First recorded in an official medical book from the Northern Song Dynasty called Taiping Huimin Heji Ju Fang （Prescriptions of the Bureau of Taiping People's Welfare Pharmacy）， Xiaoyaosan has been developed and refined over generations and is preserved to this day. It specializes in soothing the liver，resolving stagnation，fortifying the spleen，and nourishing blood. In this study，ancient traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） books and contemporary studies were reviewed to obtain information on Xiaoyaosan using bibliometrics，including its historical development，dosage，origin，processing methods，decoction dosage，and ancient and modern indications. Furthermore，a question regarding the presence of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and Menthae Haplocalycis Herba in Xiaoyaosan was investigated，and a table of key information on Xiaoyaosan was compiled，providing references for developing Xiaoyaosan preparations. According to the weight and measurement system of the Song dynasty，the contemporary equivalent formulation of the decocted Xiaoyaosan consists of 20.65 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 41.3 g of Angelica Sinensis Radix，Poria，Paeoniae Radix Alba，Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma，and Bupleuri Radix. The formulation is processed to obtain a mixed powder with a particle size of 10 mesh. For each dose，8.25 g of the mixed powder is combined with 1 g of unprocessed Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and 0.62 g of Menthae Haplocalycis Herba in 300 mL of water. The mixture is decocted until the volume reaches 210 mL，and the residue is then removed，with no specific timing required for administration. After the processing，each dose consists of approximately 0.75 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 1.50 g of Radix Angelica Sinensis，Poria，Paeoniae Radix Alba，Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma，and Bupleuri Radix. Ancient medical literature shows that Xiaoyaosan primarily treats blood deficiency and overstrain，specifically for symptoms including heat caused by blood deficiency and fatigue，irregular menstruation，headache，eye soreness，pain in the ribs and limbs，and emaciation and bone steaming. In the Qing Dynasty，ZHANG Lu clearly proposed the pathogenesis of liver depression，and since then，the use of Xiaoyaosan in treating various syndromes associated with liver depression has been highly praised by physicians in the Qing dynasty and modern times. Xiaoyaosan has a wide application in modern clinical practices，involving digestive diseases，gynecological diseases，psychological diseases，nervous system diseases，and otorhinolaryngologic diseases. Moreover，it is most commonly used to treat depression and other diseases complicated with depression，hyperplasia of the mammary gland，etc. The key information on Xiaoyaosan and its clinical applications in ancient and modern times investigated in the study could serve as a scientific reference for in-depth research and extended clinical applications of the prescription.

In recent years, China has been facing the dual challenges of declining fertility rates and births, with male reproductive health issues, especially the decline in semen quality, identified as a pivotal contributor to this phenomenon. Meanwhile, accumulating evidence indicates that air pollutants, an increasingly severe environmental problem, can damage semen quality not only directly through their biological toxicity but also indirectly by disrupting the composition of microbial communities in the gut and semen, thereby dysregulating immune function, endocrine homeostasis, and oxidative stress responses. The gut microbiota and semen microbiota, as important components of the human microecosystem, play crucial roles in maintaining reproductive health. This article comprehensively reviewed the research progress on the potential effects of air pollutants (particulate matter and gaseous pollutants), gut microbiota, and semen microbiota on semen quality. Specifically, it elucidated the mechanisms of interaction between these factors and explored how they affect male fertility.

Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Objective: To understand the prevalence and its influencing factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among employees in petrochemical enterprises, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of MS among employees in petrochemical enterprises. Methods: The employees in petrochemical enterprises who underwent health examinations at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the survey subjects. Demographic information, lifestyle behaviors and occupational exposure were collected using questionnaires, and the blood biochemical indicators were measured through laboratory testing. Factors affecting MS were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 2 479 individuals were included, with a mean age of (44.84±7.87) years. There were 1 684 males (67.93%) and 795 females (32.07%). There were 905 cases of MS, with a detection rate of 36.51%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (male, OR=2.246, 95%CI: 1.353-3.728), age (≥40 years, OR=3.523, 95%CI: 2.003-6.194), noise exposure (OR=1.894, 95%CI: 1.272-2.821), smoking index (>0~200 cigarette-years, OR=1.907, 95%CI: 1.155-3.149; >200 cigarette-years, OR=2.257, 95%CI: 1.320-3.859), hyperuricemia (OR=3.013, 95%CI: 1.852-4.900) and γ-glutamyltransferase (abnormal, OR=2.691, 95%CI: 1.589-4.559) were the influencing factors of MS among employees in petrochemical enterprises. Conclusion The risk of MS occurrence among employees in petrochemical enterprises is related to gender, age, noise exposure, smoking index, hyperuricemia and γ-glutamyltransferase level.

Objective:To establish an early warning model to assess the mortality risk of patients with heat stroke disease.Methods:The case data of patients diagnosed with heat stroke disease admitted to the comprehensive ICU of Shanshan County from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected. According to the short-term outcome (28 days) of patients, they were divided into death group (20 cases) and survival group (53 cases) . The relevant indicators with statistically significant differences between groups within 24 hours after admission were selected. By drawing the subject work curve (ROC) and calculating the area under the curve, the relevant indicators with the area under the curve greater than 0.7 were selected, Fisher discriminant analysis was used to establish an assessment model for the death risk of heat stroke disease. The data of heat stroke patients from January 1, 2021 to December 2022 in the comprehensive ICU of Shanshan County were collected for external verification. Results There were significant differences in age, cystatin C, procalcitonin, platelet count, CKMB, CK, CREA, PT, TT, APTT, heart rate, respiratory rate and GLS score among the groups. Cystatin C, CKMB, CREA, PT, TT, heart rate AUC area at admission was greater than 0.7. Fisher analysis method is used to build a functional model.Results:The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC area of the functional model were 95%, 83% and 0.937 respectively. The external validation results showed that the accuracy of predicting survival group was 85.71%, the accuracy of predicting death group was 88.89%.Conclusion:The early warning model of heat stroke death constructed by ROC curve analysis and Fisher discriminant analysis can provide objective reference for early intervention of heat stroke.

Objective:To establish an early warning model to assess the mortality risk of patients with heat stroke disease.Methods:The case data of patients diagnosed with heat stroke disease admitted to the comprehensive ICU of Shanshan County from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected. According to the short-term outcome (28 days) of patients, they were divided into death group (20 cases) and survival group (53 cases) . The relevant indicators with statistically significant differences between groups within 24 hours after admission were selected. By drawing the subject work curve (ROC) and calculating the area under the curve, the relevant indicators with the area under the curve greater than 0.7 were selected, Fisher discriminant analysis was used to establish an assessment model for the death risk of heat stroke disease. The data of heat stroke patients from January 1, 2021 to December 2022 in the comprehensive ICU of Shanshan County were collected for external verification. Results There were significant differences in age, cystatin C, procalcitonin, platelet count, CKMB, CK, CREA, PT, TT, APTT, heart rate, respiratory rate and GLS score among the groups. Cystatin C, CKMB, CREA, PT, TT, heart rate AUC area at admission was greater than 0.7. Fisher analysis method is used to build a functional model.Results:The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC area of the functional model were 95%, 83% and 0.937 respectively. The external validation results showed that the accuracy of predicting survival group was 85.71%, the accuracy of predicting death group was 88.89%.Conclusion:The early warning model of heat stroke death constructed by ROC curve analysis and Fisher discriminant analysis can provide objective reference for early intervention of heat stroke.

