability and feasibility, and can be used in assessment of emergency response capability in disease prevention and control institutions.
China ; Delphi Technique ; Emergency Medical Services ; Primary Prevention ; Reproducibility of Results
9.Current status and problems of human resources of centers for disease control and prevention in Kashgar District, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Fang XIE ; Yongchao HE ; Chunyang ZHAO ; Yuhua ZHOU ; Abudureyimu TUERHONG ; Yinhao LU ; Yi HE
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2022;34(11):1146-1152
ObjectiveTo evaluate the current situation of human resource allocation in district and county centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) in Kashgar , identify existing problems and influencing factors, and to provide scientific evidence for optimizing the human resource allocation. MethodsA survey was conducted among all CDCs in Kashgar in February 2022. The questionnaire included the institutional and individual questions. ResultsThe overall staff size approved for the CDCs in Kashgar was 604, with a staffing rate of 76.17%, among which the staffing rates in 5 county CDCs were less than 60%. Currently, there were a total of 524 approved staff members in all CDCs, resulting in a vacancy rate of 13.25%. In the district CDC, 85 staff members were on duty, while the median of staff on duty was 34 in each county CDC. The staff in the district CDC was ageing, of which those aged over 45 accounted for 67.06%. The staff in the county CDCs was generally young, of which those aged less than 35 accounted for 54.22%. Moreover, the proportion of staff with bachelor’s degree or above in the district and county CDCs was 31.76% and 24.95%, respectively. The proportion of staff without professional title was 32.94% and 48.03%, respectively. In contrast, the proportion of those with middle and senior professional title was 57.89% and 22.02%, respectively. In addition, in recent 3 years, 24 staff members resigned in the CDCs, all of whom had professional titles. ConclusionHuman resources are insufficient in CDCs in Kashgar. Furthermore, staff structure is unreasonable, with a serious loss of human resources. In particular, the district CDC needs to optimize the allocation of human resources.
10.Analysis on the surveillance of infectious disease related public health bud-events in Shanghai from 2017 to 2020
Yinhao LU ; Yongchao HE ; Yi HE ; Huanyu WU ; Chunyan LUO ; Xiaoyan HUANG
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2022;34(1):17-21
Objective To determine the epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease related public health bud-events in Shanghai and assess the effects of bud-event surveillance, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving the surveillance system. Methods Surveillance data of infectious disease related public health bud-events were collected from 16 districts of Shanghai from 2017 through 2020. Then the data were analyzed and compared with infectious disease related public health emergencies during the same period. Results A total of 6 376 infectious disease related public health bud-events were documented in Shanghai in 2017‒2020, which involved 29 792 cases. There were two seasonal peaks, April through June and November through December. Clustered events accounted for 38.85%, mainly caused by chickenpox (14.10%), hand,foot and mouth disease (11.17%) and norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea (6.54%). The 36.73% of the bud-events occurred in school settings, which involved 24 718 cases (accounting for 83.00% of all cases). Median time duration between onset date of the first cases and report date of the events was 4 days, and median duration of the events was 14 days, demonstrating positive correlation. In addition, all the infectious disease related public health emergencies(