Humans ; Longevity ; Brain ; Aging ; Head

Based on polyketide syntheses gene (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases gene (NRPS), one strain with high anti-pathogenic activity was screened from 77 strains isolated from Arctic marine sediments and identified. By optimizing the composition of culture medium and fermentation conditions, the production of this strain's active metabolites was improved and the main metabolites were identified by HRMS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The antibacterial spectrum of the main metabolites and the effect of the metabolites on cucumber Fusarium wilt were also determined. The results showed that the strain was Bacillus velezensis and it showed growth promoting effect on plants. When the strain was cultured in 5 g/L maltose, 10 g/L tryptone, 10 g/L sodium chloride, at 30 ℃, 150 r/min for 60 h, the diameter of the inhibition zone increased from (16.23±0.42) to (24.42±0.57) mm. The metabolites of this strain mainly contain macrolide compound macrolactin A, which has antagonistic effect on a variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Cucumber seedling experiments showed that the metabolites of this strain had a protective effect on cucumber Fusarium wilt, and showed a good potential for development and application as a biocontrol agent.
Polyketides/pharmacology* ; Fungi ; Bacteria ; Fusarium/genetics* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Peptide Synthases/genetics*

Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE) is a rare angiogenic tumor. Histologically, the morphological characteristics of neoplastic vessels and endothelial differentiation are not obvious, and it is easy to be confused with epithelioid sarcoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and myogenic tumor. PHE usually occurs in arms and legs in young people and has a significant male predominance. The tumor has a predilection for the distal extremities and its typical manifestation is multiple center invasion of a single limb, which can involve all layers of skin and subcutaneous tissues,and is often accompanied by abvious pain. Histologically, PHE is characterized by infiltrative growth of tumor. Most tumor lesions are composed of sheets and loose fascicles of plump spindle or epithelioid cells within a background of variably prominent inflammatory infiltration, which was commonly composed of neutrophils. Some cells may resemble rhabdomyoblasts, and nuclear atypia and mitosis were rare. The tumor cells generally expressed positive cytokeratin (CK), ETS-related gene (ERG), Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1) and integrase interactor 1(INI1). In some cases, the tumor cells expressed CD31. A case of a young woman was reported in this paper, who presented with a subcutaneous mass with severe pain and was chronologically misdiagnosed with herpes zoster, low-grade malignant fibrous histiocytoma and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. In this study, the clinical and pathological features, differential diagnosis and the latest progress in therapy of PHE were analyzed based on relevant literature.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid/pathology* ; Hemangioma ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Male ; Pain ; Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis*

Objective:To explore the mechanism underlying microRNA (miR) -125a-mediated inhibition of proliferation of keratinocytes.Methods:After 24-hour pretreatment with interleukin (IL) -23, human HaCaT keratinocytes were divided into miR-125a group and miR-NC group transfected with a miR-125a overexpression plasmid and a control plasmid, respectively. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was performed to evaluate the proliferative ability of HaCaT cells in the two groups at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours after transfection, real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR to determine the mRNA expression of miR-125a and IL-23 receptors (IL-23R) in the two groups 24 hours after transfection, and Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of IL-23R, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) , protein kinase B (AKT) and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) in the two groups 48 hours after transfection. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the targeting relationship between miR-125a and IL-23R. Comparison of means between two groups was carried out by using t test, and changes in the proliferative ability of HaCaT cells over time were evaluated by using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results:After plasmid transfection, the relative expression of miR-125a was significantly higher in the miR-125a group (6.377 ± 0.745) than in the miR-NC group (0.700 ± 0.222; t=7.305, P=0.002) . At 0, 24 and 48 hours after transfection, there was no significant difference in cellular proliferative ability between the miR-125a group and the miR-NC group ( t=0.663, 0.623 and 1.930, respectively, all P > 0.05) ; at 72 hours after transfection, the cellular proliferative ability was significantly lower in the miR-125a group than in the miR-NC group ( t=4.407, P < 0.05) . The IL-23R mRNA expression was significantly lower in the miR-125a group than in the miR-NC group ( t=3.082, P < 0.05) . Compared with the miR-NC group, the miR-125a group showed significantly decreased protein expression of IL-23R, JAK2 and p-AKT ( t=11.715, 6.996, 12.424, P < 0.001,=0.002, < 0.001, respectively) . Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed targeted binding of miR-125a to IL-23R. Conclusion:MiR-125a may inhibit the proliferation of keratinocytes by negatively regulating the IL-23R/JAK2/AKT signaling pathway.